Stabilizing Buried Interface via Synergistic Effect of Fluorine and Sulfonyl Functional Groups Toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further enhancement of the photovoltaic performance of the devices using sequential deposition.Herein,a buried interface stabilization strategy that relies on the synergy of fluorine(F)and sulfonyl(S=O)functional groups is proposed.A series of potassium salts containing halide and non-halogen anions are employed to modify SnO_(2)/perovskite buried interface.Multiple chemical bonds including hydrogen bond,coordination bond and ionic bond are realized,which strengthens interfacial contact and defect passivation effect.The chemical interaction between modification molecules and perovskite along with SnO_(2) heightens incessantly as the number of S=O and F augments.The chemical interaction strength between modifiers and perovskite as well as SnO_(2) gradually increases with the increase in the number of S=O and F.The defect passivation effect is positively correlated with the chemical interaction strength.The crystallization kinetics is regulated through the compromise between chemical interaction strength and wettability of substrates.Compared with Cl−,all non-halogen anions perform better in crystallization optimization,energy band regulation and defect passivation.The device with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide achieves a tempting efficiency of 24.17%.

Synergistic“Anchor‑Capture”Enabled by Amino and Carboxyl for Constructing Robust Interface of Zn Anode

While the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been recognized as one of the most viable batteries for scale-up application,the instability on Zn anode–electrolyte interface bottleneck the further development dramatically.Herein,we utilize the amino acid glycine(Gly)as an electrolyte additive to stabilize the Zn anode–electrolyte interface.The unique interfacial chemistry is facilitated by the synergistic“anchor-capture”effect of polar groups in Gly molecule,manifested by simultaneously coupling the amino to anchor on the surface of Zn anode and the carboxyl to capture Zn^(2+)in the local region.As such,this robust anode–electrolyte interface inhibits the disordered migration of Zn^(2+),and effectively suppresses both side reactions and dendrite growth.The reversibility of Zn anode achieves a significant improvement with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.22%at 1 mA cm^(−2)and 0.5 mAh cm^(−2)over 500 cycles.Even at a high Zn utilization rate(depth of discharge,DODZn)of 68%,a steady cycle life up to 200 h is obtained for ultrathin Zn foils(20μm).The superior rate capability and long-term cycle stability of Zn–MnO_(2)full cells further prove the effectiveness of Gly in stabilizing Zn anode.This work sheds light on additive designing from the specific roles of polar groups for AZIBs.

Molecular Reactivity and Interface Stability Modification in In-Situ Gel Electrolyte for High Performance Quasi-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery is a promising candidate for next generation high energy density and high safety power supply.Despite intensive efforts on electrolytes,uncontrolled interfacial reactions on lithium with electrolyte and patchy interfacial contacts still hinder its practical process.Herein,we bring in rationally designed F contained groups into polymer skeleton via in-situ gelation for the first time to establish quasi-solid-state battery.This method achieves a capacity retention of 90%after 1000 cycles at 0.5C with LiFePO_(4)cathodes.The interface constructed by polymer skeleton and reaction with–CF_(3)lead to the predicted solid electrolyte interface species with high stability.Furthermore,we optimize molecular reactivity and interface stability with regulating F contained end groups in the polymer.Comparisons on different structures reveal that high performance solid stable lithium metal batteries rely on chemical modification as well as stable polymer skeleton,which is more critical to construct robust and steady SEI with uniform lithium deposition.New approach with functional groups regulation proposes a more stable cycling process with a capacity retention of 94.2%at 0.5C and 87.6%at 1C after 1000 cycles with LiFePO_(4) cathodes,providing new insights for the practical development of quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery.

群智创新时代下社区居家养老服务交互设计研究

目的解决目前养老中因服务组织参与度不高及智能交互产品利用率低下而导致的养老服务质量欠佳的问题。方法通过对当前社区居家养老服务现状进行分析,结合群智创新的发展及特点,分析养老服务设计的群智创新过程,提出了群智创新时代下基于用户的养老服务新组织,借助KANO模型原理对养老服务需求项目进行群体用户分析,并对分析数据结果进行优先顺序排序,获得老年用户群体对养老服务设计的真实需求情况。结果构建了以用户为中心的社区居家养老服务设计框架,并结合服务设计工具进行智能交互界面设计。结论对交互设计界面的测评显示,老年人对其满意度极高,该养老服务新模式有别于传统养老模式,顺应当今群智创新时代下大数据、互联网、云平台等科技的发展需求,在提高养老服务满意度的同时,使养老服务质量达到最优的效果。

Recent progress in CO oxidation over Pt-group-metal catalysts at low temperatures

CO oxidation is probably the most studied reaction in heterogeneous catalysis.This reaction has become a hot topic with the discovery of nanogold catalysts,which are active at low temperatures（at or below room temperature）.Au catalysts are the benchmark for judging the activities of other metals in CO oxidation.Pt-group metals（PGMs） that give comparable performances are of particular interest.In this mini-review,we summarize the advances in various PGM（Pt,Pd,Ir,Rh,Ru）catalysts that have high catalytic activities in low-temperature CO oxidation arising from reducible supports or the presence of OH species.The effects of the size of the metal species and the importance of the interface between the metal and the reducible support are covered and discussed in terms of their promotional role in CO oxidation at low temperatures.

