Study on the efficiency and regional disparity of green technology innovation in China's industrial companies

This paper first constructed a system to evaluate the innovation efficiency of industrial companies within China's Mainland.Then,a principal component analysis(PCA) was performed to these indicators for dimensionality reduction,so as to figure out the technology innovation efficiency in these two phases,respectively.Finally,the overall efficiency of industrial companies in different regions was estimated and factorized via data envelopment analysis(DEA).The results showed that:(1)the efficiency of green technology innovation of industrial companies in China was relatively low as a whole,which mainly resulted from pure technical efficiency(PTE).Further,this huge gap continues to expand in these regions.And both PTE and scale efficiency(SE) in central and western regions leave much to be expected.(2)In the first phase of green technology development,when environmental factors were concerned,the efficiency was much lower than that without environmental considerations.Besides,the central and western regions were facing increasingly severe environmental problems,and there was a wide disparity in technology development efficiency among eastern,central,and western regions.(3)In the second phase of green technology commercialization,there were still more rooms for improvement in raising the efficiency of green technology innovation,and the efficiency in eastern,central,and western regions was ranked from highest to lowest.(4)Liaoning,Hebei,Heilongjiang,Xinjiang,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Yunnan,and Qinghai should focus on improving their technology;Jilin,Jiangxi,Anhui,and Guangxi should make their efforts to reduce resource redundancy;whereas Ningxia and Gansu should try to solve the above two issues.

Research on the Low-carbon-high-value Agriculture Technology in the Comprehensive Improvement of Intra-county Environment Pollution——Taking the Development of Cultivation and Breeding Industry in the Ecological Cyclic Agricultural Garden in Shaoshan Irri

The comprehensive improvement strategy of intra-county environment pollution in the city and countryside was searched.By the research method which combined the microscopic view,the macroscopic view with the dynamic perspective,the seriousness of rural water quality,soil and atmospheric pollution in Xiangxiang,Xiangtan and the surrounding areas in Shaoshan irrigated area was revealed.The control measure which was 'four-dimensional pollution in the city and countryside'—— low-carbon-high-value agriculture and the technology innovation was proposed.The low-carbon-high-value technology innovation industrialization demonstration in three parts which included the pre-production,mid-production and post-production deep-processing of cultivation and breeding industry in the ecological cyclic agricultural garden in Shaoshan irrigated area was the driving force.We tried to propel the low-carbon ecological cultivation and breeding industry which included the paddy rice,grass,tree,medicinal herbs and pig,cow,chick,duck,fish.We wanted to relieve the structural unbalance of previous cultivation and breeding industry,'cheap grain hurting the farmers' and the short-leg problem of social-economic-ecological benefit.The results showed that the low-carbon-high-value agricultural system was a poly-generation technology system which promoted the multi-level and grading utilization,saved the energy,reduced the consumption and cleaned the production based on the ecology.

Reduction effect of carbon emission and optimisation path of green finance

Under the background of"dual-carbon",green finance is an important way to promote carbon emission reduction and realize the development of a low-carbon economy.Using provincial panel data from 2000 to 2020,this paper constructs a basic regression model to study the"carbon reduction"effect,mechanism of action,and heterogeneity of green finance.The study finds that:the development of green finance significantly inhibits carbon emissions and has an obvious"carbon reduction"effect;green technology innovation has a mediating effect on the carbon emission reduction effect of green finance;in regions with a high level of economic development or a high degree of marketization,the"carbon reduction"effect of green finance is significant.

Low-carbon technology innovation responding to climate change from the perspective of spatial spillover effects

China's technological efforts to tackle climate change have lasted for many years. It is necessary to test the effect of these efforts with quantitative method. To be exact, whether and how China's low-carbon technology innovation responds to climate change should be tested. Based on the2004-2015 panel data of 30 provinces in China, we use the method of ESDA analyzing the spatial correlation of China's low-carbon innovation technology. Furthermore, we use the spatial Durbin model empirically analyzing the spatial spillover effects. The results obtained are as follows: first,supply and demand of Chinese low-carbon innovation has some deviation in the spatial distribution. The low-carbon technology innovation as the supply factor shows the characteristics of expanding from the east to the west. Innovation in eastern China has always been the most active, but innovative activities in the middle and western China are gradually decreased.However, carbon emissions have the characteristics of moving westward, implying the change of technology demand different from technology supply. Second, China's low-carbon innovation actively responds to the trend of climate change, indicating China's technological efforts have paid off. However, the spatial spillover effects are not significant, showing that the efforts in each region of China still work for himself. Third, environmental regulation and market pull are important factors for low-carbon technology innovation. Among them, both supporting policy and inhibitory policy have significant impact on the local low-carbon technology innovation, but no significant spatial spillover effects. It shows that environmental policies in different regions are competitive and lack of demonstration effects. Economic growth and export as market pull have higher level of effect on low-carbon technology innovation for both local and adjacent areas.Some policy implications are proposed based on these results finally.

