The indispensable role of resilience in rational landslide risk management for social sustainability

Landslide disasters reflect the conflict between human society and the natural environment,posing challenges to the sustainable development of mountain regions.Identification of potential landslides,estimation of the degree of damage and potential losses of elements at risk,and control of the loss are the major tasks of landslide risk management.Resilience is defined as a social system’s comprehensive abilities to cope with disasters,including the abilities to prepare,anticipate,preserve,absorb,respond,resist,recover,mitigate,learn,and adapt.As an indispensable role,resilience enables more rational landslide risk management for social sustainability.However,quantitative landslide risk management does not pay sufficient attention to the role of resilience.Hence,in this paper,the role of resilience in a landslide risk management framework is systematically discussed.A quantita-tive landslide risk management framework consists of hazard analysis,exposure analysis,risk estimation,risk evaluation,and risk control.In hazard analysis,resilience assessment could help identify potential landslides that could cause significant damage due to the poor resilience of the elements at risk.Resilience assessment in exposure analysis might aid in identifying the most vulnerable elements or regions to certain landslides.Consid-eration of resilience in risk estimation aids in the calculation of indirect losses and improves the results of direct losses analysis.In risk evaluation,resilience as a disaster-coping ability will impact the social system’s landslide risk tolerance threshold.Enhancing resilience is an essential strategy to reduce the vulnerability of social sys-tems.We also proposed that the efficient use of risk information will increase the accuracy of landslide resilience assessments.

Blockchain and IIoT Enabled Solution for Social Distancing and Isolation Management to Prevent Pandemics

Pandemics have always been a nightmare for humanity,especially in developing countries.Forced lockdowns are considered one of the effective ways to deal with spreading such pandemics.Still,developing countries cannot afford such solutions because these may severely damage the country’s econ-omy.Therefore,this study presents the proactive technological mechanisms for business organizations to run their standard business processes during pandemic-like situations smoothly.The novelty of this study is to provide a state-of-the-art solution to prevent pandemics using industrial internet of things(IIoT)and blockchain-enabled technologies.Compared to existing studies,the immutable and tamper-proof contact tracing and quarantine management solution is proposed.The use of advanced technologies and information security is a critical area for practitioners in the internet of things(IoT)and corresponding solutions.Therefore,this study also emphasizes information security,end-to-end solution,and experimental results.Firstly,a wearable wristband is proposed,incorporating 4G-enabled ultra-wideband(UWB)technology for smart contact tracing mechanisms in industries to comply with standard operating procedures outlined by the world health organization(WHO).Secondly,distributed ledger technology(DLT)omits the centralized dependency for transmitting contact tracing data.Thirdly,a privacy-preserving tracing mechanism is discussed using a public/private key cryptography-based authentication mechanism.Lastly,based on geofencing techniques,blockchain-enabled machine-to-machine(M2M)technology is proposed for quarantine management.The step-by-step methodology and test results are proposed to ensure contact tracing and quarantine management.Unlike existing research studies,the security aspect is also considered in the realm of blockchain.The practical implementation of the proposed solution also obtains the results.The results indicate the successful implementation of blockchain-enabled contact tracing and isolation management using IoT and geo-fencing techniques,which could help battle pandemic situations.Researchers can also consider the 5G-enabled narrowband internet of things(NB-IoT)technologies to implement contact tracing solutions.

Application of Social Media Tool in Disaster Management in Disaster-Prone Communities in Freetown, Sierra Leone

This study used both the “digital divide” and “attribution theory” to analyze the propensity of social media use by disaster-prone communities. The study focused on the variables that may affect how social media is used for disaster management. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized in the study to analyze the data and test the hypotheses after using a survey questionnaire to collect the data. The study’s findings show that: 1) communities that are vulnerable to disasters are less likely to use social media for disaster management, 2) personal effort and intention to use social media for disaster management are positively correlated, and 3) task complexity and intention to use social media for disaster management are negatively correlated. The study added to the body of knowledge regarding the role social media plays in disaster management.

