Research on the Impact of China’s Foreign Trade Technology Spillover on Green Total Factor Productivity of Countries Along the“Belt and Road”:Based on the Institutional Quality Threshold Effect

China’s growing trade with countries along the“Belt and Road”Initiative is accompanied by a focus on green development.Based on the panel data from 2007 to 2018,this paper establishes a threshold regression model to empirically analyze the institutional quality threshold effect of China’s foreign trade technology spillover on the GTFP of countries along the“Belt and Road.”The results show that China’s foreign trade technology spillover has a significant institutional quality double threshold effect on the green total factor productivity of the countries along the“Belt and Road.”As the institutional quality of the countries along the“Belt and Road”crosses a specific threshold value,the impact of China’s foreign trade technology spillover on the green total factor productivity of the countries along the“Belt and Road”has a significant positive promoting effect,and corresponding suggestions are put forward.

Does innovative city pilot policy promote urban green growth in China?An analysis of green total factor productivity,2005-2020

The innovative city pilot policy(ICPP)is an essential manifestation of China’s construction of an innovative and green-driven development country.We incorporated urban green total factor productivity(GTFP)growth into the evaluation of ICPP.Based on the panel data of 223 cities in China from 2005 to 2020,we used the difference-in-differences model to empirically assess the influence and mechanism of the ICPP on urban GTFP growth.The main results show that(i)The ICPP has maintained an effectively fluctuating promotion on urban GTFP growth,mainly manifested in the urban green technological progress improvement.(ii)The ICPP has urban heterogeneity in promoting GTFP growth in pilot cities,mainly affecting key cities such as provincial capitals.(iii)The interaction between the agglomeration of producer services and the ICPP inhibits GTFP growth in pilot cities.

The impact of market coordination on urban green total factor productivity:An analysis of the mediating effect of factor misallocation

Promoting market coordination and enhancing the efficiency of green growth is a necessity for China’s effective economic development.Using panel data from 2007 to 2020,this paper conducts a comprehensive study on 226 cities at the prefecture-level and above,combining theoretical analysis and empirical tests to systematically explore the impact of market cohesion on urban green total factor productivity(GTPF)and the mediating role of factor mismatch.Findings demonstrate that market coordination maximizes urban GTPF.At the mechanism level,factor mismatch plays a mediating role,and market coordination can enhance GTPF by addressing capital and labor mismatch.In terms of heterogeneity analysis,market coordination significantly promotes GTPF positively in the east-central region and negatively in the western region.In terms of technological progress and technical efficiency,the eastern region shows a larger significance than the central and western regions combined.In view of the above,the concept of market coordination development has been implemented to promote GTFP in cities.

Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Green Finance and Technological Progress on Total Factor Productivity in China’s Industrial Sector

The enhancement of industrial green total factor productivity is pivotal for achieving high-quality and sustainable economic development.This study assesses China’s performance using the SBM-GML model,employing province-level panel data spanning from 2004 to 2020.Furthermore,we examine the influence of green finance and technological progress on industrial green total factor productivity using a spatial econometric model.The findings uncover that the relationship between the level of green financial development and industrial green total factor productivity follows a U-shaped curve.Initially,low levels of green financial development exert a suppressive effect on industrial green total factor productivity,proving ineffective in the short term.However,with the progression of green finance development,a positive and significant long-term impact on industrial green total factor productivity emerges.Moreover,technological progress demonstrates a noteworthy promotional effect on industrial green total factor productivity.The analysis delves deeper into revealing that industrial structure and environmental regulation intensity exhibit a significant negative relationship with industrial green total factor productivity.In contrast,both energy structure and education level showcase a substantial positive relationship with industrial green total factor productivity.

Dynamic analysis of spatial convergence of green total factor productivity in China's primary provinces along its Belt and Road Initiative

This paper focuses on China's primary provinces along its Belt and Road Initiative,measures and analyses the provincial green total factor productivity (GTFP) development by GML index based on SBM directional distance function,discusses the temporal evolution characteristics of spatial convergence of the provincial GTFP under multiple spatial weight matrices,and estimates the net effect of China's Belt and Road Initiative on the development gap of provincial GTFP by regression discontinuity.The research shows that the provincial GTFP is generally good while the internal gap is relatively large.There is spatial absolute βconvergence and condition βconvergence in provincial GTFP,and the convergence speed has been signifcantly accelerated since the construction of China's Belt and Road Initiative.The current low economy level and infrastructure allocation efficiency of primary provinces restrict the GTFP development,while government expenditure has promoted the GTFP development,trade between provinces and countries along China's Belt and Road Initiative is negative to GTFP.China's Belt and Road Initiative has significantly narrowed the gap of provincial GTFP development with the net effect of-0.016.

