Planting mulch grasses in orchards,as a technique to build ecological orchards,can be one of the strategic approaches for rural revitalization.This study sorted out the common varieties of mulch grasses and analyzed t...Planting mulch grasses in orchards,as a technique to build ecological orchards,can be one of the strategic approaches for rural revitalization.This study sorted out the common varieties of mulch grasses and analyzed their application statuses in orchards of southern China.According to different utilization purposes of mulch grasses in orchards,scientific suggestions were given from aspects of grass selection,cultivation techniques,management methods and use modes.The study will provide reference for the construction of ecological orchards in southern China.展开更多
Targeting the problem of available water conservation in sand fixation, the sand-fixing and grass-planting materials were prepared with clay modified by emulsifying vegetable waxes and octylphenol polyoxyethylene eth...Targeting the problem of available water conservation in sand fixation, the sand-fixing and grass-planting materials were prepared with clay modified by emulsifying vegetable waxes and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether （OP4）. The water retention property was studied in simulating desertification environmental climate and the materials were characterized by means of UV-Vis, SEM, FTIR, XRD and TGA measurements. The experimental result showed that the materials had excellent water retention properties, due to that vegetable waxes adhered evenly to clay particle surfaces, made the clay pores changing from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and so inhibited the water evaporation. Grass-planting experiment showed that, with reasonable mass ratio of clay, vegetable waxes and surfactant, the materials not only inhibited water evaporation but also maintained sound air permeability so shat the germination rate and survival rate of grass were significantly improved.展开更多
Construction of "water-saving landscape architecture" is a crucial content of building "conservation-minded society'',an important approach of ensuring the sustainable development of landscaping...Construction of "water-saving landscape architecture" is a crucial content of building "conservation-minded society'',an important approach of ensuring the sustainable development of landscaping industry.It targets at exploring a reasonable means of using the nature,so as to improve ecological conditions and environment,save resources and energies,and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.Landscape plant is a significant component of landscape architecture,it is a key section to choose proper drought-resistant plant species for the landscape construction.展开更多
A field experiment was carried out at the CSIC Muñovela farm belonging to the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) in order to evaluate the effect of sowing orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata var. Trerano) ...A field experiment was carried out at the CSIC Muñovela farm belonging to the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) in order to evaluate the effect of sowing orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata var. Trerano) and lucerne (Medicago sativa var. Aragon) in monoculture and in combination. The experiment was based on a randomized block designed with a factorial arrangement (5 × 2). Experimental units were 40 plots distributed in four blocks. The phosphorus fertilization (P) factor included two types of conditions: basal fertilization without phosphorus (-P) and basal fertilization with phosphorus (+P), and the vegetation cover factor (T) included five conditions depending on the grass (G) and the legume (L). Above-ground biomass showed statistically significant differences among seasons and years (P Lolium perenne L. and Poa pratensis L. throughout the three years indicated that both species significantly increased their presence over time regardless of the treatments applied. The analysis performed for the other plant species (those other than grasses and legumes) allowed us to determine that the T1 and T5 treatments, which correspond to single species not treated with the application of phosphorus, influenced the presence of 70% of other species planted. Our specific aim was to explore how changing plant biotic diversity affects productivity under a given set of conditions. We manipulated plant species richness as an experimental factor to determine if productivity would be affected by changes in the ratios of plants sown.展开更多
The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative methods of grassland renewal (reseeding) with perennial ryegrass and quantify their effects on subsequent DM yield, tiller density and nitrate leaching. Two expe...The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative methods of grassland renewal (reseeding) with perennial ryegrass and quantify their effects on subsequent DM yield, tiller density and nitrate leaching. Two experiments were carried out;the first focused on quantifying the influence of Autumn reseeding (August cultivation), and the second, on Spring reseeding (May cultivation) on sward establishment and grass DM production. The study incorporated six treatments namely: direct drill (DD), disc plus power harrow (DPH), power harrow (PH), conventional-plough, till and sow (PLO), and the chemical application of diquat to suppress the existing sward followed by direct drilling (DIQ), represented a rejuvenation method as opposed to full renewal (Spring trial only). All treatments were compared against a control (old permanent pasture). Reseeded swards produced more seasonal (P < 0.05) and total (P < 0.01 Autumn only) DM yield than the control sward. All reseeding methods increased the perennial ryegrass tiller density of the sward compared to the old permanent pasture (P < 0.05 Autumn trial, P < 0.001 Spring trial). All sward renewal methods evaluated were equally as effective as the conventional method of grassland reseeding with the DIQ rejuvenation method intermediate as measured in terms of DM yield and PRG tiller density. The results of the study show no significant difference in the level of nitrate lost in leachate following reseeding regardless of method used or indeed any difference between reseeded swards and old permanent pasture.展开更多
