Moisture‑Electric–Moisture‑Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality‑Enhancing Moist‑Electric Generator

Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.

水吸附对WO_(3)纳米线/金电极界面势垒的影响

构筑基于单根WO_(3)纳米线的“金属/半导体/金属”三明治结构的场效应晶体管器件,并在不同环境下对器件进行电输运性能测试。结果表明:水吸附在纳米线表面增加了纳米线/金的界面势垒宽度,同时水吸附是WO_(3)纳米线器件出现忆阻性能的重要原因。在空气中纳米线表面吸附的水分子被价带底的空穴不断氧化成O_(2)并产生H^(+),而H^(+)不断地在源漏两极积累,形成双电层,增加纳米线和金电极的界面势垒宽度。水吸附调制界面势垒的研究对揭示WO_(3)忆阻机理及电致变色机制有一定的参考意义。

Conduction properties of condensed lanthanum phosphates:La(PO_3)_3 and LaP_5O_(14)

Single crystals of LaP3O9·3H2O were prepared using a classical method of aqueous chemistry whereas those of the ultraphosphate LaP5O14 were obtained by flux method.Thermal treatment of LaP3O9·3H2O up to 700 °C allowed us to obtain the lanthanum polyphosphate La(PO3)3.The conductivity as well as the vibrational study of the lanthanum ultraphosphate and polyphosphate were analysed in order to explain the mechanism of conduction.Activation energies of 0.45 and 0.84 eV,deduced from the Arrhenius relation,were r...

Local proton hopping mechanism in imidazolium-based plastic crystal:an ab initio molecular dynamics study

Protic organic ionic plastic crystals(POIPCs)are promising solid-state proton conductor materials in anhydrous proton exchange membrane fuel cells,due to their mechanical flexibility and high ionic conductivity in the plastic crystal phase.In typical POIPCs,the ions are orientationally disordered while the centers of mass are ordered(positional order)like the crystal phase.The local disorder provides more degrees of freedom for the translational and rotational diffusion of ions,thus enhancing proton conduction either via the vehicle mechanism or the Grotthuss mechanism.Yet the local dynamics and the interactions of the cations and anions during the proton transfer process are far from being fully understood.Here,we performed Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics(CPMD)simulation on the imidazolium methanesulfate([ImH][CH_(3)SO_(3)])unit cell.By artificially creating one proton hole,we found that a proton can hop directly between the cations.Though the anion is not directly involved in proton hopping,the oxygen atom in the sulfonate group interacts with the proton and has a synergetic motion along with the proton hopping process.This indicates the structural disorder of imidazolium rings and the aid of an anion can facilitate Grotthuss-type proton hopping in imidazolium-based POIPCs.

超低浓度电解液助力K0.486V2O5高性能质子存储

高浓度电解液被认为是一种很有前景的拓宽电解液电化学稳定窗口和提高水系电池电化学性能的方法.但是高浓度电解液也存在高成本、高粘度、低电导率等棘手问题.因为特殊的Grotthuss机制,质子电池能够在低浓度电解液中获得足够的动力学性能.基于此,我们采用罕见的超低浓度硫酸电解液(0.01 mol L^(-1))助力K~+预嵌的VO(KVO,KVO)电化学稳定性.在50 mA g^(-1)的低电流密度下,KVO电极具有129 mA h g^(-1)的比容量;在1 A g^(-1)的电流密度下,循环20,000圈的容量保持率为78%.超低浓度电解液策略为开拓耐用的、低成本的水系能源存储系统提供了一种新的路径.