Research on the Impact of China’s Foreign Trade Technology Spillover on Green Total Factor Productivity of Countries Along the“Belt and Road”:Based on the Institutional Quality Threshold Effect

China’s growing trade with countries along the“Belt and Road”Initiative is accompanied by a focus on green development.Based on the panel data from 2007 to 2018,this paper establishes a threshold regression model to empirically analyze the institutional quality threshold effect of China’s foreign trade technology spillover on the GTFP of countries along the“Belt and Road.”The results show that China’s foreign trade technology spillover has a significant institutional quality double threshold effect on the green total factor productivity of the countries along the“Belt and Road.”As the institutional quality of the countries along the“Belt and Road”crosses a specific threshold value,the impact of China’s foreign trade technology spillover on the green total factor productivity of the countries along the“Belt and Road”has a significant positive promoting effect,and corresponding suggestions are put forward.

Does innovative city pilot policy promote urban green growth in China?An analysis of green total factor productivity,2005-2020

The innovative city pilot policy(ICPP)is an essential manifestation of China’s construction of an innovative and green-driven development country.We incorporated urban green total factor productivity(GTFP)growth into the evaluation of ICPP.Based on the panel data of 223 cities in China from 2005 to 2020,we used the difference-in-differences model to empirically assess the influence and mechanism of the ICPP on urban GTFP growth.The main results show that(i)The ICPP has maintained an effectively fluctuating promotion on urban GTFP growth,mainly manifested in the urban green technological progress improvement.(ii)The ICPP has urban heterogeneity in promoting GTFP growth in pilot cities,mainly affecting key cities such as provincial capitals.(iii)The interaction between the agglomeration of producer services and the ICPP inhibits GTFP growth in pilot cities.

Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Green Finance and Technological Progress on Total Factor Productivity in China’s Industrial Sector

The enhancement of industrial green total factor productivity is pivotal for achieving high-quality and sustainable economic development.This study assesses China’s performance using the SBM-GML model,employing province-level panel data spanning from 2004 to 2020.Furthermore,we examine the influence of green finance and technological progress on industrial green total factor productivity using a spatial econometric model.The findings uncover that the relationship between the level of green financial development and industrial green total factor productivity follows a U-shaped curve.Initially,low levels of green financial development exert a suppressive effect on industrial green total factor productivity,proving ineffective in the short term.However,with the progression of green finance development,a positive and significant long-term impact on industrial green total factor productivity emerges.Moreover,technological progress demonstrates a noteworthy promotional effect on industrial green total factor productivity.The analysis delves deeper into revealing that industrial structure and environmental regulation intensity exhibit a significant negative relationship with industrial green total factor productivity.In contrast,both energy structure and education level showcase a substantial positive relationship with industrial green total factor productivity.

The impact of market coordination on urban green total factor productivity:An analysis of the mediating effect of factor misallocation

Promoting market coordination and enhancing the efficiency of green growth is a necessity for China’s effective economic development.Using panel data from 2007 to 2020,this paper conducts a comprehensive study on 226 cities at the prefecture-level and above,combining theoretical analysis and empirical tests to systematically explore the impact of market cohesion on urban green total factor productivity(GTPF)and the mediating role of factor mismatch.Findings demonstrate that market coordination maximizes urban GTPF.At the mechanism level,factor mismatch plays a mediating role,and market coordination can enhance GTPF by addressing capital and labor mismatch.In terms of heterogeneity analysis,market coordination significantly promotes GTPF positively in the east-central region and negatively in the western region.In terms of technological progress and technical efficiency,the eastern region shows a larger significance than the central and western regions combined.In view of the above,the concept of market coordination development has been implemented to promote GTFP in cities.

Technical Components of Total Factor Productivity Growth in Malaysian Manufacturing Industry

This article attempts to disaggregate and explore the components of TFP growth that contribute to changes in output, scale of production, and allocative efficiency and technical efficiency of the Malaysian manufacturing sector. The total factor productivity (TFP) concept defined as total output per unit of all inputs used in the production of an industry has gained a prominent place in academia. The investigation on TFP growth is obviously useful for identifying sources of output growth in the development of an industry. The TFP growth is often interchangeably understood as the technical progress or changes in technology as the sole contributor to economic development. Nonetheless there are other factors contributing to its substance. Knowledge on these technical changes would help decision makers to realize the strengths and weaknesses that contribute to the growth and development of an industry. Alternatively this research would be more beneficial in the case of cross-industry or cross-country comparative studies in order to plan for developmental goal. In such a case a model industry or country can be chosen that exhibits special growth features.

