4个太湖流域粳稻地方品种抗稻瘟病性的遗传分析

以太湖流域粳稻地方品种薄稻、铁杆青、江南晚和缺儿糯等广谱、高抗稻瘟病为材料,与高感稻瘟病品种苏御糯杂交,获得杂交F1、F2,分别接种日本稻瘟病鉴别菌系北1和中国稻瘟病菌生理小种ZE3、ZG1,根据P1、P2、F1和F2等不同世代植株的抗、感反应,分析地方品种对不同稻瘟病菌生理小种(菌系)的抗性遗传机理。结果表明:薄稻、铁杆青及缺儿糯对北1菌系的抗性均可能由一对显性基因控制,江南晚对北1的抗性则可能由两对抑制基因互作控制;铁杆青及缺儿糯对ZE3小种的抗性均可能由一对显性基因控制,薄稻和江南晚对ZE3小种的抗性可能分别由两对显性基因和两对抑制基因互作控制;铁杆青对ZG1小种的抗性可能是由一对显性主基因控制,薄稻和江南晚对ZG1小种的抗性则可能由两对抑制基因互作控制。进一步将薄稻与12个日本稻瘟病菌鉴别品种杂交,用北1菌系接种不同组合的F1和F2,进行抗病基因的等位性测定。结果表明,薄稻对北1菌系的抗性基因与12个鉴别品种所携带的已知抗稻瘟病基因是不等位,将该基因暂定为Pi-bd1(t)。

Development of Chinese Near-isogenic Line of Rice and Their Differentiating Ability of Pathogenic Races of Blast Fungus

The rice( Oryza L. ) variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH), is a universally susceptible variety. A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rice which has single resistance gene for each line was developed by use of LTH as recurrent parent and Kusabue,Tsuyuake, K1, PiNo. 4, K60 and BL1, which are from Kiyosawa's differential varieties(KDV), as donor parents. Differentiating ability of these NILs to Philippine isolates was compared with that of their donor parents, KDV and IRRI' s NILs. The results of comparative studies were as follows: (1) Differentiating ability of Chinese NILs to Philippine isolates was much stronger than that of their donor parents and that of KDV. (2) Chinese NILs had similar ability to differentiate races to IRRI's NILs or higher differentiating ability than them. But IRRI's NILs almost had no differentiating ability to isolates from japonica rice-growing regions. They can not be used to differentiate races of isolates from japonica ricegrowing regions. Whereas, Chinese NILs can be used to differentiate races of isolates from both japonica ricegrowing regions and indica rice-growing regions. It was concluded that the set of Chinese NILs can be used as international differentials.