由深路堑土石方开挖而形成的高陡光滑岩质边坡往往具有很大安全隐患和环境影响,需要采用有效的绿化防护技术以增强其稳定性和发挥生态功能。结合某高速公路扩建工程施工,从土工材料与植物生态条的结合、植物品种的选择与组合、以及土基...由深路堑土石方开挖而形成的高陡光滑岩质边坡往往具有很大安全隐患和环境影响,需要采用有效的绿化防护技术以增强其稳定性和发挥生态功能。结合某高速公路扩建工程施工,从土工材料与植物生态条的结合、植物品种的选择与组合、以及土基加固等方面,探讨了适用于陡峭且光滑岩质边坡的绿化防护关键技术,包括TBS(turf base seeding)植草(灌)防护和喷播养护策略,增加客土厚度和采用双层TBS镀锌网片加固等。实践表明,上述措施能显著提升植被的绿化成活率和边坡的稳定性。研究结果可为类似地质环境下的绿化防护工程的设计与施工提供有价值的参考。展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research&Development Project(2018YFD0800501)Hunan Key Research&Development Project(2016JC2028)Science and Technology Innovation Project in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2018QN33)~~
文摘Planting mulch grasses in orchards,as a technique to build ecological orchards,can be one of the strategic approaches for rural revitalization.This study sorted out the common varieties of mulch grasses and analyzed their application statuses in orchards of southern China.According to different utilization purposes of mulch grasses in orchards,scientific suggestions were given from aspects of grass selection,cultivation techniques,management methods and use modes.The study will provide reference for the construction of ecological orchards in southern China.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50772131)the Main Project of Ministry of Education of China(No.106086)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)(No.2010YJ05)
文摘Targeting the problem of available water conservation in sand fixation, the sand-fixing and grass-planting materials were prepared with clay modified by emulsifying vegetable waxes and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether （OP4）. The water retention property was studied in simulating desertification environmental climate and the materials were characterized by means of UV-Vis, SEM, FTIR, XRD and TGA measurements. The experimental result showed that the materials had excellent water retention properties, due to that vegetable waxes adhered evenly to clay particle surfaces, made the clay pores changing from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and so inhibited the water evaporation. Grass-planting experiment showed that, with reasonable mass ratio of clay, vegetable waxes and surfactant, the materials not only inhibited water evaporation but also maintained sound air permeability so shat the germination rate and survival rate of grass were significantly improved.
文摘Construction of "water-saving landscape architecture" is a crucial content of building "conservation-minded society'',an important approach of ensuring the sustainable development of landscaping industry.It targets at exploring a reasonable means of using the nature,so as to improve ecological conditions and environment,save resources and energies,and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.Landscape plant is a significant component of landscape architecture,it is a key section to choose proper drought-resistant plant species for the landscape construction.
文摘A field experiment was carried out at the CSIC Muñovela farm belonging to the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) in order to evaluate the effect of sowing orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata var. Trerano) and lucerne (Medicago sativa var. Aragon) in monoculture and in combination. The experiment was based on a randomized block designed with a factorial arrangement (5 × 2). Experimental units were 40 plots distributed in four blocks. The phosphorus fertilization (P) factor included two types of conditions: basal fertilization without phosphorus (-P) and basal fertilization with phosphorus (+P), and the vegetation cover factor (T) included five conditions depending on the grass (G) and the legume (L). Above-ground biomass showed statistically significant differences among seasons and years (P Lolium perenne L. and Poa pratensis L. throughout the three years indicated that both species significantly increased their presence over time regardless of the treatments applied. The analysis performed for the other plant species (those other than grasses and legumes) allowed us to determine that the T1 and T5 treatments, which correspond to single species not treated with the application of phosphorus, influenced the presence of 70% of other species planted. Our specific aim was to explore how changing plant biotic diversity affects productivity under a given set of conditions. We manipulated plant species richness as an experimental factor to determine if productivity would be affected by changes in the ratios of plants sown.
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative methods of grassland renewal (reseeding) with perennial ryegrass and quantify their effects on subsequent DM yield, tiller density and nitrate leaching. Two experiments were carried out;the first focused on quantifying the influence of Autumn reseeding (August cultivation), and the second, on Spring reseeding (May cultivation) on sward establishment and grass DM production. The study incorporated six treatments namely: direct drill (DD), disc plus power harrow (DPH), power harrow (PH), conventional-plough, till and sow (PLO), and the chemical application of diquat to suppress the existing sward followed by direct drilling (DIQ), represented a rejuvenation method as opposed to full renewal (Spring trial only). All treatments were compared against a control (old permanent pasture). Reseeded swards produced more seasonal (P < 0.05) and total (P < 0.01 Autumn only) DM yield than the control sward. All reseeding methods increased the perennial ryegrass tiller density of the sward compared to the old permanent pasture (P < 0.05 Autumn trial, P < 0.001 Spring trial). All sward renewal methods evaluated were equally as effective as the conventional method of grassland reseeding with the DIQ rejuvenation method intermediate as measured in terms of DM yield and PRG tiller density. The results of the study show no significant difference in the level of nitrate lost in leachate following reseeding regardless of method used or indeed any difference between reseeded swards and old permanent pasture.
文摘由深路堑土石方开挖而形成的高陡光滑岩质边坡往往具有很大安全隐患和环境影响,需要采用有效的绿化防护技术以增强其稳定性和发挥生态功能。结合某高速公路扩建工程施工,从土工材料与植物生态条的结合、植物品种的选择与组合、以及土基加固等方面,探讨了适用于陡峭且光滑岩质边坡的绿化防护关键技术,包括TBS(turf base seeding)植草(灌)防护和喷播养护策略,增加客土厚度和采用双层TBS镀锌网片加固等。实践表明,上述措施能显著提升植被的绿化成活率和边坡的稳定性。研究结果可为类似地质环境下的绿化防护工程的设计与施工提供有价值的参考。