Dynamic analysis of spatial convergence of green total factor productivity in China's primary provinces along its Belt and Road Initiative

This paper focuses on China's primary provinces along its Belt and Road Initiative,measures and analyses the provincial green total factor productivity (GTFP) development by GML index based on SBM directional distance function,discusses the temporal evolution characteristics of spatial convergence of the provincial GTFP under multiple spatial weight matrices,and estimates the net effect of China's Belt and Road Initiative on the development gap of provincial GTFP by regression discontinuity.The research shows that the provincial GTFP is generally good while the internal gap is relatively large.There is spatial absolute βconvergence and condition βconvergence in provincial GTFP,and the convergence speed has been signifcantly accelerated since the construction of China's Belt and Road Initiative.The current low economy level and infrastructure allocation efficiency of primary provinces restrict the GTFP development,while government expenditure has promoted the GTFP development,trade between provinces and countries along China's Belt and Road Initiative is negative to GTFP.China's Belt and Road Initiative has significantly narrowed the gap of provincial GTFP development with the net effect of-0.016.

Growth in Total Factor Productivity of Shandong Province for Environmental Constraints

This paper analyzed the total factor productivity of Shandong Province and its impact on the local economic environment through Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index. The results of the paper were included as follows. Without consideration of the environmental constraints, Index M of the total factor productivity of Shandong Province from high to low was Heze, Jinan, Qingdao, Weihai, Dongying, Zaozhuang, Jining, Tai'an, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Yantai, Zibo, Weifang, Linyi, Binzhou, Rizhao, Laiwu, among which Index M of Linyi, Binzhou, Rizhao, Laiwuwere were less than 1; taking the environmental constraints into account, Index ML of the total factor productivity of Shandong Province was reduced, from high to low was Jinan, Qingdao, Weihai, Yantai, Heze, Liaocheng, Tai'an, Weifang, Jining, Linyi, Zibo, Dongying, Zaozhuang, Rizhao, Laiwu, Binzhou, Dezhou, among which Index ML of 9 cities behind Jining were less than 1. In terms of the development mode, Jinan, Qingdao, Tai'an, Weihai, Jining and Heze were resource-conserving and environment-friendly cities; Dongying and Zaozhuang were resourceconserving and environment-polluted cities; Liaocheng, Linyi, Weifang and Yantai were resource-wasted and environment-friendly cities; Binzhou, Dezhou, Laiwu, Rizhao and Zibo were resource-wasted and environment-pol uted cities.

Creative Industries Agglomeration,Regional Innovation and Productivity Growth in China

This paper falls into the broad area of economic geography and economics of creativity,and it presents an alternative approach to explain why total factor productivity(TFP)growth is different across China′s regions.It establishes an empirical model to estimate the spatial agglomeration effects of creative industries on regional TFP growth,using China′s provincial panel data during the period of 2003 to 2010.We found that the creative industries agglomeration(CIA)has significant and positive impact on regional TFP growth.The result also implies that the CIA can facilitate regional TFP growth through promoting regional innovation instead of improving regional efficiency.Therefore,we argue that policy makers should take some measures to retain and establish more creative zones.

Productivity Growth in China's Agriculture During 1985-2010

This paper made an empirical analysis of China＇s agricultural growth path and influential factors using the province-level panel data of agricultural inputs and outputs during 1985-2010.The findings indicate that the increase in agricultural inputs and TFP contributed 40.6 and 55.2% to the agricultural output growth,respectively;China＇s agriculture had jumped out of the pattern which output growth was mainly driven by increasing input.Of the total inputs,chemical fertilizer had the most important contribution to the output growth,followed by mechanical inputs.The contribution of land and labor was negative.China＇s agricultural output growth belonged to the type of induced technology innovation.China＇s agricultural TFP growth had characteristics of fluctuations over time and unbalanced between regions,but the gap between the eastern,the middle,and the western regions has been narrowed.

Transition from Demographic Dividend to Reform Dividend:——Simulation of China's Potential Growth Rate

Due to diminishing demographic dividend characterized by a falling workingage population and rising dependency ratio, China's long-term potential growth rates will keep declining, likely to be a mere 6.6% during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period(2016-2020). China's economic growth sustainability hinges upon its transition from the previous dependence on demographic dividend to the future reform dividend. In the growth accounting equation, we have simulated various reform initiatives and arrived at the following findings. First, although both the labor participation rate and TFP can increase China's potential growth rate, the former will only achieve a short-term growth effect, which will diminish in the long run. By contrast, the growth effect of TFP demonstrates the tendency of continuous increase. This further indicates that China's economic growth will increasingly rely on TFP improvement instead of traditional factor input. Second, different from the diminishing growth effect of enrolment rate, training may play a pivotal role in human capital development to significantly enhance potential growth rates. Third, if all reform initiatives can achieve their expected effects, integrated reform dividends may reach one or two percentage points of China's potential growth rate.

