Variable and Invariable,Explore the Value-Creation Techniques of Management Accounting by Benchmarking the Financial Management of Large Enterprises

With the development of information technology such as ChatGPT,artificial intelligence,5G,and so on,technological innovation brings about a qualitative change in the economic business.This change is embodied in breakthroughs in the field of science and technology and the iterative upgrading process of products.The traditional business model undoubtedly fails to adapt to the management needs of modern enterprises,while traditional financial practices and knowledge reserves cannot meet these needs.Faced with sudden technological changes and the emergence of financial sharing,financial robots,etc.,there is an urgent need for financial practitioners to transform from traditional financial accounting to value-creating management accounting.In the future,financial professionals with the ability to embrace uncertainty,adapt to environmental changes,and find breakthroughs in uncertain environments will be the most sought-after by enterprises.This paper aims to benchmark the excellent financial management models of large enterprises and conduct thematic research on financial management in large enterprises.It seeks to explore,in the era of big data management accounting,the road and art of creating value in enterprises.The objective is to provide references for colleagues in the financial field and to explore effective ways to generate value for enterprise management ideas,thus serving as a reference point in the financial transformation journey.

Carbon emission reduction accounting method for a CCUS-EOR project

It is difficult to quantify and certify the greenhouse gas(GHG)emission reduction in the entire process of a project of carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)-enhanced oil recovery(EOR).Under the methodological framework for GHG voluntary emission reduction project,the carbon emission reduction accounting method for CCUS-EOR project was established after examining the accounting boundaries in process links,the baseline emission and project emission accounting methods,and the emission and leakage quantification and prediction models,in order to provide a certification basis for the quantification of GHG emission reduction in the CCUS-EOR project.Based on the data of energy consumption,emission and leakage monitoring of the CCUS-EOR industrial demonstration project in Jilin Oilfield,the net emission reduction efficiency is determined to be about 91.1%at the current storage efficiency of 80%.The accounting and prediction of carbon emission reduction for CCUS-EOR projects with different concentrations and scales indicate that within the project accounting boundary,the certified net emission reduction efficiency of the low-concentration gas source CCUS-EOR projects represented by coal-fired power plants is about 37.1%,and the certified net emission reduction efficiency of the high-concentration gas source CCUS-EOR projects represented by natural gas hydrogen production is about 88.9%.The proposed method is applicable to the carbon emission reduction accounting for CCUS-EOR projects under multiple baseline scenarios during the certification period,which can provide decision-making basis for the planning and deployment of CCUS-EOR projects.

An Optimized Method for Accounting Information in Logistic Systems

In the era of rapid information development,with the popularity of computers,the advancement of science and technology,and the ongoing expansion of IT technology and business,the enterprise resource planning(ERP)system has evolved into a platform and a guarantee for the fulfilment of company management procedures after long-term operations.Because of developments in information technology,most manual accounting procedures are being replaced by computerized Accounting Information Systems(AIS),which are quicker and more accurate.The primary factors influencing the decisions of logistics firm trading parties are investigated in order to enhance the design of decision-supporting modules and to improve the performance of logistics enterprises through AIS.This paper proposed a novel approach to calculate the weights of each information element in order to establish their important degree.The main purpose of this research is to present a quantitative analytic approach for determining the important information of logistics business collaboration response.Furthermore,the idea of total orders and the significant degrees stated above are used to identify the optimal order of all information elements.Using the three ways of marginal revenue,marginal cost,and business matching degree,the information with cumulative weights is which is deployed to form the data from the intersection of the best order.It has the ability to drastically reduce the time and effort required to create a logistics business control/decision-making system.