Interpretation of Low-carbon City Planning and Design——A Case Study of Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community

It is an important and unique approach of achieving sustainable urban development to save and use energy intensively, reduce carbon emission, and take the low-carbon development road. Taking Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community for example, this paper introduced planning measures for building a low-carbon city, including building a green network, compound utilization of urban spaces, establishing green transportation, using renewable resources, development of green architecture, so as to provide references for the future researches on the low-carbon urban development.

Influence of technological innovation on regional green development efficiency in China(2004-2017):An empirical analysis based on the spatial Durbin model

Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In this paper,the green development efficiency of 30 provinces(cities and districts)in China from 2004 to 2017 is measured and its intertemporal changes,regional differences of green development efficiency are analyzed by using the super efficiency SBM model,further through theoretical analysis and empirical study,the influence of technological innovation on regional green development efficiency and its impact mechanism are investigated.The influence mechanisms of the technological innovation on green development efficiency are clarified and empirically tested by spatial econometric models from the perspectives of the growth sources and quantitative analysis.The results show that during the observation period,the green development efficiency in China exhibits a U-shaped variation,but there are huge regional differences with the obvious polarization in Eastern and Midwestern regions,and that technological innovation has some effect in promoting the regional green development efficiency,but not significant enough,which are heterogeneous according to the time periods and regions.

Research on the Development of Low-carbon Industry Based on Technological Innovation Mechanism:A Case Study of Ethnic Regions

Technological innovation and technological innovation system were introduced firstly,and then low-carbon economy and low-carbon industry were analyzed. Finally,the SWOT analysis of development of low-carbon industry in ethnic areas of China was conducted,and the innovation mechanism and path selection for the development of low-carbon industry in ethnic areas were analyzed.

Can the low-carbon city pilot policy promote the upgrading of high-carbon emitting enterprises? Evidence from China

As a crucial environmental reform system to realize“carbon peaking”and“carbon neutrality”,the pilot policy of low-carbon cities(LCCs)puts pressure and challenges on high-carbon emitting enterprises(HCEEs)while providing opportunities for these firms to take the path of independent transformation.Employing the data of Chinese listed enterprises from 2006 to 2016 and adopting a difference-in-differences(DID)model,we evaluated the impact of LCC construction on the upgrading of HCEEs and its mechanisms.The results indicate that LCC construction enhances the upgrading of HCEEs in the pilot cities.The conclusions remain stable after a series of robustness tests.The mechanism analysis reveals that LCC construction triggers the upgrading of HCEEs by promoting resource allocation efficiency,R&D investment,and green technology innovation.The heterogeneity results indicate that this positive effect is more pronounced for HCEEs in regions with more stringent environmental law enforcement.This study also observes that the upgrading impact is more promi‐nent for state-owned enterprises,enterprises with higher bargaining power,and enterprises whose managers have a long-term vision.The above results provide directions for upgrading HCEEs and replicable evidence for cities in developing economies to fulfill the win-win target of environmental protection and economic transfor‐mation.

The role of technological innovation,carbon finance,green energy,environmental awareness and urbanization towards carbon neutrality:Evidence from novel CUP-FM CUP-BC estimations

After COP21,various economies start putting efforts to fulfill the pledge and achieve carbon neutrality.By doing so,scholars highlight several essential factors that can curb carbon emissions.In this lieu,the current study analyzes the role of technological innovation,carbon finance,environmental awareness,urbanization,and green energy like renewable energy consumption(REC)and renewable energy output(REO)on carbon neutrality in E7 countries covering the time span of 2006-2020.By employing CUP-FM and CUP-BC,it is revealed that technological innovation,carbon finance,environmental awareness,urbanization,REC,and REO have a positive connection with carbon neutrality in E7 countries.The study provides guidelines to the policymakers in developing policies regarding to obtain carbon neutrality using technological innovation,carbon finance,environmental awareness,and green energy.