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Social Skills Training and Anger Management on Adjustment of Unsupervised Girl Adolescents

This study aimed at a comparison of the effectiveness of social skills training and anger management on adjustment of unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. This research was an experimental one with plan of pre-test and post-test control groups. The statistical universe of this research was consisted of all unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. The subject was 35 unsupervised girl adolescents who are assigned to two groups: experimental and control group. Data were collected by using the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS). Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the social skills training and anger management significantly increased social, emotional and educational adjustment on the experimental group (P < 0. 05). But Tukey’s follow-up test showed that there wasn’t significant difference between effectiveness of training anger control on compatibility and effectiveness of training social skills on individuals’ total compatibility. Findings showed that both trainings could be used in the same extent in order to enhance compatibility level.

The role of social resource of indigenous people in local ecological resource management in China: A preliminary case in Zhangye, Northwestern China

Social resources of indigenous people are valuable wealth, including the social norms, the relational network, belief, attitude as well as the social system which is accumulated from generation to generation. Those social resources are very important for local ecological resource management, which can help diffuseness and communion of skills and traditional conservation techniques for conserving and restoring the ecological sites. Social capital is one indicator of social resources, which is accepted widely. In order to investigate the role of social resources of indigenous people in local ecological resource management, the authors studied the relation between social capital of indigenous people and local ecological resource management, taking Zhangye City as an exam-ple. In this paper, social capital of indigenous people is quantified by constructing social capital index, composed of structural so-cial capital and cognitive social capital; local ecological resource management is quantified by constructing 'Grain for Green Pro-ject' performance index. Based on correlation analysis approach and logistic regression analysis approach, the authors analyzed the relation between social capital and 'Grain for Green Project' performance index, as well as the relations between 'Grain for Green Project' performance index and other factors such as per capita net income, medical treatment and so on. Results showed that the correlation between social capital and 'Grain for Green Project' performance index was positive, the coefficient was 0.761, with P<0.01. An increase of 1 unit in social capital is associated with an increase of 1.550 units in 'Grain for Green Project' per-formance. With factor, such as faction, per capita net income, medical treatment, increasing 1 unit, the 'Grain for Green Project' performance index will increase 3.912, 1.039 and 1.005 units, respectively.

Efficiency for Sustainability—Smart Energy Management in Social Housing

An average energy consumption distribution in household at the worldwide level illustrates that more than three quarters of total consumption is contributed to room heating and almost 12% to water heating for all the living necessities. Although a slow fall of domestic energy consumption has occurred in the recent 20 years (from 1990 to 2011) with a regular decrease between ?1.2% and ?1.4%/year per dwelling as a result of a decrease income corresponding to the economic crisis in 2008, whereas energy prices for households has increase since 2004, the energy cost of paying especially for space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) supplying is still going up. At the EU level, the building sector including residential, commercial and other service buildings is regarded as the key to greater energy efficiency, because according to statistics the final energy consumption for building sector has taken the largest proportion about 40% until 2020, which is apparently higher than the share in transportation sector by 32% and industry sector by 24%. In the scope of the ongoing research and investigation on energy efficiency in residential fields and its impact on environment and climate, how to investigate smart energy management methods for the promotion of sustainable consumption and green living patterns has been already paid much attention, however it has to be studied further and thoroughly, especially among energy consumer groups whose energy costs have no or just little relevance or dependence on major income source, which leads to a lack of energy saving awareness by users. Energy consumers living in social housing buildings represent this kind of energy consumer group which receive the governmental relief fund as their family income in a great measure, they have different culture, educational and age backgrounds. This paper presents firstly some research results based on authors’ practical experiences on the projects about energy efficiency in social housing buildings in European countries, which is supposed to be introduced in the aspects of subjective and objective energy saving potentials. It is proposed to be able to provide valuable and referential advices exchange our experience on a sustainable development in affordable housing.

Influence of Social Cultural Factors on Management of Resources in Awoja Watershed

The influence of social institutions in the management of control of access to watershed resources in a changing climate has not been fully explored. This study examined the influence of social factor variables on the management of control of access to Awoja watershed. The study was conducted in Awoja watershed in Eastern Uganda facing frequent floods and draughts. The study used a cross sectional research design involving factor analysis and logistical regression to determine the influence of social contextual factors on watershed management. Qualitative methods were also used to explain statistical trends. From the household survey data correlation results indicated that, there was a significant relationship between the social issues and management of the watershed (r = 0.353, P &#8722;0.489, P &#8722;0.249, P < 0.01). From the Logistical Regression two factors “institutions” and “rationale for access” had an increasing influence on watershed management while the other factors had a decreasing influence on watershed management. However, while the influence of institutions was increasing and significant, the influence of rationale for access to protected areas was increasing but not significant. Factors with negative influences included culture, social cohesion and social conflicts which had significant negative influence. The study also found that climate change had negative consequences on existing social institutions due to its ability to erode the powers of traditional institutions and to intensify resource conflicts. The study recommended the need for a local governance system to empower the key gatekeepers in the watershed management in order to promote the role of social institutions in the control of access to watershed resources.