Analysis of the Contribution of Total Factor Productivity to Agricultural Yield in Anhui Province

By analyzing data concerning agricultural development from 1981 to 2010 in Anhui Province,the total factor productivity and growth rate of agriculture from 1981 to 2010 are estimated empirically.By dividing years from 1981 to 2010 into several subintervals,this paper evaluates and analyzes initial stage of reform and opening up,soft landing stage,the stage of financial crisis,the stage of subprime mortgage crisis and the impact of all factors on total factor growth rate of agriculture.Then it analyzes the contribution of growth of total factor productivity to total yield of agricultural economy.The research finds that the growth of total factor productivity in Anhui Province is significant to agricultural development.

An Empirical Study on the Influence of Agricultural Public Infrastructure on Total Factor Productivity of China’s Grain Production

A critical method of ensuring grain production is to increase the total factor productivity(TFP),and the key measure to increase the TFP of grain production lies in the construction of agricultural public infrastructure.For this topic,existing literature lacks systematic and empirical analysis.Therefore,research on the influence of agricultural public infrastructure on the TFP of China’s grain production has relatively strong policy implications and theoretical value.For this study,we collected panel data for grain inputs and outputs as well as for agricultural public infrastructure in China’s provinces(autonomous regions/municipalities)from 1990 to 2017,and adopted the stochastic frontier function(SFF)approach to measure the TFP of provincial-level grain production.Through this empirical study,we analyzed the influence of agricultural public infrastructures,such as irrigation,roads,and electric power facilities on the TFP of China’s agriculture.We found that such facilities have a positive influence on the TFP of grain production.Specifically,when the input for irrigation facilities is increased by 1 percent,the TFP of grain production will rise by 5.74 percent.Based on this finding,policy recommendations are proposed for enhancing grain TFP through agricultural public infrastructure construction.

Productivity Growth in China's Agriculture During 1985-2010

This paper made an empirical analysis of China＇s agricultural growth path and influential factors using the province-level panel data of agricultural inputs and outputs during 1985-2010.The findings indicate that the increase in agricultural inputs and TFP contributed 40.6 and 55.2% to the agricultural output growth,respectively;China＇s agriculture had jumped out of the pattern which output growth was mainly driven by increasing input.Of the total inputs,chemical fertilizer had the most important contribution to the output growth,followed by mechanical inputs.The contribution of land and labor was negative.China＇s agricultural output growth belonged to the type of induced technology innovation.China＇s agricultural TFP growth had characteristics of fluctuations over time and unbalanced between regions,but the gap between the eastern,the middle,and the western regions has been narrowed.

Do smart city policies improve energy efficiency?Evidence from China

To address air pollution and offer a convenient and comfortable living environment,the Chinese government launched a smart city pilot(SCP)project in 2012,accompanied by a comprehensive set of environmental and energy-related laws and regulations.Although academic interest in smart cities has surged,there remains a notable gap in empirical research exploring the economic,environmental,and energy effects of such initiatives.Taking 232 prefecture-level cities from 2003 to 2017 as research subjects,this study measures energy effi‐ciency by using energy consumption per unit of GDP and adopts a difference-in-differences(DID)analysis to investigate the impact of SCPs on energy efficiency.The empirical results indicate that SCPs improved energy efficiency by promoting urban technological innovation capabilities and green total factor productivity,and this effect was more pronounced in cities that were more dependent on traditional fossil fuel energy sources and had more developed fiscal and financial levels.Studying the impact of smart city construction on energy utilization efficiency in developing countries,such as China,is not only significantly enlightening for China’s green and low-carbon transition but also provides reference opinions for constructing smart cities and the path to enhancing energy efficiency in other developing countries.The findings provide valuable insights into the global development of smart cities,urban sustainability,and high-quality economic growth.

Technological innovation paths toward green industry in China

With the environmental carrying capacity reaching its limits and the decreasing margin benefits of traditional production factors, the green transformation and green development through technological innovations has been a major direction for the future development of Chinese industries. However, the characteristics and heterogeneities of various types of industries call for different approaches regarding technological innovations. How to choose the most effective mode of technological innovation according to the characteristics of a certain industry has been a key issue. This paper measures the green total factor productivity of 32 industrial trades using the Slacks Based Measure(SBM)-DDF method. The effects of three innovation modes in the green transformation of industrial industry, including the independent innovation(Ⅱ), the technology introduction(TI), and the government support(GS), are empirically analyzed based on industry heterogeneity. Results indicate that the green total factor productivities of different industries show significant differences if taking into account the energy input and the undesirable output of pollutant emissions. The green total factor productivities of traditional high input,high pollution, and high energy consumption industrial trades were significantly lower than those with obvious green features. The year of 2009 is a leap year for the industrial green transformation in China. For resource-intensive industries, the II and the GS are the important ways to achieve green transformation. For labor-intensive industries, the TI is the best path to achieve green transformation, while for technology-intensive industries, the II is the primary driving force for the promotion of green developments. In addition, the innovation-compensating effect of the current Chinese environmental regulations to the resource-intensive industries has been revealed. Improving the overall scale and the industrial concentration of the industries is also beneficial for the green transformation of the industries.