Do smart city policies improve energy efficiency?Evidence from China

To address air pollution and offer a convenient and comfortable living environment,the Chinese government launched a smart city pilot(SCP)project in 2012,accompanied by a comprehensive set of environmental and energy-related laws and regulations.Although academic interest in smart cities has surged,there remains a notable gap in empirical research exploring the economic,environmental,and energy effects of such initiatives.Taking 232 prefecture-level cities from 2003 to 2017 as research subjects,this study measures energy effi‐ciency by using energy consumption per unit of GDP and adopts a difference-in-differences(DID)analysis to investigate the impact of SCPs on energy efficiency.The empirical results indicate that SCPs improved energy efficiency by promoting urban technological innovation capabilities and green total factor productivity,and this effect was more pronounced in cities that were more dependent on traditional fossil fuel energy sources and had more developed fiscal and financial levels.Studying the impact of smart city construction on energy utilization efficiency in developing countries,such as China,is not only significantly enlightening for China’s green and low-carbon transition but also provides reference opinions for constructing smart cities and the path to enhancing energy efficiency in other developing countries.The findings provide valuable insights into the global development of smart cities,urban sustainability,and high-quality economic growth.

Digital Transformation and Green Technology Innovation in Manufacturing Enterprises: A Study Based on Big Data Text Mining

Digital transformation serves as a new driving force and engine for enterprise innovation.Meanwhile,the national strategy of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality has set new goals and requirements for the green development of the Chinese manufacturing industry.From the three-dimensional perspective of"strategy-resource-institution,"this paper explores the impact and mechanism of digital transformation on green technology innovation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises and the heterogeneous impact of the institutional logic of ownership structure.Using a sample of 1,016 A-share listed manufacturing companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2011 to 2019 and based on big data text mining and a negative binomial regression model,this study finds that:(1)Digital strategy significantly enhances green technology innovation capability of enterprises;(2)digital resource investment partially mediates the effect of digital strategy on the enhancement of green technology innovation capability;and(3)the ownership structure of enterprises plays a moderating role in the mediating relationship mentioned above.Specifically,compared to state-owned enterprises(SOEs),non-state-owned enterprises(NsOEs)show no significant difference in the stages where digital strategy promotes green technology innovation and guides digital resource investment.However,they demonstrate higher efficiency in transforming digital resource investment into green technology innovation.The robustness test indicates that the significant effect of digital strategy and resource investment on green technology innovation in enterprises remains valid in the medium term,with a continuous enabling effect.There is no significant difference between SOEs and NsOEs in the medium and long term in promoting green technology innovation through digital transformation.Further,introducing keyword text networks to explore the structural impact of digital strategy,this study finds that digital product and manufacturing strategy are adequate strategic dimensions to enhance green technology innovation capability,and digital financial strategy and digital marketing strategy have no direct promoting effect on green technology innovation of enterprises.From the perspectives of strategies,resources,and institutions,the research findings elucidate the process mechanisms of digital acceleration in the green transformation of manufacturing and the heterogeneous effect of ownership structure and provide critical theoretical insights into the role mechanisms and contextual factors of digitalization on green innovation in manufacturing enterprises.Moreover,this study offers scientific decision-making support for incentivizing the manufacturing industry to seize the opportunities of industrial digitalization and accelerate carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Thoughts and Prospects for Promoting Energy-Saving and Carbon Footprint Reduction in the Non-Ferrous Metal Industry

As the upstream of high-energy consumption industries such as metallurgy and chemical enterprises, the “carbon neutrality” ability of mining and mining enterprises can have a strong influence on the progress of China’s non-ferrous metal industry to achieve the “double carbon” goal. According to the Global Mining Development Report 2021, although mining occupies an important position in global economic development, it also accounts for 4% to 7% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, as an important part of promoting China’s economic development and energy structure transformation, mining will also face scale adjustment. By investigating and studying the carbon emission sources of mining enterprises at the current stage at home and abroad, the carbon neutrality method that has been implemented in mines, and the future low-carbon technologies to be developed, this paper provides the thoughts and prospects for promoting the development of green mines, as well as the reference value for the transformation of China’s mining industry.