Development of Social Media Analytics System for Emergency Event Detection and Crisis Management

Social media platforms have proven to be effective for information gathering during emergency events caused by natural or human-made disasters.Emergency response authorities,law enforcement agencies,and the public can use this information to gain situational awareness and improve disaster response.In case of emergencies,rapid responses are needed to address victims’requests for help.The research community has developed many social media platforms and used them effectively for emergency response and coordination in the past.However,most of the present deployments of platforms in crisis management are not automated,and their operational success largely depends on experts who analyze the information manually and coordinate with relevant humanitarian agencies or law enforcement authorities to initiate emergency response operations.The seamless integration of automatically identifying types of urgent needs from millions of posts and delivery of relevant information to the appropriate agency for timely response has become essential.This research project aims to develop a generalized Information Technology(IT)solution for emergency response and disaster management by integrating social media data as its core component.In this paper,we focused on text analysis techniques which can help the emergency response authorities to filter through the sheer amount of information gathered automatically for supporting their relief efforts.More specifically,we applied state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing(NLP),Machine Learning(ML),and Deep Learning(DL)techniques ranging from unsupervised to supervised learning for an in-depth analysis of social media data for the purpose of extracting real-time information on a critical event to facilitate emergency response in a crisis.As a proof of concept,a case study on the COVID-19 pandemic on the data collected from Twitter is presented,providing evidence that the scientific and operational goals have been achieved.

Using Social Media in Strategic Management

The online public conversations seem like Twitter has begun as a common communication tool by people tweeting their ideas, opinions and taking stands, committing themselves during last 5-10 years. This overall assumption has taken its place as a few of world’s remarkable leaders such as Trump, Merkel, and May are using microblog Twitter by pointing out their opinions. This opens question if directors and managers of, e.g., in Higher Education Institutions are using Social Media’s tools such as microblog Twitter as a part of their work in strategic management. As Twitter has launched interactive tools and closed groups in recent years, some HEI’s (Higher Education Institution) directors started to consider and use Twitter in strategic management interactively with their personnel in Finland. Using Social Media and Twitter allows a possibility for a different model of social dialog between inner and outer stakeholders, e.g., of strategy or strategical management. This requires directors who can foster organisation’s values also via Social Media’s microblogs such as Twitter. This draws attention to communication management of strategy or strategical management communication. This research studies by theme interviews how directors of selected Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) think that they are using Social Media tools such as Twitter in their daily strategic management. The aim and objective is to have an oversight if there is any need for improvement or change in using Social Media tool such as Twitter in HEI’s strategic management according to the theme interviews. The result and conclusion are improvements in using Social Media tools like Twitter in strategic management.

From social management to social governance: Evolution, characteristics and innovation

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC firstly required innovative social governance in 2013. This is the CPC's focus on safeguarding the fundamental interests of the majority of the people, to maximize social harmony, and to enhance the vitality of social development. The differences between governance and management are embodied in such as the governance system, legality, resource management, and comprehensive measures, etc. Compared with the way of social management, in which the government was used to controlling and ordering all social affairs, social governance pays more attention to the process of co-operations among different parties, to more emphasis on parties' co-operations and co-governance, with a continuous and interactive process of coordinated negotiations among multiple stakeholders. Social governance pays more emphasis on respect to social and political rights of members in the society, trying to stimulate the potential of social members, so that members of the community, in the process of social governance, have rights to speak, to choose and to influence; it pays more emphasis not only on maximizing autonomy of the social organizations and community, but also emphasizes the comprehensive use of a variety of means. The constructions of social governance system should mainly consist of four aspects: first, it is to improve the quality of social grassroots governance; second, it is to stimulate the vitality of social organizations; third, it tries to become an innovative and effective system to prevent and resolve social conflicts; fourth, it is to improve the public security system. To innovate the social management system, it is not only to achieve the transformation of the idea from control to service, but also to change the governance way from inflexible to flexible, thus, to finally form the social governance structure of Party leadership, government responsibility, social coordination,and public