Industrial Green Spatial Pattern Evolution of Yangtze River Economic Belt in China

We use the directional slacks-based measure of efficiency and inverse distance weighting method to analyze the spatial pattern evolution of the industrial green total factor productivity of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2003–2013.Results show that both the subprime mortgage crisis and ‘the new normal' had significant negative effects on productivity growth,leading to the different spatial patterns between 2003–2008 and 2009–2013.Before 2008,green poles had gathered around some capital cities and formed a tripartite pattern,which was a typical core-periphery pattern.Due to a combination of the polarization and the diffusion effects,capital cities became the growth poles and ‘core' regions,while surrounding areas became the ‘periphery'.This was mainly caused by the innate advantage of capital cities and ‘the rise of central China' strategy.After 2008,the tripartite pattern changed to a multi-poles pattern where green poles continuously and densely spread in the midstream and downstream areas.This is due to the regional difference in the leading effect of green poles.The leading effect of green poles in midstream and downstream areas has changed from polarization to diffusion,while the polarization effect still leads in the upstream area.

数字经济、绿色创新与企业绿色全要素生产率

文章从绿色创新视角切入,以2011—2022年中国沪深A股重污染行业上市公司为样本,实证考察了城市数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的影响效应和内在机制。研究发现:数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率具有显著的提升作用,且对国有性质和中小城市的重污染企业的促进作用更强;绿色创新是数字经济驱动重污染企业绿色生产的重要传导机制,但仅绿色发明专利申请量有中介效应,增加绿色实用新型专利不是数字经济提升重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的有效途径;数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的推动作用表现出边际效应递增的非线性特征,且两者之间的关系存在绿色创新的门槛约束,随着绿色发明专利和绿色实用新型专利申请量的增加,数字经济对重污染企业绿色全要素生产率的促进作用分别表现出效应增强和效应减弱的非线性特征。

数字乡村建设、资源要素错配与农业绿色全要素生产率

数字乡村建设与农业绿色发展深度融合是推动农业高质量发展的新动力引擎。本文选取2011-2021年中国31个省级面板数据,构建数字乡村建设和农业绿色全要素生产率的评价体系,多维度分析数字乡村建设对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字乡村建设既可以直接促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升,也可以通过带动绿色技术进步而促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升,还可以通过降低土地资源错配、资本资源错配、劳动力资源错配程度而间接促进农业绿色全要素生产率。数字乡村建设对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响异质性明显,东部地区、南方、粮食主产区的数字乡村建设的正向推动作用较强。

农产品贸易促进了中国农业绿色发展吗?——基于农业绿色全要素生产率视角

农业绿色全要素生产率的提高有助于农业绿色化转型与可持续性发展。基于2006—2020年中国30个省份数据,选择SBM-ML指数法,利用MaxDEA软件测算农业绿色全要素生产率,使用系统GMM模型与动态面板门槛模型实证检验农产品贸易对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:农产品贸易能够有效提升农业绿色全要素生产率并且其影响效应存在区域异质性,在东部地区较为显著;农产品贸易对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响存在地区经济发展水平的门槛效应,地区经济发展水平越高,农产品贸易对农业绿色化发展的正向溢出作用越明显。因此,各省份要推动农产品贸易的持续健康发展,政府应当依照地区贸易发展状况与经济发展水平因地制宜地制定有关农产品贸易政策,充分发挥农产品贸易的正向溢出作用,促进农业绿色发展。

数字普惠金融如何赋能乡村产业振兴

厘清数字普惠金融发展赋能乡村产业振兴的作用机制,有助于缓解农村金融资源配置效率不高、金融基础设施不完善和金融服务体系薄弱与日益增长的乡村产业发展需求之间的矛盾。现有文献对数字普惠金融与农村经济现代化做了较为丰富的研究,但是鲜有将其与乡村产业振兴联系起来进行理论与实证的研究。本文从乡村产业生产、乡村产业延伸、乡村产业功能和乡村产业支撑四个维度构建我国乡村产业振兴水平评价指标体系,并多维度实证检验了数字普惠金融对乡村产业振兴的影响。主要有三点发现:一是数字普惠金融发展对乡村产业振兴水平和乡村产业振兴速度均具有显著的正向促进作用;二是数字普惠金融发展覆盖广度、使用深度和数字化程度对乡村产业振兴的边际效应呈现明显差异;三是数字普惠金融不仅可以直接缓解经营主体约束和激活市场活力促进乡村产业振兴,还可以通过农业科技创新、乡村产业融合和农业全要素生产率间接影响乡村产业振兴。