The role of green industrial transformation in mitigating carbon emissions:Exploring the channels of technological innovation and environmental regulation

The industrial sector is vital to economic progress,yet industrial pollution poses environmental and economic concerns.The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of green industrial transformation in re-ducing Pakistan’s carbon intensity between 1975 and 2020.Carbon emissions are considered an endogenous construct,while foreign direct investment(FDI)inflows,technological innovation,green industrial transforma-tion,environmental legislation,and research and development(R&D)investment are possible mediators.The association between variables is assessed using the robust least-squares approach.Green industrial transforma-tion is connected with lower carbon emissions,yet technical innovation,R&D investment,and inbound FDI raise a country’s carbon emissions.The findings support the pollution haven hypothesis in a country.The causality esti-mates indicate that inward FDI contributes to environmental regulations;green industrial transformation directly relates to inbound FDI and R&D expenditures;and technological innovations correspond to inbound FDI,R&D ex-penditures,industrial ecofriendly progression,and environmental standards.According to the impulse response function,environmental policies are anticipated to have a differential effect on carbon emissions in 2023,2024,2028-2030,while they are likely to decrease in the years 2025-2027 and 2031 forward.Additionally,inward FDI and technology advancements would almost certainly result in a rise in carbon emissions over time.Green industrial transitions are projected to result in a ten-year reduction in carbon emissions.The variance decomposi-tion analysis indicates that eco-friendly industrial adaptations would likely have the largest variance error shock on carbon emissions(11.747%),followed by inbound FDI,technological advancements,and regulatory changes,with R&D spending having a minimal impact over time.Pakistan’s economy should foster a green industrial revolution to avoid pollution and increase environmental sustainability to meet its environmental goals.

Research on the Impact of Digital Finance on Energy Efficiency in China

Digital finance and green technology innovation(GTI)serve as powerful engines for promoting energy efficiency(EE)and economic development.This paper explores the mechanism by which digital finance impacts EE based on panel data from 30 provinces in China spanning from 2011 to 2019.The results demonstrate that digital finance can significantly enhance EE,with a particularly pronounced effect in the eastern region.Through mechanistic analysis,it is evident that GTI serves as the transmission pathway through which digital finance influences EE,accounting for 45.3%of the effect.The policy implication of this study suggests that China should expedite the digitization of financial markets to further harness the development of digital finance,particularly in pursuit of its technological innovation and green,lowcarbon environmental protection effects.

数字经济赋能区域低碳发展:影响效应与作用机制

数字经济是重塑区域经济的重要驱动力量,厘清其赋能区域低碳发展的作用机制具有重要意义。基于2011—2021年中国省域面板数据,在测度数字经济与区域全要素碳生产率的基础上,实证研究了数字经济对区域全要素碳生产率的影响及作用机制。研究发现:数字经济发展能够显著提升区域低碳经济,一系列稳健性检验表明该结论成立;异质性检验表明,数字经济对中国东、中部地区低碳经济具有显著促进作用,且东部地区数字经济的影响效应明显高于中部地区,而西部地区的数字经济对低碳经济出现“负能”效应,区域经济发展水平和数字化发展水平越高,数字经济赋能区域低碳经济发展的效果越显著;数字经济的发展有利于提升区域绿色技术创新能力、经济集聚水平和数字基础设施建设水平,三者在数字经济赋能区域低碳经济的过程中起到中介作用。地方政府应因地制宜加强数字化基础设施建设并多维度弥合区域数字鸿沟,同时发挥绿色技术进步与经济集聚的桥梁纽带作用,融通数字经济赋能区域低碳发展的传导路径。

数字化转型赋能企业绿色技术创新的影响研究——基于中国上市公司的经验数据

在“双碳”目标背景下,企业通过数字化转型推动绿色技术创新,这不仅关乎其自身生存发展,也是促进中国经济可持续发展的微观基础。本文基于2009~2023年沪深A股上市公司数据,实证检验数字化转型对企业绿色技术创新的影响。研究发现:(1)数字化转型有助于提升企业绿色技术创新水平,且估计结果十分稳健;(2)数字化转型通过增强内部能力、提高外部市场关注和增加政府补贴促进企业绿色技术创新;(3)异质性分析表明,在国有企业和环境规制强度高的区域,数字化转型对企业绿色技术创新的推动作用更为显著。本文为理解数字化转型赋能企业绿色技术创新提供经验证据,并为我国推动数字化转型以促进经济可持续发展提供理论和实践参考。

