Emerald Cities: Planning for Smart and Green China

Year:2017Publisher:China Architecture&Building Press ISBN:9787112212927(347 pages,in Chinese)Emerald Cities:Planning for Smart and Green China collects andsummarizes many hot topics in the current urban and rural planning,and proposes 10 low carbon city development principles.Regarding city master planning,it is suggested to define the urban growthboundary,and practice compact,mixed,and transit oriented devel-

Issues and Challenges in Implementing China’sGreen Public Procurement Program

Sustainable development and environmental protection are the themes of the day. One popular policy tool that government uses to promote sustainable development and to protect the environment is green public procurement. Chinese government established its public procurement system in the late 1990s. It has moved to implement green procurement since 2004. In this paper, the authors will first trace the development of Chinese green public procurement program. The authors will then examine the issues involved in its implementation and make suggestions as to how to make green public procurement program more effective. This is one of the first papers examining China’s green public procurement program.

Problems and Countermeasures of Green Logistics Development in China

Green logistics represents direction and trend of future logistics development, and is a kind of new mode of the logistics industry under the guidance of strategic guidance of scientific development concept and construction guideline of ecological civilization. Various countries in the world gradually make green logistics activity as the focus of logistics industry development and actively study special technology of green logistics, thereby laying foundation for green and sustainable development of logistics. In China, green logistics starts later, and awareness on green logistics is very limited, We study current situation of green logistics development in China, analyze many problems at concept, regulations and policies, in- frastructure, technical information and logistics personnel of green logistics, and put forward specific suggestions for improving green logistics devel- opment in China.

Present Situation and Control Ideas of Outbreak of Blue-green Algae in Freshwater Lakes in China

Based on the experience and lessons from previous control of lakes, as well as the present situation of water eutrophication and outbreak of blue-green algae in lakes, general ideas of controlling outbreak of blue-green algae in large and middle lakes were proposed. Firstly, it is needed to control serious outbreak of blue-green algae and then build health aquatic ecosystems and corresponding control goals finally. Secondly, quantity of blue-green algae in lakes and lake eutrophication should be reduced at the same time. Thirdly, quantity of reduced blue-green algae must exceed the natural increase of them in quantity persistently, so that outbreak of blue-green algae will reduce and even be eliminated. Fourthly, engineering measures and corresponding safeguard measures to control outbreak of blue-green algae in lakes should be combined.

Global Climate Change and China's Green Development

For China, green industrial revolution induced by global climate change poses not only the greatest challenge, but also the greatest opportunity. In the perspective of China's basic national conditions, and especially its natural conditions, China's green development is the inevitable path of choice for the realization of sustainable development and scientific development. The essence of China's modernization 2050 is green modernization, taking the three-step strategy towards China's own green development and energy conservation and emission reduction. In combination with the 12 th Five Year Plan, its innovative positioning is "green development plan".

Trade-offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services in Karst Area of China Driven by Grain-for-Green Program

As an important means regulating the relationship between human and natural ecosystem,ecological restoration program plays a key role in restoring ecosystem functions.The Grain-for-Green Program(GFGP,One of the world’s most ambitious ecosystem conservation set-aside programs aims to transfer farmland on steep slopes to forestland or grassland to increase vegetation coverage)has been widely implemented from 1999 to 2015 and exerted significant influence on land use and ecosystem services(ESs).In this study,three ecological models(In VEST,RUSLE,and CASA)were used to accurately calculate the three key types of ESs,water yield(WY),soil conservation(SC),and net primary production(NPP)in Karst area of southwestern China from 1982 to 2015.The impact of GFGP on ESs and trade-offs was analyzed.It provides practical guidance in carrying out ecological regulation in Karst area of China under global climate change.Results showed that ESs and trade-offs had changed dramatically driven by GFGP.In detail,temporally,SC and NPP exhibited an increasing trend,while WY exhibited a decreasing trend.Spatially,SC basically decreased from west to east;NPP basically increased from north to south;WY basically increased from west to east;NPP and SC,SC and WY developed in the direction of trade-offs driven by the GFGP,while NPP and WY developed in the direction of synergy.Therefore,future ecosystem management and restoration policy-making should consider trade-offs of ESs so as to achieve sustainable provision of ESs.

