Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Judges’Footing Shifts in Criminal Courtroom

The paper,based on the concept of FOOTING,makes a multimodal discourse analysis of the relationship between the judge’s discourse and his footing shifts in a criminal courtroom.The results show that in the interaction,multimodal resources in judges’discourse include conversational features(prolonging keywords,interrupting,repeating,taking turns,etc.),acoustic ones(ascending F0 for pitches and d B for intensity,transition tracks between consonants and formants of vowels,duration of some keywords in important sentences,etc.),and visual ones(facing other parties,facing the materials,etc.).The multimodal resources activate different judges’footings,including ANIMATOR,ANIMATOR+AUTHOR and ANIMATOR+AUTHOR+PRINCIPAL,and identify the judge’s footing shifts in the courtroom.The results also demonstrate that the judge’s footing shifts perform the functions of trial organizing,information confirming,fact investigating,spokesperson of the collegial panel,law educating and so on in criminal trials.

一种分布式Online Judge系统设计与实现

为解决计算机编程课程传统课堂中教学案例枯燥、教学个性化不足、学生上机作业抄袭、上机作业批改量大等问题,设计基于学生提交编程代码实现实时自动检测及打分的在线程序测评系统。该系统除解决上述问题外,还可帮助学生解决上机教学环境中知识点掌握不扎实的问题,使学生快速积累编程经验、提升算法能力及时间空间取舍决策能力。同时,也可以在该系统上展示学生解决问题的思维过程和算法能力,从而帮助学生开拓新的学习视角。该系统可清晰展示作业从提交、检测、成绩批改到指出问题的全过程,为测验学生编程知识掌握程度,提供一种有效的验证分析方法,并在数据可视化方面构建较为独特的评测体系。

Influence of Civil Authority on Rural Grass-roots Democracy and Social Autonomy in Northwest Minority Regions

System of villagers autonomy is one of the basic political systems in China and one of those systems ensuring that the people are the masters of the country. Northwest minorities generally live in the remote northwestern China where economy and education are relatively underdeveloped compared with those in central and eastern China and civil authority has great influence on rural grass-roots democracy as well as social autonomy there,which causes difficulties to the development of rural democracy and social autonomy. Assisting northwest minority regions in overcoming the difficulties of developing grass-roots democracy and social autonomy,carrying out effective measures to properly guide the development and influence of civil authority and finally achieving the construction of new socialist countryside have great significance in ensuring that people there are the masters of their country.

Resource Dependence Relationship between Grass-roots Government and Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives

Based on theories of resource dependence and government functions,this paper analyzed benefit interaction between grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives in Hubei Province. It was intended to make clear the path dependence relationship between grassroots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives and find out problems in between. Besides,from the perspective of grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives,it came up with corresponding recommendations,to promote constant improvement of farmers' specialized cooperatives,and help them to become key forces of leading farmers to get rich,pull agricultural economic development,and promote new socialist countryside construction.

Construction of Rural Grass-roots Water Conservancy Service System in the Context of Institutional Changes

At present,it is urgent to solve problems of reforming and improving grass-roots water conservancy management mode in rural areas and improving rural water conservancy public service ability. Through analyzing institutional changes of grass-roots water conservancy management in rural areas,this paper discussed current situations and outstanding problems in grass-roots water conservancy services in rural areas of Kunming City. On the basis of current situations and problems,it came up with policy recommendations from reform of management institutions,reform of personnel system,construction of human resources,development of rural water use cooperation organizations,and improvement of fund input mechanism,to build rural grass-roots water conservancy service system.

The Evaluation Rules in the View of the Rhythmic Gymnastics Judges

The Code of Points （COP） is the evaluation tool of Rhythmic Gymnastics （RG） and contributes to its evolution as sport. This tool is applied in competition by the judges who have a crucial role in the performance evaluation. The aim of this study was to characterize the International judges, their perception of the objectivity of their judgment in competitions and their opinions about the content and the reliability of the Code of Points. 162 international RG judges answered a questionnaire specially designed for this study For the data analysis, non-parametric tests were used. According to the judges, the evaluation of the difficulty component in the individual routines has more subjectivity in the items of Mastery （58.6%） and Dance Steps （55.6%） and is less subjective in the body difficulties of Balance （72.2%）. Concerning the execution, the judges consider that the evaluation of the artistic faults is the most subjective in this domain （64.8%）. Within the artistic faults the items unity of the composition and relation between the Music and the Movements, were those which registered higher significant results for the subjectivity in the evaluation （47.5% and 37.0%, respectively）.