绿色金融、碳排放约束与能源技术创新

能源技术创新是实现全球长期可持续发展以及“双碳”目标的重要途径。基于2010—2019年全国30个省份的面板数据,构建固定效应模型与调节效应模型实证分析绿色金融对能源技术创新的影响与作用机制,结果表明:(1)绿色金融能够显著促进能源领域的技术创新,并且绿色金融与碳排放约束之间的协同互补效应也对能源技术创新具有正向影响,经过一系列稳健性检验后结论依然成立。(2)机制分析表明,资本深化在绿色金融影响能源技术创新的过程中发挥负向调节作用,即资本深化削弱了绿色金融对于能源技术创新的积极作用。(3)异质性分析结果显示,绿色金融对能源技术创新的作用存在显著的区域差异,其中绿色金融在中西部地区的促进效果明显优于东部地区。该研究为完善绿色金融对能源技术创新的影响提供了理论依据与经验证据,从而为绿色金融更好服务于能源领域的转型发展提供有益启示。

数字化转型对企业碳绩效的影响——基于绿色技术创新的中介作用

随着数字技术快速发展,数字化转型逐渐成为企业实现绿色低碳发展的重要推动力。本文基于2013~2022年沪深A股上市制造业企业数据,实证检验数字化转型对企业碳绩效的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)数字化转型能够显著提升企业碳绩效,数字化转型程度每提高1%,企业碳绩效水平将提升0.013%;(2)中介效应检验表明,数字化转型通过促进绿色技术创新改善企业碳绩效;(3)调节效应检验表明,行业竞争正向调节企业数字化与碳绩效的关系;(4)异质性分析表明,重污染、低融资约束和高研发投入企业进行数字化转型对于企业碳绩效的促进作用更显著。这些发现有助于加深对企业数字化转型的理解,并为如何提高制造业企业的碳绩效提供了理论参考和实证经验。

碳排放权交易对建筑业绿色发展水平的影响

“双碳”目标下,碳排放权交易政策作为市场激励型环境规制的重要手段,对各行业的低碳发展有着重要意义。基于2007—2021年中国各省份、直辖市的面板数据,采用多期双重差分法实证分析了碳排放权交易政策对建筑业绿色发展水平的影响。结果表明:实施碳排放权交易政策可显著提升建筑业绿色发展水平,这一提升可通过技术创新、建筑业能源结构转型等作用机制实现,其中介效应值为0.015和0.046。鉴于此,需建立更完善的碳排放权交易体系、更明确的交易规则和市场机制,以实现建筑业绿色发展。

Does enterprise digitization reduce carbon emissions? Evidence from China

The digital transformation and expansion of businesses will provide China’s low-carbon economic develop‐ment strategy with fresh impetus in the backdrop of the emerging digital economy and environmentally friendly growth.This article measures the level of enterprise digitization using two methods:the enterprise digitization index and text analysis word frequency statistics.Additionally,carbon emissions are obtained by measuring various types of emissions according to the carbon emission classification range standard.To ac‐count for endogeneity and unobservable variables,relative indicators,such as the rate of increase for company emissions of carbon,are utilized.Using microdata from Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2021,this study ex‐amines the implications of corporate digitization on enterprise carbon emissions.This study further analyzes the transmission mechanism and investigates the function of green finance in controlling corporate digitiza‐tion and reducing corporate carbon emissions by distinguishing between two types of green patents.Research shows that businesses’carbon emissions are greatly reduced as a consequence of getting digital.Even after performing several robustness and endogeneity tests,the conclusion still remains valid.According to mecha‐nism analysis,which demonstrates that the main strategy for reducing corporate emissions of carbon through the digitalization of enterprises is to promote innovation in green technology.The regulation of green finance in enterprise digitalization will further reduce corporate carbon emissions.According to the analysis of hetero‐geneity,state-owned businesses and those situated in areas with stringent environmental regulations are more significantly impacted by enterprise digitization on corporate carbon emissions.This article discusses the mechanism of promoting corporate carbon emissions through digitalization,expands on relevant research on corporate digitalization,and analyzes the achievable paths of corporate digitalization and low-carbon develop‐ment strategies.