Financial decision‑making behaviors of Ethnic Tibetan Households based on mental accounting

Ethnic Tibetans(ETs)typically reside in the remote plateaus of China and possess strong cultural and spiritual values.Their financial decision-making is influenced by economic and physical factors,unique culture,social norms,and psychological motivators.We conducted an in-person survey of 480 randomly selected ET households across four provinces in rural China.The survey data was analyzed using three different econometric models—probit,ordered probit,and ranked ordered logit—to examine the choice of borrowing from formal or informal credit sources,the number of sources borrowed from,and repayment priority.Our findings indicate that mental accounting plays a significant role in the financial decision-making process of ET households.Additionally,we find that the informal credit source is strongly associated with the financial decisions of ET households.The majority of loans from formal financial institutions are used to meet daily needs,as opposed to purchasing productive inputs.Our results also suggest that strong social relationships and religious beliefs prevent households from defaulting,and that loans from formal financial sources receive repayment priority.China would benefit from promoting inclusive finance and encouraging the adoption of improved agricultural practices to support the prosperity of ET and other minority communities.

Critical Dialogic Accounting and Accountability Through Integrated Popular Reporting and Digital Technologies: The City of Bari

Over the past two decades,dialogic accounting research has evolved into a distinct field,expanding into what is now recognized as critical dialogic accounting and accountability(CDAA).The integration of critical dialogic accounting and accountability acknowledges the growing need to recognize diverse pathways within accounting practices,emphasizing the representation of marginalized perspectives,engagement with power dynamics,and the analysis of conflicts,particularly in the context of societal and environmental impacts.Based on these assumptions,the Integrated Popular Reporting(IPR)is intended as a useful practical dialogic tool designed to impartially represent the viewpoints of different stakeholders.The focus extends beyond traditional dialogic accounting,integrating a newer critical lens that explores the implications of digital technology in the reporting process.To explore these advancements,the study investigates the implementation of the City of Bari’s 2020 Integrated Popular Reporting.Leveraging tools such as Talkwalker and employing a longitudinal,interventionist approach along with semi-structured interviews,the study assesses the effects of digital technologies on the dialogic accounting process.The analysis shows that the use of digital technologies has facilitated a more participatory reporting structure,evident in increased citizen engagement and reduced bureaucratic hurdles.Notably,it has enhanced the accuracy of defining citizens’informational needs and addressed pertinent themes ranging from mobility,economy,digitization,regeneration,and employment.Moreover,it underscores the need to address the digital divide and ensure inclusivity across diverse demographics.Ultimately,it contributes to the ongoing discourse on the role of technology in shaping the future of dialogic accounting and its broader implications for societal accountability.

Research on Integrating Data Assets Into Accounting Discipline System

As data is incorporated into production factors,the Accounting discipline should intensively study the new data asset.Starting from the analysis of the value attribute,right attribute,and relationship attribute of the data,it is found that under certain conditions,the data has complete Accounting attributes and can be included in the assets.The Accounting discipline shall establish the research direction of Data Asset Accounting and focus on the research,including the recognition and measurement of data assets,the value evaluation of data assets,information disclosure,and Data Asset Accounting standards.Data assets are facing the major challenge of integrating into the Accounting discipline.We can carry out the Accounting professional reform and textbook construction facing the practice of data assets management from the aspects of theoretical construction,talent training,and industry research cooperation.

Research on Accounting Issues of the Pension Insurance Fund for Urban Employees

Pension insurance is a vital component of China's social security system,ensuring the welfare of the general publie.This study centers on the revenue and expenses of City S's urban employee basic pension insurance fund.It introduces and analyzes the fund's accounting status from four key perspectives:fund raising.expenditure,financial statement system,and accounting information disclosure.The research identifes existing problems in City S's accounting system and conducts in-depth research on these issues.Furthermore,an empirical analysis is conducted on the management of the pension insurance fund.Through this empirical study,the paper aims to offer insights and recommendations for promoting stable and healthy development measures for City S'8 urban employee basic pension insurance fund.