数字经济、绿色创新与企业绿色全要素生产率

文章从绿色创新视角切入,以2011—2022年中国沪深A股重污染行业上市公司为样本,实证考察了城市数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的影响效应和内在机制。研究发现:数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率具有显著的提升作用,且对国有性质和中小城市的重污染企业的促进作用更强;绿色创新是数字经济驱动重污染企业绿色生产的重要传导机制,但仅绿色发明专利申请量有中介效应,增加绿色实用新型专利不是数字经济提升重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的有效途径;数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的推动作用表现出边际效应递增的非线性特征,且两者之间的关系存在绿色创新的门槛约束,随着绿色发明专利和绿色实用新型专利申请量的增加,数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的促进作用分别表现出效应增强和效应减弱的非线性特征。

数字乡村建设、资源要素错配与农业绿色全要素生产率

数字乡村建设与农业绿色发展深度融合是推动农业高质量发展的新动力引擎。本文选取2011-2021年中国31个省级面板数据,构建数字乡村建设和农业绿色全要素生产率的评价体系,多维度分析数字乡村建设对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字乡村建设既可以直接促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升,也可以通过带动绿色技术进步而促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升,还可以通过降低土地资源错配、资本资源错配、劳动力资源错配程度而间接促进农业绿色全要素生产率。数字乡村建设对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响异质性明显,东部地区、南方、粮食主产区的数字乡村建设的正向推动作用较强。

金融科技能提升城市包容性绿色全要素生产率吗?

包容性绿色全要素生产率强调绿色发展、社会公平与经济增长协调并进,是判断城市经济发展质量的重要依据。本文以2011—2019年中国284个地级及以上城市的数据为样本,实证检验了金融科技对城市包容性绿色全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。研究发现,金融科技对城市包容性绿色全要素生产率具有明显的促进作用,主要表现在技术进步指数显著提升,这一结论在经过一系列内生性处理和稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析显示,金融科技能够通过促进绿色创新、增加环保投资以及激发创业活力提升城市包容性绿色全要素生产率。异质性分析表明,金融科技对包容性绿色全要素生产率的提升作用在人力资本水平、金融发展水平和基础设施水平较高的城市中更为明显。本文的研究为加快实现经济绿色发展和包容性增长的“双重红利”提供了重要的经验证据。

农产品贸易促进了中国农业绿色发展吗?——基于农业绿色全要素生产率视角

农业绿色全要素生产率的提高有助于农业绿色化转型与可持续性发展。基于2006—2020年中国30个省份数据,选择SBM-ML指数法,利用MaxDEA软件测算农业绿色全要素生产率,使用系统GMM模型与动态面板门槛模型实证检验农产品贸易对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:农产品贸易能够有效提升农业绿色全要素生产率并且其影响效应存在区域异质性,在东部地区较为显著;农产品贸易对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响存在地区经济发展水平的门槛效应,地区经济发展水平越高,农产品贸易对农业绿色化发展的正向溢出作用越明显。因此,各省份要推动农产品贸易的持续健康发展,政府应当依照地区贸易发展状况与经济发展水平因地制宜地制定有关农产品贸易政策,充分发挥农产品贸易的正向溢出作用,促进农业绿色发展。

数字普惠金融、企业全要素生产率与绿色创新

绿色创新是企业提升绩效获得持续发展的重要动力,数字普惠金融和企业全要素生产率对企业绿色创新具有重要影响。以2011—2021年A股上市公司为样本,运用面板回归模型检验数字普惠金融对企业绿色创新的影响。研究发现:数字普惠金融对企业绿色创新具有显著促进作用,特别是相对于非国有企业、低污染行业和东部地区企业而言,数字普惠金融对国有企业、高污染行业和中西部地区企业的绿色创新促进力度更大;此外,企业全要素生产率(TFP)是数字普惠金融对企业绿色创新影响的中介,发展数字普惠金融可以提高企业TFP,从而推动企业绿色创新;环境监管在数字普惠金融与企业绿色创新之间发挥着积极的调节作用,提升环境监管水平将进一步增强数字普惠金融对企业绿色创新的促进作用。

环境规制与绿色全要素生产率:促进还是抑制?