全要素生产率视角下数字经济对农业碳排放影响——来自中国农业的经验证据

数字经济在蓬勃发展的同时表现出碳减排效应。理论上,数字经济可以通过提升农业全要素生产率,从而赋能农业碳减排。实际操作中,利用熵值法测度了2014—2020年中国30个省份农业农村数字经济发展指标,利用中介模型分析农业全要素生产率在数字经济影响农业碳排放的过程中的中介效应。在此基础上进行计量分析结果表明:中国农业数字经济蓬勃发展的同时呈现出区域发展不均衡态势,东部的农村数字经济发展水平高于中西部。数字经济能够显著降低农业碳排放强度,但是这种减排效应具有明显的区域差异,西部地区减排效果明显优于东部和中部地区。数字经济在降低农业碳排放强度的过程中,农业全要素生产率发挥了部分中介效应,中介效应占比为31.1%。这一结论在进行一系列的稳健性检验后仍然成立。

农地流转提升了农业绿色全要素生产率吗?

在2006-2021年中国30个省份的面板数据基础上,本文通过SBM-GML超效率模型测算中国各省份农业绿色全要素生产率。采用双向固定效应模型和工具变量模型等方法,实证分析农地流转和农业绿色TFP之间的内在联系,并分析其影响路径机制。研究发现,中国农业绿色全要素生产率能够持续增长的主要原因在于技术进步。而农地流转能够推动农业绿色全要素生产率增长则是得益于技术效率改进。从异质性分析来看,农地流转对农业绿色全要素生产率增长的促进作用最显著的是东部地区和非粮食主产区,但在西部地区却正好相反。因此,中国应当加快推进农地流转工作进展,促进农业生产和经营管理模式变革,加快研发、推广和应用农业绿色生产技术,构建区域协作互助机制促进地区交流,进而促进农业绿色全要素生产率的提高。

环境规制与绿色全要素生产率:促进还是抑制?

在“双碳”背景下通过制定环境规制政策提高绿色全要素生产率,推动经济绿色发展具有现实意义。以2000—2020年我国30个省级行政区的面板数据为基础,构建超效率(SBM—GML)模型阐释环境规制与绿色全要素生产率之间的内在逻辑,在分别控制时间和地区的双固定效应和面板分位数回归模型(PQRM)的基础上得出以下结论:(1)环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的作用效果是先抑制后促进;(2)由于经济发展水平的区域性差异,环境规制对高端分位点省级行政区的绿色全要素生产率的促进程度远小于低端分位点省级行政区;(3)技术进步是我国东、中、西和东北等地区绿色全要素生产率提高的关键因素,全域技术效率尤其是规模效率是阻碍绿色全要素生产率提升的关键因素。因此,地方政府首先要结合当地资源禀赋及自然环境承受能力,完善环境规制政策,缩小区际差异;其次要加强基础性研究,破除技术垄断,优化生产流程,提升规模经济,提高绿色全要素生产率。

数字技术创新与绿色全要素生产率:来自黄河流域的经验证据

文章采用2011—2020年黄河流域地级市面板数据,在克服内生性问题的基础上,运用双向固定效应模型、面板IV估计等经验分析方法实证考察了数字技术创新对黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究表明:数字技术创新对黄河流域绿色全要素生产率具有显著的促进作用,该结论在控制了外生政策冲击、剔除部分样本及缩尾处理后依然稳健。异质性分析进一步表明数字技术创新对黄河流域非资源型城市、中心城市以及中下游地区绿色全要素生产率促进作用更为明显。而机制分析发现绿色技术创新、产业结构高级化和产业协同集聚是数字技术影响黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的三个重要路径。因此,需要加大数字技术创新投入,提升城市数字技术吸收转化能力,为充分释放数字技术环境效应创造有利条件。

数智经济推动共同富裕的机制与效应研究

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求,数字化、智能化是引领共同富裕的重要驱动力。本文从数字化和智能化两个维度出发构建了数智经济发展水平的指标体系,并利用2012~2022年我国省际面板数据,实证分析了数智经济推动共同富裕的作用路径与影响效应。研究发现:数智经济通过提高农业全要素生产率推动共同富裕。在区域经济发达程度较低时,数智经济的发展可能会妨碍共同富裕目标的实现,但这种抑制效果将进一步削弱,直到区域经济发展达到一定水平,数智经济发展才有助于促进共同富裕。同时,数智经济发展还存在明显的空间溢出效应,可以提高邻近地区的共同富裕程度。因此,各地区应加快数智经济发展进度,使数智经济的建设更有效地服务于共同富裕目标。