“互联网+”背景下《Management Accounting》(管理会计)混合式教学改革探讨

信息技术的高速发展以及智能移动设备的普及,使得'互联网+教育'模式得到当今高等教育教学部门大力倡导和青睐。本文针对传统管理会计教学存在的问题,以提高学生主观能动性、为教学出发点,探讨'优慕课'、网络教学资源平台的混合互动式教学模式改革,有效提升《Management Accounting》(管理会计)的教学水平,构建'教师主导型'与'学生主体型'相结合的'互联网+'混合式教学理念,提高会计专业人才培养质量。

On Significance of Cross-cultural Communication in International Business-Specified on Accounting Internationalization

There is limited information about intercultural communication during the process of accounting internationalization,and Chinese accounting still has a long way to go because of the disparity in accounting principles,business culture and so on.This paper talks about the necessity of accounting internationalization and the importance of intercultural communication skill,aiming at reminding people that a good command of intercultural communication skill is a must.Some suggestions are given in hope of contributing to cross-cultural communication during the process of Chinese accounting internationalization.

电子病历系统与医务结算系统间的数据交换规格CLAIM(CLinical Accounting InforMation)汉化版的制作

CLinical Accounting InforMation(CLAIM)是日本开发的电子病历系统与医务结算系统间的数据交换规格。它使用eXtensible Markup Language(XML)作为标记语言,是不同医疗设施之间医疗数据交换规格Medical Markup Language(MML)的从属规格。CLAIM继承了MML2.x的基本结构,目前的版本2.1包括受理、预约、诊疗行为、结算金额等信息的两个模块和9个数据定义表格。考虑到中国现在还没有一个使用XML结构电子病历系统与医务结算系统之间信息的规格,鉴于CLAIM的柔韧性,我们制作了它的汉化版。由于日本的医务结算系统中采用"点数"制度,而中国的医院中没有此概念,另外,处方的书写形式等也与日本不同,所以我们重新制作了这两个模块,并相应的追加和修改了一些表格。CLAIM汉化版的制作将使中国医院的电子病历系统与医务结算系统之间有效而方便地进行数据交换成为可能。

Near-Real-Time Carbon Emission Accounting Technology Toward Carbon Neutrality

Climate change is the greatest environmental threat to humans and the planet in the 21st century.Global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are one of the main causes of the increasing number of extreme climate events.Cumulative carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions showed a linear relationship with cumulative temperature rise since the pre-industrial stage,and this accounts for approximately 80%of the total anthropogenic greenhouse gases.Therefore,accurate and reliable carbon emission data are the foundation and scientific basis for most emission reduction policymaking and target setting.Currently,China has made clear the ambitious goal of achieving the peak of carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060.The development of a finer-grained spatiotemporal carbon emission database is urgently needed to achieve more accurate carbon emission monitoring for continuous implementation and the iterative improvement of emission reduction policies.Near-real-time carbon emission monitoring is not only a major national demand but also a scientific question at the frontier of this discipline.This article reviews existing annual-based carbon accounting methods,with a focus on the newly developed real-time carbon emission technology and its current application trends.We also present a framework for the latest near-real-time carbon emission accounting technology that can be widely used.The development of relevant data and methods will provide strong database support to the policymaking for China’s“carbon neutrality”strategy.Finally,this article provides an outlook on the future of real-time carbon emission monitoring technology.

Accounting Objectives and Reporting System Construction of Managerial Accounting in China

The purpose of this paper is to propose an innovation system of managerial accounting reports, which is actually on the basis of accounting objectives. On the one hand, as managerial accounting is one important branch of accounting(the other important branch is financial accounting), some of its characters should be closely connected with accounting. On the other hand, managers need managerial accounting information for enterprise operation(especially for internal management control) decisions, so, managerial accounting should also be in accordance with the enterprise's operation and its management control. Therefore, combined with the existed research of accounting(especially financial accounting research) and for the development requirement of Chinese enterprises, this paper will mainly discuss the relation between accounting objectives and managerial accounting's system and put forward an idea of constructing an applicable reporting system of managerial accounting based on the operation mode in Chinese modern enterprises. This study will develop the accounting reports research(including external reports and internal reports) both in the field of theory and that of practice.