Online Judge平台在信息科技教学中的应用

在信息科技教学中,充分发挥Online Judge平台自动化程度高、具有智能化分析功能、互动性强的特点,可以提高学生的学习兴趣,减轻教师评测代码的负担,方便教师部署和指导实验。借助Online Judge平台可以完成预习、课堂实验、项目式教学、小组研讨、测验与考试5个教学环节;利用Online Judge平台进行教学成果评价并实时指导教学工作,可以为青少年信息科技教学工作提供有力支持。

The Grass-Roots Governance of the National Government in Tianjin Recovery Area After the Triumph of the Anti-Japanese War

The national government wants to penetrate into the grass-roots unit after the triumph of the Anti-Japanese War in the recovery area.Through the reorganization of the Baojia system,the government expects to achieve local autonomy and then solve the people’s livelihood issues.The new Baojia system provides a platform for people to achieve their own demands,which presents the vision of civil rights to a certain extent.However,because of the complexity of the postwar social environment,the Baojia system cannot completely represent the will of the people,and finally becomes a militarized organization that was used as a tool to carry out the government decree.

"Emperor's Power Far Away from the Countryside"and"Town in Charge of Village Affairs":The Extreme Grass-roots Management System is Not Conducive to the Healthy Development of the Countryside

This paper compares the two different rural management methods of"emperor’s power far away from the countryside"and"town in charge of village affairs",which shows that the extreme grass-roots management system is not conducive to rural development.This paper also points out that rural development needs to find a road of sustainable development in line with its own characteristics,which is the fundamental shortcut to change poverty and become rich for a long time.

Thoughts Invoked by Wronged Judges

Case: On July 9, 2003, the people’s procuratorate of Ansai County, Shaanxi Province arrested three judges, Zhang Hongming, Liu Jianzhong and Xue Sheng of the people’s court of Zichang County of the same province on charges of "unlawful detention." On September 29, 2003, Ansai people’s court declared the three judges innocent and immediately released them. On September 30, 2003, Ansai people’s procuratorate protested the judgment and appealed to the intermediate people’s court of Yan’an city. On December 18, 2003, the Yan’an

地方“两院”司法解释性质文件的存废困境及其化解

地方“两院”司法解释性质文件在法律层面和最高司法权层面尚未获得正当性。与规范层面上的禁止性规定不同,出于司法适用需要,此类文件在实践中仍然禁而不止。地方“两院”司法解释性质文件禁而不止的根源在于混淆了作为方法的司法解释和作为权力的司法解释。基于司法权的内在需要,地方“两院”制定此类文件具有一定的合理性和正当性。实践中,地方“两院”出于司法适用、回应政策需求以及适应地方具体情况等目的而制定解释性质文件,部分规则有解释之名却隐含了立法之实。为缓解地方“两院”法律解释需要和规则效力外溢之间的张力,应当从制定主体、功能界限以及裁判定位三个方面对其进行限制。地方司法解释性质文件规范化后,宜将其纳入地方人大和司法系统中进行相应的双重审查规制。

“私教”还是“枪手”:基于大模型的计算机实践教学探索

以大模型为代表的新一代人工智能技术正深刻影响传统教学模式。在计算机实践教学过程中,如果大模型被合理应用,它可以充当学生的“私教”,辅助学生的个性化学习;否则大模型可能沦为学生完成作业的“枪手”,削弱学生的独立思考及实践能力。该文首先论述了计算机实践教学的层次,并分析了大模型对各个层次实践教学的正面和负面影响。然后,以“算法设计与分析”课程为案例,设计了面向算法设计实践的大模型应用模式,包括过程报告、逆向思考和集中考核等主要形式,初步应用结果表明,84.8%的学生在课程中使用大模型,其中51%的学生认可大模型的帮助作用,大模型应用显著提高了课程实践作业的完成度。

行政规划行为可诉性的类型化研究——以“湛江喜强公司案”为分析中心

行政规划是现代行政职权行使的一种重要方式。司法实践中,法院在判断行政规划是否可诉时主要借助普遍约束性、实际影响两种标准。对此,应当首先厘清行政规划的法律性质,并将其定位为与行政行为并列的新型行政活动方式。对“湛江喜强公司案”裁判理由及其他类案的分析表明,在行政规划可诉性问题的把握上,法院业已形成了行政过程论、成熟性原则以及救济实效性三重思考路径,并辅以对象具体特定性、内容权利限制性和效果直接明确性三项构成要件,这为司法有效应对纷繁复杂的行政规划案件提供了较为统一的裁判尺度。在此基础上对行政规划进行类型化分析,有助于权利保护和纠纷解决。

论在线诉讼法官阐明义务

在线诉讼是诉讼信息化改革取得的重要成果,法官阐明在在线诉讼中发挥着重要作用,有利于提高司法效率,维护司法公正,保障当事人的权利。区别于传统诉讼中法官阐明的双重属性,在线诉讼法官阐明性质界定为义务似乎更加妥当,在当事人主义民事诉讼模式下,在线诉讼程序遵循的当事人同意原则依赖于法官阐明义务的履行。在线诉讼中法官阐明义务的内容、行使方式、时机都有了新的变化。法官违反阐明义务,应当阐明而未阐明,应赋予当事人上诉的救济权。