Rich Prospects for China's Green Foods Development

Green foods, also known as biologic foods or environmental protective foods, are healthy, quality and nutritional foods without pollutants or public hazard. There are four standards for producing green foods in China: 1. The origin of the products or the raw materials of products must conform with the ecological environment standards for the production of green foods. 2. Planting of farming crops, the raising of animals and poultry and the farming of aquatic products and

Green Food in China

MAN'Sdietaryhabitsareundergoingarevolution.Over-consumptionofhigh-caloriefoodsisgivingwaytosafef,healthierandmorenutritiousdiets.Peoplehavebeguntobemorescientificaboutfoodintakeandnowseekaharmoniousrelationshipwithnature.Greenfoodisattheheartofthisne...

Status and Countermeasures for the Green Marketing of Agricultural Products Processing Enterprises in Yinchuan City,China

Based on the overview and characteristics of agricultural products processing enterprise in Yinchuan City,green marketing status of agricultural products processing enterprise in Yinchuan City is introduced from the aspects of product strategy,pricing strategy,distribution strategy and promotion strategy.Problems in the green marketing of agricultural products processing enterprise are analyzed,such as the obvious contradiction between the processing demand and the raw materials,low level of comprehensive utilization of resources,no common demand for green consumption in Yinchuan City,weak strength of enterprise and no concept of green marketing,poor macro-control and insufficient input,neglecting the environmental production of materials during marketing,and insufficient input of enterprises in professional marketing personnel.In order to improve the green marketing ability of enterprises and the development of agricultural products processing enterprise in Yinchuan City,the following countermeasures are put forward:green marketing strategy(mainly including cultivating the green marketing strategy for enterprises,gathering of green information,and strengthening the marketing strategy of target market)and green marketing policy(mainly including green products policy,green price policy,green channel policy and green promotion policy).

Cultivated-land change in Mu Us Sandy Land of China before and after the first-stage grain-for-green policy

Mu Us Sandy Land(MUSL) of China, as a typical eco-fragile and farming-pastoral transitional region, shows great vulnerability to disturbances from cultivation activity. In this region, the conflict between cultivation activity and environmental protection has not attracted great importance until the implementation of China's Grain-for-Green Policy(CGGP) since2000. Here, using Landsat5 TM/Landsat7 ETM+ images from 1990, 2000, and 2010, we monitor the cultivation activity and land-use/cover changes(LUCC) resulting from cultivation activity in the MUSL region. Based on the data from images, we developed a series of databases of cultivated activity-induced LUCC and use them to discuss comparatively the spatio-temporal evolution trends of cultivation activity before and after CGGP implementation. These results provide evidence for managers to evaluate the implementation effectiveness of governmental policy and the influence of cultivation activity on the ecological environment of the MUSL region.

Preliminary Analysis of Modular Vertical Greening in Office Spaces in Northeast China

Environmental problem is a key problem for modern society. This paper analyzed indoor environment of the offi ce space in northeast China, explored the plants suitable for modular vertical greening in the offi ce space, and the key points for selection, and further analyzed the benefi ts of modular vertical greening for the indoor offi ce environment and the process fl ow. New technologies in modular vertical greening can be applied to improve the quality of indoor environment, and enhance the active atmosphere of indoor environment.

西南水稻主产区用水现状与绿色高效灌排技术

西南水稻主产区面临季节性干旱、工程性缺水等生产问题,绿色高效灌排技术是该区域实现节水稳产增效的关键举措,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本文系统梳理了包括云南省、贵州省、四川省、重庆市在内的西南地区水稻生产用水现状和灌排技术现状,阐述了西南水稻主产区绿色高效灌排体系的基本特征、绿色高效灌排的具体技术类型,提出了由稻田精准需水预报、灌区精量配水管理、田间高效用水管理、田间高效排水管理构成的绿色高效灌排技术模式。研究发现,西南水稻主产区水资源丰富但时空分布不均,节水灌溉和排水技术落后且对各地区气候条件、水资源量、地形的适用性有较大差异。建议研发稻田灌排高效协同调控新技术、推广绿色高效灌排技术体系、优化稻田水肥运筹模式、开发稻田智能灌排与信息化管理系统、构建水稻绿色高效灌排技术多维推广体系,据此推动西南水稻主产区节水提质增效与绿色减污降排多赢。

