Education of veterinarians in animal welfare issues is important to improve the welfare and health of animals. A questionnaire to 250 veterinarians related to their knowledge on animal welfare issues has been carried ...Education of veterinarians in animal welfare issues is important to improve the welfare and health of animals. A questionnaire to 250 veterinarians related to their knowledge on animal welfare issues has been carried out at the Veterinary School of the University of the Republic, Uruguay, during March-April 2012. The questions were related to the courses on animal welfare veterinarians received, their main field of work, the importance given to the information offered and the quality of the topics addressed. From the total of veterinarians surveyed, 45% （112） answered the questionnaire. Of those who responded, 47% attended to three or more animal welfare courses, 18% assisted to two courses and 22% to one. The occupation of the 82% of respondents was with beef and dairy cattle （large animals） or in the meat industry equally. 10% works with small animals （especially pets） and poultry （production and industry）. The 95% of respondents considered that animal welfare is very important for their daily work with animals 65% reported that animal welfare concepts have high applicability in their job. 85% considered that animal welfare should be part of the veterinary curricula and 100% expressed their compliance to be present in other courses on the subject. These results emphasize the importance afforded by Uruguayan veterinarians to improve their knowledge on animal welfare and to continue including specific courses in the veterinary curricula.展开更多
Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is a recently approved combination synthetic β-lactamase inhibitor used in human clinical medicine. Cases of CZA resistance in humans have already been reported, but limited research has i...Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is a recently approved combination synthetic β-lactamase inhibitor used in human clinical medicine. Cases of CZA resistance in humans have already been reported, but limited research has investigated CZA resistance in pets. This study explored the prevalence and transmission of CZA-resistant Escherichia coli (CZAREC) among pets, their owners, veterinarians, and the environment in animal hospitals. A total of 5,419 clinical samples were collected from dogs and cats, along with samples from the environment (n = 5,843), veterinarians (n = 557), and pet owners (n = 368) in animal hospitals. From these samples, 760 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates were obtained, out of which 60 were identified as CZAREC. These included 34 isolates from the environment (9.14 %, n = 372), three from veterinarians (8.11 %, n = 37), and 23 from animals (6.82 %, n = 337). No CZAREC isolates were found in pet owners. The predominant sequence types of CZARECs were ST156 (n = 20), ST410 (n = 19) and ST101 (n = 7). Bayesian analysis revealed six clusters comprising 47 isolates from the hospital environment, pets, and veterinaries, displaying genetic relatedness of less than 100 core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (cgSNPs) between any two isolates in each cluster. Some CZAREC isolates with high genetic similarity persisted in the same animal hospital for four to six months. Moreover, discriminant analysis of principal components indicated that most isolates from different hosts shared a genetic source in the human/dog/cat merged cluster. Overall, evidence of CZARECs transmission was found among pets, the environment, and veterinarians in animal hospitals. The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring CZARECs in the veterinary clinical setting to ensure the health of both pets and humans.展开更多
文摘Education of veterinarians in animal welfare issues is important to improve the welfare and health of animals. A questionnaire to 250 veterinarians related to their knowledge on animal welfare issues has been carried out at the Veterinary School of the University of the Republic, Uruguay, during March-April 2012. The questions were related to the courses on animal welfare veterinarians received, their main field of work, the importance given to the information offered and the quality of the topics addressed. From the total of veterinarians surveyed, 45% （112） answered the questionnaire. Of those who responded, 47% attended to three or more animal welfare courses, 18% assisted to two courses and 22% to one. The occupation of the 82% of respondents was with beef and dairy cattle （large animals） or in the meat industry equally. 10% works with small animals （especially pets） and poultry （production and industry）. The 95% of respondents considered that animal welfare is very important for their daily work with animals 65% reported that animal welfare concepts have high applicability in their job. 85% considered that animal welfare should be part of the veterinary curricula and 100% expressed their compliance to be present in other courses on the subject. These results emphasize the importance afforded by Uruguayan veterinarians to improve their knowledge on animal welfare and to continue including specific courses in the veterinary curricula.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32141002,81991535 and 32202863)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021 M703528).
文摘Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is a recently approved combination synthetic β-lactamase inhibitor used in human clinical medicine. Cases of CZA resistance in humans have already been reported, but limited research has investigated CZA resistance in pets. This study explored the prevalence and transmission of CZA-resistant Escherichia coli (CZAREC) among pets, their owners, veterinarians, and the environment in animal hospitals. A total of 5,419 clinical samples were collected from dogs and cats, along with samples from the environment (n = 5,843), veterinarians (n = 557), and pet owners (n = 368) in animal hospitals. From these samples, 760 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates were obtained, out of which 60 were identified as CZAREC. These included 34 isolates from the environment (9.14 %, n = 372), three from veterinarians (8.11 %, n = 37), and 23 from animals (6.82 %, n = 337). No CZAREC isolates were found in pet owners. The predominant sequence types of CZARECs were ST156 (n = 20), ST410 (n = 19) and ST101 (n = 7). Bayesian analysis revealed six clusters comprising 47 isolates from the hospital environment, pets, and veterinaries, displaying genetic relatedness of less than 100 core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (cgSNPs) between any two isolates in each cluster. Some CZAREC isolates with high genetic similarity persisted in the same animal hospital for four to six months. Moreover, discriminant analysis of principal components indicated that most isolates from different hosts shared a genetic source in the human/dog/cat merged cluster. Overall, evidence of CZARECs transmission was found among pets, the environment, and veterinarians in animal hospitals. The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring CZARECs in the veterinary clinical setting to ensure the health of both pets and humans.
