The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED)for New Construction and Major Renovations v3(NC)and LEED for Existing Buildings:Operations and Maintenance v3(EB)schemes were studied to examine the application ...The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED)for New Construction and Major Renovations v3(NC)and LEED for Existing Buildings:Operations and Maintenance v3(EB)schemes were studied to examine the application of the shearing layer concept to green buildings.The manners in which(i)rating systems in their current configurations and(ii)certified projects in their practical applications treated the long life-expectances in buildings and short life-expectancies in systems were questioned.To maximally reduce nondemonic intrusion,we studied only those states in the United States in which statistically viable numbers of projects had been completed in 2016.A two-way mixed analysis of variance(ANOVA)model was used to evaluate the interaction between two types of buildings(i.e.,NC vs EB)and two sets of sub-layers(i.e.,Site,Structure,and Skin from the Building layer and Services,Space Plane,and Stuff from the Service layer).The discrepancy in the case of a new building and the similarity in the case of a renovated building between rating schemes and certified projects were revealed:(i)the NC rating scheme prefers to emphasize the Service layer(SL),whereas newly constructed projects prefer to emphasize the Building layer(BL)due to the high performance of the Site and Structure sub-layers;(ii)the EB rating scheme prefers to emphasize the Service layer,as do renovated building projects,due to the high performance of the Stuff sub-layer.展开更多
LEED Canada for Existing Buildings:Operations and Maintenance(LEED Canada EB:O&M)and Building Owners and Managers Association’s Building Environmental Standards(BOMA BESt)are complex green rating systems that off...LEED Canada for Existing Buildings:Operations and Maintenance(LEED Canada EB:O&M)and Building Owners and Managers Association’s Building Environmental Standards(BOMA BESt)are complex green rating systems that offer owners,managers,consultants,and tenants distinct value propositions for existing buildings.Upon close examination,significant variations between the systems are evident in certification process,cost,rigor,engagement,marketing,accessibility,transparency,management,and program philosophy.Despite the many differences between the systems,they are often seen to be complementary programs and are sometimes used in tandem for the same building.This paper reports on a survey of the industry perceptions of the value and strengths of the LEED Canada EB:O&M and BOMA BESt rating systems with respect to the above criteria.As a result of the fundamentally different nature of the programs,preferences for LEED Canada EB:O&M and BOMA BESt are determined by stakeholder values and the programs are used for a variety of reasons.展开更多
There are five different publications that establish guidelines for sustainable building development that are examined in this report:(1)Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(“LEED”);(2)CalGreen;(3)the Inter...There are five different publications that establish guidelines for sustainable building development that are examined in this report:(1)Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(“LEED”);(2)CalGreen;(3)the International Green Construction Code(“IGCC”);(4)ASHRAE Standard 189.1(“Standard 189.1”);and(5)The San Francisco’s Green Building Ordinance(“SFGBO”).Having multiple publications can cause confusion among building developers,architects,engineers,building consultants,or various jurisdictions on what publication to follow,use,or reference in building development projects.This article will provide various parties involved in building development a thorough understanding of each publication and the similarities or differences between them,which will ultimately assist in identifying areas for all publications to improve.Specifically,this article demonstrates that the Material and Energy sections for all the publications must advance beyond the current requirements.Also,the comparison validates that CalGreen’s Tier 2 is similar to LEED’s local ordinances,like the SFGBO.This may mean two things:(1)LEED will need to advance its gold or platinum certification requirements,or potentially become less relevant;or(2)local ordinances should reference or adopt CalGreen Tier 2 so that there is common language between local and state regulations.This article identifies that LEED has the most stringent guidelines under the Building Site section out of all the publications.Likewise,the IGCC and Standard 189.1 have provisions under the Water Use section,that goes beyond other publications.Additionally,similar language between LEED and Standard 189.1 was found,which was unsurprising as both publications are authored by the USGBC.展开更多
介绍了我国《绿色建筑评价标准》与LEED(Leadership in Energy and Environment Design)即美国能源与环境设计先锋奖评定标准中,关于雨洪控制利用的评定内容,对两套标准关于雨洪控制利用的理念及具体评价条文差别进行了比较分析,并剖析...介绍了我国《绿色建筑评价标准》与LEED(Leadership in Energy and Environment Design)即美国能源与环境设计先锋奖评定标准中,关于雨洪控制利用的评定内容,对两套标准关于雨洪控制利用的理念及具体评价条文差别进行了比较分析,并剖析了产生这些不同的深层次原因。简要比较了两套标准背后关于雨洪控制利用的支撑技术体系,为我国更好地推行绿色建筑和科学地实施城市雨洪控制利用提供一些启示和参考。最后对我国在实施《绿色建筑评价标准》和推行"绿色"理念中如何更好地实施城市雨洪控制利用提出一些建议。展开更多