数字基础设施建设对城市绿色创新效率的影响——基于“宽带中国”战略试点政策的准自然实验

本文基于我国280个地级及以上城市2006~2021年的面板数据,利用多期双重差分模型考察“宽带中国”战略试点政策实施对城市绿色创新效率的影响效应、内在机制及异质性表现。研究发现:(1)“宽带中国”战略试点政策实施对城市绿色创新效率具有显著的提升作用,并且在一系列稳健性检验后结果依然稳健;(2)劳动力流动和生产性服务业集聚是“宽带中国”战略试点政策实施提高城市绿色创新效率的两种机制;(3)“宽带中国”战略试点政策实施对城市绿色创新效率的促进作用在东部城市、大规模城市、非资源型城市中更强;(4)正式环境规制和非正式环境规制正向调节“宽带中国”战略试点政策实施对城市绿色创新效率的驱动作用。本文为推动数字基础设施建设以及城市绿色创新效率的提升提供了重要政策启示。

中老铁路生态、绿色、人文融合设计研究

研究目的:第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛提出“高质量共建‘一带一路’,携手实现共同发展繁荣”的目标,为新时期海外铁路建设指明了方向。针对中老铁路工程的特点和难点,开展生态、绿色、人文融合设计研究,介绍中老铁路在生态保护、绿色低碳、人文景观等方面的设计理念及创新实践。研究结论:(1)新时期的铁路建设应由被动的环境保护提升为主动的生态补偿,将生态理念融入铁路建设的各个阶段;(2)铁路绿色设计应以“人与自然和谐共生”为更高目标,在实现低碳集约的同时,创造更大的生态价值;(3)海外铁路工程设计应更加注重人文关怀,丰富文化内涵,使铁路成为民心相通、文化交融的重要载体;(4)本文研究可为国际铁路工程设计提供参考。

“宽带中国”试点政策对企业绿色创新的影响——数字金融、数字化转型的中介效应

“宽带中国”试点是加强数字基础设施建设,以数字化推动企业绿色创新发展的重要途径。将“宽带中国”试点政策作为一项准自然实验,选取2011-2021年2 037家A股上市公司样本数据,运用多时点双重差分模型检验“宽带中国”试点政策对企业绿色创新的影响。研究发现:①“宽带中国”试点政策能够显著促进企业绿色创新,经过平行趋势检验、PSM-DID检验等一系列稳健性检验后结论依然成立;②“宽带中国”试点政策对企业绿色创新的影响具有所有权、行业和城市环境规制水平异质性,试点政策对国有企业、重污染行业以及低环境规制城市企业的促进作用更显著;③机制检验表明,“宽带中国”试点政策主要通过提高城市数字金融水平和推动企业数字化转型两条路径促进企业绿色创新,具体表现为提高城市数字金融使用深度和覆盖广度以及增强企业数字化转型关注度和资源投入,与企业数字化转型相比,城市数字金融所发挥的中介效应更显著;④进一步分析表明,“宽带中国”试点政策溢出效应明显,具体表现为上市公司总部对子公司绿色创新以及对邻近城市企业绿色创新的空间溢出效应。研究结论有助于丰富企业绿色创新影响因素研究,并为全面理解“宽带中国”试点政策赋能机理以及新一代信息基础设施建设提供参考。

Green Inefficiency for Regions in China

We used the directional output distance function to derive estimates of green inefficiency, shadow prices, and waste costs of three wastes (waste water, waste gas, and solid waste) for thirty regions in China during the 1996-2003 periods. There is an upward trend in green inefficiency in Chinese regions from 1996 to 2003. The green inefficiency score in west area is the lowest but in central and east areas are higher. The costs of wastes have an upward trend in east and central areas but downward trend in west area in the last two observation years.

美好生活视域下生态公平的三维价值意蕴

美好生活与生态公平的价值关系体现为良好生态环境是美好生活的必要前提,生态公平是美好生活的价值基础,美好生活需要是实现生态公平的内在动力。立足美好生活视角,生态公平要坚持“以人民为中心”的主体性原则,“生态价值”与“经济价值”辩证结合原则及合规律性与合目的性有机统一原则。生态公平以美丽中国建设促进种际生态公平,以绿色发展实现代际生态公平,以人类命运共同体实现代内生态公平为价值旨归。

品质时代“中国好房子”与非价格竞争

品质时代居民住房需求已经从“有没有”转向“好不好”,传统的“压缩生产成本+缩短生产周期”的价格竞争方式是一种逐底竞争行为,难以为继。本文在抽样调查分析1995—2005年出生人口住房需求偏好的基础上,讨论了品质时代“中国好房子”的基本特征,并从成本和需求弹性两个视角,实证估计了某些基本特征的市场价值,最后提出了加快建造“中国好房子”的有关政策建议。