This study explores urban air mobility(UAM)as a strategy for mitigating escalating traffic congestion in major urban areas as a consequence of a static transportation supply versus dynamic demand growth.It offers an i...This study explores urban air mobility(UAM)as a strategy for mitigating escalating traffic congestion in major urban areas as a consequence of a static transportation supply versus dynamic demand growth.It offers an indepth overview of UAM development,highlighting its present state and the challenges of integration with established urban transport systems.Key areas of focus include the technological advancements and obstacles in electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircrafts,which are essential for UAM operation in urban environments.Furthermore,it explores the infrastructure requirements for UAM,including vertiport deployment and the creation of adept air traffic control(ATC)systems.These developments must be integrated into the urban landscape without exacerbating land-use challenges.This paper also examines the regulatory framework for UAM,including existing aviation regulations and the necessity for novel policies specifically designed for urban aerial transport.This study presents a comprehensive perspective for various stakeholders,from policymakers to urban planners,highlighting the need for a thorough understanding of UAM’s potential and effective assimilation into urban mobility frameworks.展开更多
The estimation of the ground temperature profile with respect to the depth and time is the key issue in many engineering applications which use the ground as a source of thermal energy. In the present work, the influe...The estimation of the ground temperature profile with respect to the depth and time is the key issue in many engineering applications which use the ground as a source of thermal energy. In the present work, the influence of the model components on the calculated ground temperature distribution has been analysed in order to develop an accurate and robust model for the prediction of the ground temperature profile. The presented mathematical model takes into account all the key phenomena occurring in the soil and on its top surface. The impact of individual model elements on the temperature of the soil has been analysed. It has been found that the simplest models and the most complex model result in a similar temperature variation over the simulation period, but only at a low depth. A detailed analysis shows that a larger depth requires more complex models and the calculation with the use of simple models results in an incorrect temperature and a theoretical COP estimation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52220105001,52221005,72322002,72361137001,and 72331001).
文摘This study explores urban air mobility(UAM)as a strategy for mitigating escalating traffic congestion in major urban areas as a consequence of a static transportation supply versus dynamic demand growth.It offers an indepth overview of UAM development,highlighting its present state and the challenges of integration with established urban transport systems.Key areas of focus include the technological advancements and obstacles in electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircrafts,which are essential for UAM operation in urban environments.Furthermore,it explores the infrastructure requirements for UAM,including vertiport deployment and the creation of adept air traffic control(ATC)systems.These developments must be integrated into the urban landscape without exacerbating land-use challenges.This paper also examines the regulatory framework for UAM,including existing aviation regulations and the necessity for novel policies specifically designed for urban aerial transport.This study presents a comprehensive perspective for various stakeholders,from policymakers to urban planners,highlighting the need for a thorough understanding of UAM’s potential and effective assimilation into urban mobility frameworks.
基金financed from the funds of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education,grant 11.11.190.555
文摘The estimation of the ground temperature profile with respect to the depth and time is the key issue in many engineering applications which use the ground as a source of thermal energy. In the present work, the influence of the model components on the calculated ground temperature distribution has been analysed in order to develop an accurate and robust model for the prediction of the ground temperature profile. The presented mathematical model takes into account all the key phenomena occurring in the soil and on its top surface. The impact of individual model elements on the temperature of the soil has been analysed. It has been found that the simplest models and the most complex model result in a similar temperature variation over the simulation period, but only at a low depth. A detailed analysis shows that a larger depth requires more complex models and the calculation with the use of simple models results in an incorrect temperature and a theoretical COP estimation.