我国法院调解制度的发展进路

法院调解一直是我国民事诉讼中极为重要的解纷方式。近年来,法院调解率的不断下降在一定程度上体现了理念固化以及制度创新不足的窘境。一方面,调解未能实效性地疏解法官的案件压力;另一方面,调解协议的自动履行率偏低常致当事人合法权益得到及时保障的预期落空,如果调解无法真正内化为法官、当事人及律师的自觉选择,便难以催生出真正意义的现代调解。因此,在当前法院日益严峻的“案多人少”背景下,如何使调解真正助益案件分流且能够实效性地疏解法官的审案压力,并尽可能确保当事人合法权益的及时兑现,在实现诉源治理目标的同时逐步克减执行案源,将是法院调解必须面对的挑战。而通过理念的更新及制度的优化,包括建构真正由法院主导的附设调解机构、确立强制调解制度并厘定调解前置的案件范围、协同保全制度促成调解以及当事人合法权益的保障等,将有望使我国法院调解制度重新焕发生机。

基于学习通和在线判题系统的程序设计课程考核系统研究

程序设计课程是大部分工科专业的基础课程,对后续专业课程学习非常重要。为了提高课程的教学效果,结合学习通和在线判题系统对课程内容、实践环节等进行研究与探索,根据学校教学特点设计了一款在线判题系统。该系统基于ThinkPHP框架搭建,使用目前流行的B/S架构,最终以网页形式提供给教师与学生实践操作。学生通过该系统能获得测评实时反馈,增强了学习自主性,提高了编程能力,并减少了教师的工作量。

合议庭结构对陪审员实质参审刑事案件的影响

通过对1700余份陪审员调查问卷的分析,验证了合议庭结构对陪审员实质参审存在着影响。总体来看,在规模越大、陪审员所占比例越高的合议庭中,陪审员更能实质参审。而且,在不同合议庭结构中,影响陪审员实质参审程度的因素并不完全相同。在陪审员数量和占比较低的合议庭中,陪审员实质参审程度的提升更依赖于合议庭民主氛围的提升;而在陪审员数量和占比较高的合议庭中,陪审员实质参审程度的提升更依赖于庭审实质化的实现程度。为进一步提升陪审员实质参审程度,可在不同合议庭中采用更符合陪审员认知和决策规律的合议庭选择机制,并在不同合议庭中采用更加有针对性地提升陪审员实质参审程度的方式。

盘锦方言中的比拟性否定构式“我看你像(个)N”研究

“我看你像(个)N”构式在盘锦方言中普遍使用,表示对他人要求、建议的拒绝或对他人观点的反驳。该构式以非常规性比拟为表现形式,这种比拟方式不以两者的相似性为基础,是构式否定功能的来源,这与其非常规属性、方言特性的影响均相关。因此,盘锦方言中的“我看你像(个)N”构式是比拟性否定评价构式。相似构式“你看我像不像(个)N”与该构式表达功能大体相似,但能够进入两构式的“N”、后接句式、具体表达功能、语气等方面均有差别。

基于Online Judge与HTML批注技术的实验教学平台设计

交互性是信息化背景下的实验教学面临的问题之一。本文基于Online Judge核心,引入HTML批注技术和AJAX技术,为计算机程序设计类课程设计一个具有良好交互性的实验教学平台。并在利用批注数据对教学过程进行反馈并辅助决策方面进行研究和探索。

民事诉权的希尔伯特问题

诉权是民事诉讼法学的首要希尔伯特问题。面对边缘化风险,民事诉权亟需证成自身的有用性。新中国成立以来,民事诉权先后肩负民事诉讼体制的社会主义转型、依法独立公正行使审判权、立案登记制改革以及“切实实施民法典”的历史使命与时代精神。二元诉权论虽然是我国长期坚守的通说,但并未对诉权规范及其实践提供清晰的概念指引,法律文本中的诉权规范可能分别指向起诉行为、起诉权、胜诉权、案件受理等意涵。学说史的发展和迭代表明,诉权保障并不必然伴随立案登记制。立案登记制改革亟待与诉权模式转型形成联动。二元诉权论与具体公法诉权论存在亲缘关系。囿于诉之可能性等关键概念缺失以及“案多人少”的现实挑战,二元诉权论同样面临“起诉难”这一私法诉权说的实践弊病。“诉讼爆炸”“无理缠诉”并非诉权模式转型的当然结果。随着民事诉权希尔伯特问题的有效解决,立案登记制改革终将走出“历史的三峡”,实现民事诉权保障与规制的衡平与共赢。