在“双碳”背景下通过制定环境规制政策提高绿色全要素生产率,推动经济绿色发展具有现实意义。以2000—2020年我国30个省级行政区的面板数据为基础,构建超效率(SBM—GML)模型阐释环境规制与绿色全要素生产率之间的内在逻辑,在分别控制时间和地区的双固定效应和面板分位数回归模型(PQRM)的基础上得出以下结论:(1)环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的作用效果是先抑制后促进;(2)由于经济发展水平的区域性差异,环境规制对高端分位点省级行政区的绿色全要素生产率的促进程度远小于低端分位点省级行政区;(3)技术进步是我国东、中、西和东北等地区绿色全要素生产率提高的关键因素,全域技术效率尤其是规模效率是阻碍绿色全要素生产率提升的关键因素。因此,地方政府首先要结合当地资源禀赋及自然环境承受能力,完善环境规制政策,缩小区际差异;其次要加强基础性研究,破除技术垄断,优化生产流程,提升规模经济,提高绿色全要素生产率。

农地流转提升了农业绿色全要素生产率吗?

在2006-2021年中国30个省份的面板数据基础上,本文通过SBM-GML超效率模型测算中国各省份农业绿色全要素生产率。采用双向固定效应模型和工具变量模型等方法,实证分析农地流转和农业绿色TFP之间的内在联系,并分析其影响路径机制。研究发现,中国农业绿色全要素生产率能够持续增长的主要原因在于技术进步。而农地流转能够推动农业绿色全要素生产率增长则是得益于技术效率改进。从异质性分析来看,农地流转对农业绿色全要素生产率增长的促进作用最显著的是东部地区和非粮食主产区,但在西部地区却正好相反。因此,中国应当加快推进农地流转工作进展,促进农业生产和经营管理模式变革,加快研发、推广和应用农业绿色生产技术,构建区域协作互助机制促进地区交流,进而促进农业绿色全要素生产率的提高。

增值税减税能否提高制造业企业全要素生产率?--基于增值税税率下调事件的经验研究

深化税制改革是激发市场主体活力、加快制造业转型、实现经济高质量发展的重要路径。基于2016—2020年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,研究了2018年和2019年增值税税率下调对制造业企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现,增值税减税提高了制造业企业的全要素生产率。异质性分析结果显示,对于市场竞争地位高、国有产权、处于成熟期以及高市场化地区的企业而言,增值税减税对全要素生产率的提升效应显著。渠道分析表明,研发投入、人力资本投入以及资本配置效率是增值税减税影响企业全要素生产率的主要渠道。因此,政府部门应继续深化增值税改革,缩小制造业与其他行业的税率差异,切实减轻制造业企业税收负担,同时应加大对民营、初创等弱势企业的财政扶持力度,全面提高各类企业的全要素生产率。

结构性货币政策对绿色企业全要素生产率的影响

结构性货币政策对于精准支持绿色企业发展具有重要作用,本文以2018年央行担保品框架扩容这一结构性货币政策为准自然实验,借助双重差分模型研究央行将绿色债券纳入担保品框架后对绿色企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:担保品框架扩容可以显著提升绿色企业的全要素生产率。企业异质性研究发现担保品框架扩容对民营绿色企业全要素生产率的提升显著高于国有绿色企业;区域异质性研究发现担保品框架扩容对于处在金融发达地区的绿色企业全要素生产率的提升更为显著;行业异质性研究发现央行将绿色债券纳入担保品框架后更能促进专利密集行业中绿色企业全要素生产率的提升。进一步研究发现担保品框架扩容有效缓解了绿色企业融资约束,提升了企业的绿色创新水平,有助于绿色企业提升全要素生产率。

环保信用评价提高企业绿色全要素生产率了吗?

环保信用评价是生态环境治理与经济绿色转型压力下的一种新型环境治理政策工具。以环保信用评价政策的实施作为一项准自然实验,选取2008—2019年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,构建三重差分模型,考察了环保信用评价对企业绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:环保信用评价政策显著提高了企业绿色全要素生产率。影响机制分析表明,绿色技术创新和绿色资源获取对环保信用评价政策促进企业绿色全要素生产率提高发挥了中介效应。进一步研究发现,环保信用评价与企业绿色全要素生产率之间的正相关关系在政府监管环境严格的地区、市场竞争环境激烈的行业以及社会信任环境良好的地区更加明显。结论提供了环保信用评价政策经济后果的经验证据,丰富了企业绿色全要素生产率驱动因素的研究文献,对政府部门进一步推广环保信用评价政策、积极引导企业实施环境向善行为、助力实现经济绿色可持续发展等具有建设性作用。