Water quality and growth of phytoplankton for the Yellow River estuary reservoirs—The nutrients release from reservoir sediments

Effects of nutrients released from sediments on eutrophication in lakes and reservoirs were not well known in China. In the test, the release conditions of nitrogen and phosphorus from the sediments were observed by batch experiment. The test results revealed that the content released is correlated to the initial content of organic matter in sediments. In the Gengjing area, when the water quality of waterway, grit chamber and reservoir were compared, the water quality of the waterway was the highest, and lowered in the order of the grit chamber and the reservoir. The grit chamber could get not only fine sand removal but also the organic substance, nitrogen, phosphorus and phytoplankton, therefore it is important to operate and maintain the grit chamber to preserve the water quality of the reservoir. Due to little organic substance in sediments, ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus weren't released during the incubation. But from the absorptiometric turbidity unit (ATU) test results, although the release of ammonium concentration was very low, ammonium oxidizing and nitrite oxidizing bacteria existed in sediments.

砂砾岩水淹层测井特点及机理研究

对研究区块砂砾岩储层的实际测井资料、水淹特征和机理进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,利用自然电位 (SP)、自然伽马 (GR)、声波、微电极、电阻率测井曲线对砂砾岩储层进行定性识别。定量识别指标为 :自然伽马相对值ΔGR<0 15 ,粒度中值Md>0 2 4mm ,声波时差DT <2 6 0 μs/m。在储层的水淹过程中 ,储层的孔隙度和渗透率增大 ,孔隙结构系数减小 ,润湿性由中性偏亲水向弱亲水、亲水、强亲水方向转化 ,Archie参数m和n随地层水电阻率的增大而减小。其中 ,注入水矿化度与原始地层水的差别和有效泥质含量 (阳离子附加导电性 )是控制储层水淹过程中电阻率变化的主要因素之一。水驱过程中岩石电阻率Rt 与含水饱和度Sw 的关系随注入水矿化度与原始地层水的差别表现出不同的关系。在注入淡水条件下 ,根据注入水矿化度的不同 ,Rt 与Sw 之间的关系可呈现出非对称的“U”、“L”、或“∽”曲线特征。

山地城市合流污水特细砂来源

对三峡库区山地城市合流制污水特细砂、管道沉积物、本地土壤等进行矿物成分分析表明,污水中特细砂矿物成分以石英、方解石,长石类为主,并含有少量云母、赤铁矿和石膏等矿物;认为特细砂主要来自周边砂壤质地土壤、风化岩石和地表沉积物;山地城市合流制管网(污水常规收集方式),山涧、边沟和冲沟(污水特殊收集方式)是细砂迁移的途径;生活污水和雨水是细砂迁移的载体;中亚热带湿润季风气候,加速成土母质主要是侏罗系紫色砂质岩、泥岩和石灰岩风化,而山地、丘陵地貌特征和充沛的雨量强化合流雨污水冲刷作用,导致水土流失加剧。因此,对于山地城市合流污水特细砂的治理,需要从合流制管网建设完善、水土流失防治、生活小区统一规划和污水处理厂除砂系统优化等多个方面进行控制。