Building a New Socialist Countryside, Improving Commission and Agent System of “Village-level Accounting”

Rural finance is an issue concerned with rural people, improving rural financial management is important to close the relations of cadres and masses, maintain rural stability, and promote rural economic development. This article explained the main problems of village financial, the needs of introducing commission and agent system of ＂village-level accounting＂ for building a new socialist countryside, and the measures of improving commission and agent system of ＂village-level accounting＂.

An Examination of Social Media Role in Entrepreneurial Intention among Accounting Students: A SEM Study

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current role of social media on entrepreneurial intention among theaccounting students in Penang. A survey was designed and disseminated to the accounting students where 233 validresponses were collected. Through structural equation modelling, the findings indicated that entrepreneurialintention was significantly influenced by social media. The findings of this study provided useful information forthe government to engage with other stakeholders and make use of the social media advantage to shape effectivecommunication strategies to support entrepreneurial intention for accounting students.

Net Pension Liability Impact on School Districts after Incorporation of Governmental Accounting Standards Boards (GASB) Statement Number 68

This paper analyzes twenty school districts in the state of Pennsylvania and applies ratio analysis to understand the potential effect of GASB number 68 on the financial statements of these entities.The financial statements were picked on a random basis from the Electronic Municipal Market Access[1]database.EMMA is a research and data retrieval system of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board(MSRB).The MSRB provides resources to trade municipal bonds and access to the financial statements of entities selling these securities.The paper was developed as a result of the requirement by GASB to“recognize their long-term obligation for pension benefits as a liability for the first time,and to more comprehensively and comparably measure the annual costs of pension benefits”[2].The public schools in Pennsylvania incorporated GASB number 68 for the fiscal year ended June 30,2015 and restated the financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30,2014.The effects of these restatements created a situation where most of these districts now show a negative fund balance caused by an increase of liabilities of over one hundred percent.Many of the decision makers are uncertain of the long-term changes that this recognition will have on the operations of the school district.Bond ratings have suffered because of the volatility and uncertainty causing negative effects on the balance sheet,increased current recognition of pension expenses,and a possible interest rate increase.All of these effects are illustrated in this paper.This is at a time where many people are questioning the performance of many of the school districts.

Enhancing Sustainability in Forestry Using Material Flow Cost Accounting

Forestry is an applied science related to the sustainable management of natural resources. Many scientific disciplines influence forest science including ecology, economics and other social sciences. In this paper, it is proposed to promote the sustainable management of forest resources using a method coming from the Environmental Management Accounting discipline. The method is Material Flow Cost Accounting, which assists managers to recognize material and energy inefficiencies in production processes and create cost savings for the organization. Through a study of the methodology and using forestry examples, it is shown that Material Flow Cost Accounting can be a useful tool for forest managers, either in Public Forest Service, or other forestry organizations.

A Study of Accounting English from the Perspective of Function Plus Loyalty Theory

In recent years, the study of English for special purpose(ESP) has been focused by different scholars. In the research of ESP, the study of accounting English has aroused interests of different researchers. This paper will study accounting English from the perspective of translation theory—Function Plus Loyalty Theory. The research presents that the rules can be applied to accounting English.

The Differences between Chinese Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and International Financial Reporting Standards as well as the Convergence Strategy Method

The continuous development and progress of international economic integration has resulted in the increasing of economic and trade exchanges between various countries.In order to implement a more systematic corporate financial supervision mechanism effectively and adapt to the needs of economic development,it is necessary to clarify corporate accounting standards and international financial reporting standards.The relationship between them are crucial to improve the transparency of financial statements and optimize management levels.This paper analyzes the differences between Chinese business accounting standards and international financial reporting standards as well as discusses the convergence process and convergence strategy methods for reference.