多处理器阵列的JTAG调试系统设计

针对多处理器系统开发难度大、效率低等问题,提出基于联合测试行动组的多处理器系统远程调试方案。该方案可以实现多处理器的同步和异步调试,提供多种调试方式。在Linux系统下实现该调试系统,仿真测试和实际应用证明该方案是有效的,能较大地提高系统的开发效率。

基于JTAG的DSP处理器嵌入式调试接口设计

介绍了基于IEEE1149.1 JTAG协议的DSP处理器嵌入式调试接口的设计。从该接口的整体结构框图到详细设计,进行了详细的阐述。该接口成功地应用于32bits DSP处理器MD32中,通过了FPGA验证和仿真验证,证明了其设计的正确性,具有很好的参考价值。

一种基于JTAG的嵌入式DSP可调试系统的设计

目前,嵌入式调试主要采用硬件调试器与调试程序相结合的调试方法。但硬件调试器的价格比较高,增加了系统开发成本。为了降低调试成本,提高调试效率,提出了一种基于JTAG接口的嵌入式DSP可调试系统,实现了硬件调试功能,具有较好的参考价值。

基于DSP系统的增强型JTAG接口

针对通用JTAG端口不能在远距离对高速处理器进行仿真的问题,提出增强型JTAG接口方案。通过讨论高速处理器的JTAG端口信号的特征和时序,定性分析JTAG接口不能用于远距离仿真的原因。对通用JTAG接口进行信号驱动以及信号完整性补偿,给出接口的电路图和测试结果。实验结果表明,增强型JTAG接口可在120cm外对高速处理器进行仿真。

MiR-142-3p Regulates ILC1s by Targeting HMGB1 via the NF-κB Pathway in a Mouse Model of Early Pregnancy Loss

Objective Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a class of newly discovered immunocytes.Group 1 ILCs(ILC1s)are identified in the decidua of humans and mice.High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is predicted to be one of the target genes of miR-142-3p,which is closely related to pregnancy-related diseases.Furthermore,miR-142-3p and HMGB1 are involved in regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.This study aimed to examine the regulatory effect of miR-142-3p on ILC1s and the underlying mechanism involving HMGB1 and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods Mouse models of normal pregnancy and abortion were constructed,and the alterations of ILC1s,miR-142-3p,ILC1 transcription factor(T-bet),and pro-inflammatory cytokines of ILC1s(TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-2)were detected in mice from different groups.The targeting regulation of HMGB1 by miR-142-3p in ILC1s,and the expression of HMGB1 in normal pregnant mice and abortive mice were investigated.In addition,the regulatory effects of miR-142-3p and HMGB1 on ILC1s were detected in vitro by CCK-8,Annexin-V/PI,ELISA,and RT-PCR,respectively.Furthermore,changes of the NF-κB signaling pathway in ILC1s were examined in the different groups.For the in vivo studies,miR-142-3p-Agomir was injected in the uterus of abortive mice to evaluate the abortion rate and alterations of ILC1s at the maternal-fetal interface,and further detect the expression of HMGB1,pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Results The number of ILC1s was significantly increased,the level of HMGB1 was significantly upregulated,and that of miR-142-3p was considerably downregulated in the abortive mice as compared with the normal pregnant mice(all P<0.05).In addition,miR-142-3p was found to drastically inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway(P<0.05).The number of ILC1s and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly downregulated and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited in the miR-142-3p Agomir group(all P<0.05).Conclusion miR-142-3p can regulate ILC1s by targeting HMGB1 via the NF-κB signaling pathway,and attenuate the inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface in abortive mice.

嵌入式模拟器中的JTAG应用

为了减少扫描链中扫描时间和关键路径时延,提出了一种嵌入式模拟器.在JTAG接口协议的基础上,增加指令和扫描链,同时通过测试访问端(TAP)控制把串行输入转换成并行输出,并行访问数字信号处理器的寄存器文件和片上存储器单元,实现嵌入式模拟器.实验结果表明,该模拟器可以实时仿真和调试16位数字信号处理器,并实现单步、断点和跟踪等调试功能.该模拟器减少了扫描时间和扫描链对关键路径的影响,加快了芯片的测试速度和开发进程.