Multiple mediation effects of health locusof control and hope on the relationshipbetween stroke patients’ social supportand self-management

Objective:This study aimed to identify the mediation effects of health locus of control(HLC)and hope between stroke patients’social support and self-management.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 300 Chinese stroke patients were recruited by convenient sampling from the acupuncture department of two Chinese Traditional Medical Hospitals in Tianjin Province from June to September 2018.The self-report questionnaires include Social Support Assessment Scale,Herth Hope Index,Mental Health Locus of Control Scale,Stroke Self-management Behavior Scale,and personal information questionnaires.All the survey data were entered in Excel and analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program.Mediation was tested with Bootstrapping in AMOS 23.0 program.Results:The result showed that internal health locus of control(IHLC),chance health locus of control(CHLC)and hope were the mediators between social support and self-management.The direct,indirect,and total effects of social support on self-management behavior were 0.306 (P<0.01),0.109(P<0.01),and 0.415(P<0.01),respectively.Conclusions:Social support can directly influence self-management,and it can also indirectly influence self-management through IHLC,CHLC,and hope.

Building Harmonious Community & Innovating Social Management and Services

Communities are the basic units as well as cell of the society. Community management and service is of fundamental significance for socia harmony, and also an important part of socia management innovation. Recent years

Comparative Analysis of Social Forces Participating in Emergency Management of Public Health Events in China, Australia, Germany and the United States

Objective To provide a reference and suggestions for Chinese social forces to participate in the emergency management of public health events.Methods Through literature research method,comparative research method and SWOT matrix analysis,four aspects of prevention,early warning,response and recovery of the social forces in China,Germany,Australia and the United States participating in emergency management were studied comparatively.Results and Conclusion In the emergency management of public health events,China’s social forces play greater role in the response and recovery phase than that in the prevention and response phase.As to its shortcomings,the following suggestions are made,such as incorporating social forces into the national emergency management system,strengthening the construction and training of social forces,popularizing public health knowledge and awareness,clarifying property rights and using incentives and punishment together.

Impact of Macro -management on the Industrialization of Social Economy

Macro-management of social economy is not only a comprehensive supplement to and exploration into the sustainable development of the social pillar industries,but also the clarification of the developmental relationship among different industries in social economy.Strategic adjustment should be made to the structure and development pattern of social economy by means of the macroeconomic regulation and control to highlight the coordination and value of the macro-management,promoting and guiding the industrialization and clustering development of social economy,It can provide a new approach to the sustainable development for the industrialization of social economy.

Constructing Public Participation Mechanism in Social Public Management＇ s New Normal

The construction and development of social public management's new normal depend on the scientific transformation of government functionalization orientation and highlighting the role of grassroots public's extensive illustrations on social issues and social conditions.Based on this situation,in the process of public participation mechanism construction,it is necessary to emphasize that the construction of joint elements should be carried out systematically and comprehensively,and to dig deep into the relations and functions of all elements.When the stability of public participation mechanism construction is fully guaranteed,it will extensively supervise and evaluate the development of government's social public management cause,help achieve the final goal of coordinating social development environment and social development elements,ensure that the intrinsic value of public participation mechanism can be thoroughly displayed.

Use of Social Cognitive Theory to Assess Salient Clinical Research in Chronic Disease Self-Management for Older Adults: An Integrative Review

The purpose of this integrative review is to evaluate research pertaining to self-management programs for older adults with chronic diseases using Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for behavior change. The focus is application of the SCT domains to self-management programs. The exploration of the current chronic disease self-management research provides an understanding of the Social Cognitive Theory concepts studied in interventional self-management research. The integrative review explicated two areas related to the theory in need of further research. First, social support has not been thoroughly explored as a mechanism for enhancing self-management interventions. Second, moral disengagement was not identified as a focus within chronic disease research raising the question about the impact of moral disengagement on long-term adherence and behavior change.