能源与环境先锋LEED奖(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)广泛应用于世界范围内的可持续建筑评价,该评价奖项需要设计师基于对建筑形体、材料、环境以及MEP系统等方面深入分析的基础上才能获得。建筑信息模型(BIM,Build...能源与环境先锋LEED奖(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)广泛应用于世界范围内的可持续建筑评价,该评价奖项需要设计师基于对建筑形体、材料、环境以及MEP系统等方面深入分析的基础上才能获得。建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)作为能够集成多学科信息于一个模型中的技术,创造了准确、高效获取上述资料信息的途径。因此,本文基于对LEED评级体系和基于BIM的可持续建筑评价的研究,深入探讨了BIM应用于建设项目可持续评价的优势,进而提出建立一个BIM-LEED概念框架体系,并通过上海市盘古馨苑住宅项目验证了该框架的合理性和实用性。该项研究的结果表明,LEED认证所需的文档资料可以借助于BIM相关软件,以直接或间接的方式获得,简化了LEED认证过程,相较于传统的认证方式节约了大量的时间和资源。展开更多
LEED for Homes是美国市场化程度较高的成熟的绿色建筑评价体系——LEED体系中专业评价新建居住建筑物的版本。本文通过对2008年1月发布的LEED for Homes正式版本中评价方法、质量管理和评价流程的分析研究,总结了其成功经验,得...LEED for Homes是美国市场化程度较高的成熟的绿色建筑评价体系——LEED体系中专业评价新建居住建筑物的版本。本文通过对2008年1月发布的LEED for Homes正式版本中评价方法、质量管理和评价流程的分析研究,总结了其成功经验,得出对我国城镇可持续发展人居工程评价的启示。展开更多
文摘The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED)for New Construction and Major Renovations v3(NC)and LEED for Existing Buildings:Operations and Maintenance v3(EB)schemes were studied to examine the application of the shearing layer concept to green buildings.The manners in which(i)rating systems in their current configurations and(ii)certified projects in their practical applications treated the long life-expectances in buildings and short life-expectancies in systems were questioned.To maximally reduce nondemonic intrusion,we studied only those states in the United States in which statistically viable numbers of projects had been completed in 2016.A two-way mixed analysis of variance(ANOVA)model was used to evaluate the interaction between two types of buildings(i.e.,NC vs EB)and two sets of sub-layers(i.e.,Site,Structure,and Skin from the Building layer and Services,Space Plane,and Stuff from the Service layer).The discrepancy in the case of a new building and the similarity in the case of a renovated building between rating schemes and certified projects were revealed:(i)the NC rating scheme prefers to emphasize the Service layer(SL),whereas newly constructed projects prefer to emphasize the Building layer(BL)due to the high performance of the Site and Structure sub-layers;(ii)the EB rating scheme prefers to emphasize the Service layer,as do renovated building projects,due to the high performance of the Stuff sub-layer.
文摘LEED Canada for Existing Buildings:Operations and Maintenance(LEED Canada EB:O&M)and Building Owners and Managers Association’s Building Environmental Standards(BOMA BESt)are complex green rating systems that offer owners,managers,consultants,and tenants distinct value propositions for existing buildings.Upon close examination,significant variations between the systems are evident in certification process,cost,rigor,engagement,marketing,accessibility,transparency,management,and program philosophy.Despite the many differences between the systems,they are often seen to be complementary programs and are sometimes used in tandem for the same building.This paper reports on a survey of the industry perceptions of the value and strengths of the LEED Canada EB:O&M and BOMA BESt rating systems with respect to the above criteria.As a result of the fundamentally different nature of the programs,preferences for LEED Canada EB:O&M and BOMA BESt are determined by stakeholder values and the programs are used for a variety of reasons.
文摘There are five different publications that establish guidelines for sustainable building development that are examined in this report:(1)Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(“LEED”);(2)CalGreen;(3)the International Green Construction Code(“IGCC”);(4)ASHRAE Standard 189.1(“Standard 189.1”);and(5)The San Francisco’s Green Building Ordinance(“SFGBO”).Having multiple publications can cause confusion among building developers,architects,engineers,building consultants,or various jurisdictions on what publication to follow,use,or reference in building development projects.This article will provide various parties involved in building development a thorough understanding of each publication and the similarities or differences between them,which will ultimately assist in identifying areas for all publications to improve.Specifically,this article demonstrates that the Material and Energy sections for all the publications must advance beyond the current requirements.Also,the comparison validates that CalGreen’s Tier 2 is similar to LEED’s local ordinances,like the SFGBO.This may mean two things:(1)LEED will need to advance its gold or platinum certification requirements,or potentially become less relevant;or(2)local ordinances should reference or adopt CalGreen Tier 2 so that there is common language between local and state regulations.This article identifies that LEED has the most stringent guidelines under the Building Site section out of all the publications.Likewise,the IGCC and Standard 189.1 have provisions under the Water Use section,that goes beyond other publications.Additionally,similar language between LEED and Standard 189.1 was found,which was unsurprising as both publications are authored by the USGBC.
文摘介绍了我国《绿色建筑评价标准》与LEED(Leadership in Energy and Environment Design)即美国能源与环境设计先锋奖评定标准中,关于雨洪控制利用的评定内容,对两套标准关于雨洪控制利用的理念及具体评价条文差别进行了比较分析,并剖析了产生这些不同的深层次原因。简要比较了两套标准背后关于雨洪控制利用的支撑技术体系,为我国更好地推行绿色建筑和科学地实施城市雨洪控制利用提供一些启示和参考。最后对我国在实施《绿色建筑评价标准》和推行"绿色"理念中如何更好地实施城市雨洪控制利用提出一些建议。
文摘能源与环境先锋LEED奖(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)广泛应用于世界范围内的可持续建筑评价,该评价奖项需要设计师基于对建筑形体、材料、环境以及MEP系统等方面深入分析的基础上才能获得。建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)作为能够集成多学科信息于一个模型中的技术,创造了准确、高效获取上述资料信息的途径。因此,本文基于对LEED评级体系和基于BIM的可持续建筑评价的研究,深入探讨了BIM应用于建设项目可持续评价的优势,进而提出建立一个BIM-LEED概念框架体系,并通过上海市盘古馨苑住宅项目验证了该框架的合理性和实用性。该项研究的结果表明,LEED认证所需的文档资料可以借助于BIM相关软件,以直接或间接的方式获得,简化了LEED认证过程,相较于传统的认证方式节约了大量的时间和资源。