基于JTAG的可重构Flash快速编程方法

提出一种基于JTAG的可重构Flash快速编程方法及其硬件框架。将Flash编程控制流程序预先下载至片上SRAM,并由硬件自行识别和执行,而JTAG接口仅用于传输数据,有效消除JTAG总线传输瓶颈,提高Flash下载速度。通过向片上SRAM下载不同的Flash编程控制流程序,实现Flash下载控制流程的重构,可支持不同类型Flash的在线编程。该设计硬件资源开销小、灵活性强。实验结果表明,编程速度约为传统方法的17倍。

基于JTAG的片上调试器与调试系统的设计实现

提出了一种基于JTAG协议的嵌入式CISC处理器的调试系统的设计方案。针对自主研发的教学用JU-C2型处理器设计了片上调试器和CPU内部寄存器扫描链,为构成一个完整的调试系统,还设计了USB-JTAG协议转换器和PC机控制软件。调试系统可以实现微指令级和机器指令级的单步、断点以及CPU内部寄存器值的查看和PC(程序计数器)写入,还有CPU的运行停止和复位这些常用的调试功能。分别介绍了系统的各个组成部分以及它们的原理,进行了系统测试,验证系统工作的正确性。调试系统对CPU内部数据通路侵入性较小,在教学中也有一定的实用性。

JTAG接口在嵌入式系统中的应用

介绍了JTAG接口标准用于Flash编程的方法,根据JTAG接口所提供的边界扫描功能,通过PC机并行接口模拟JTAG接口的时序,在开发嵌入式系统过程中利用微处理器的JTAG接口对系统程序存储器进行编程.

基于JTAG标准的在系统编程下载系统接口电路的设计

阐述了基于JTAG标准的在系统编程技术的原理,并以在系统编程下载系统接口电路的设计为例,指出实际应用JTAG标准方法实现在系统编程ISP的关键之处.

基于JTAG接口的内建修调电路的设计

为减小基准电压源的误差,提高集成电路精度,设计了一种基于JTAG接口的熔丝烧断修调电路,着重分析JTAG接口及修调技术的具体实现。通过调整电路内部结构,使基准电压在-40到85度的范围内误差不超过100ppm,并通过流片验证了该设计的可行性。

一种自由进出JTAG菊花链的硬件设计方法

大多数数字处理器均带有JTAG接口,方便设计人员对处理器进行在线调试与程序下载。当信息处理单体机箱内存在多个带JTAG接口的处理器时,可以将这些处理器的JTAG接口连接成JTAG菊花链,如此,只需通过一个JTAG接口便能访问JTAG菊花链中的任何一个器件。在引出信息处理单体JTAG菊花链的设计后,针对菊花链的串联特性,提出一种自由进出菊花链的硬件设计方法,使对具有多处理器的信息处理单体中各个处理器程序调试方式更加灵活。

基于成组技术的滚刀复合加工零编程系统开发

针对齿轮滚刀个性化、小批量的需求现状和多工序、低效率的加工现状,利用成组技术原理对齿轮滚刀进行分类,通过分析现存滚刀加工工艺设计车铣复合加工工艺,提出基于成组技术零编程实现滚刀的半成品加工。以整体式滚刀为研究对象,车铣复合机床BHR700V为平台,设计各工序的结构和工艺参数化变量,实现各工序的参数化编程,在西门子SINUMERIK 840d数控系统上开发出齿轮滚刀的定制化人机界面,并在车铣复合机床BHR700V上成功用于滚刀半成品加工。

Interface engineering via molecules/ions/groups for electrocatalytic water splitting

The electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen converts electric energy into clean hydrogen energy,which is a groundbreaking concept of energy optimization.To achieve high efficiency,numerous strategies have been developed to enhance the performance of electrocatalysts.Among these,interface engineering with molecules/ions/groups,serves as a versatile approach for optimizing the performance of electrocatalysts in water splitting.On the basis of numerous achievements in high-performance electrocatalysts engineered through molecules/ions/groups at interface,a comprehensive understanding of these advancements is crucial for guiding future progress.Herein,after providing a concise overview of the background,the interface engineering via molecules/ions/groups for electrocatalytic water splitting is demonstrated from three perspectives.Firstly,the engineering of electronic state of electrocatalysts by molecules/ions/groups at interface to reduce the Gibbs free energy of the corresponding reactions.Secondly,the modification of local microenvironment surrounding electrocatalysts via molecules/ions/groups at interface to enhance the transfer of reactants and products.Thirdly,the protection of electrocatalysts with molecule/ion/group fences improves their durability,including protecting active sites from leaching and defending them against harmful species.The fundamental principles of these three aspects are outlined for each,along with pertinent comments.Finally,several research directions and challenges are proposed.

基于JTAG的SoC芯片调试系统设计

文章提出了一种基于IEEE 1149.1 JTAG协议的SoC调试接口,该设计支持寄存器查看和设置、CPU调试、IP核调试、边界扫描测试等功能。对该接口的整体结构框图到设计都进行了详细的阐述。该接口成功地应用于测控SoC中,具有很好的参考价值。