Calcium acrylate is a polymerized grout, and can polymerize in an aqueous solution. The polymerization reaction utilizes ammonium persulfate as a catalyst and sodium thiosulfate as the activator. Based on the theory o...Calcium acrylate is a polymerized grout, and can polymerize in an aqueous solution. The polymerization reaction utilizes ammonium persulfate as a catalyst and sodium thiosulfate as the activator. Based on the theory of reaction kinetics, this study on the relation between gel time and concentration of activator and catalyst showed that gel time of calcium acrylate is inversely proportional to activator and catalyst concentration. A formula of gel time is proposed, and an example is provided to verify the proposed formula.展开更多
A real-time monitoring and 3D visualization analysis system is proposed for dam foundation curtain grouting. Based on the real-time control technology, the optimization method and the set theory, a mathematical model ...A real-time monitoring and 3D visualization analysis system is proposed for dam foundation curtain grouting. Based on the real-time control technology, the optimization method and the set theory, a mathematical model of the system is established. The real-time collection and transmission technology of the grouting data provides a data foundation for the system. The real-time grouting monitoring and dynamic alarming method helps the system control the grouting quality during the grouting process, thus, the abnormalities of grouting, such as jacking and hydraulic uplift, can be effectively controlled. In addition, the 3D grouting visualization analysis technology is proposed to establish the grouting information model(GIM). The GIM provides a platform to visualize and analyze the grouting process and results. The system has been applied to a hydraulic project of China as a case study, and the application results indicate that the real-time grouting monitoring and 3D visualization analysis for the grouting process can help engineers control the grouting quality more efficiently.展开更多
Grout injection is used for sealing or strengthening the ground in order to prevent water entrance or any failure after excavation.There are many methods of grouting.Permeation grouting is one of the most common types...Grout injection is used for sealing or strengthening the ground in order to prevent water entrance or any failure after excavation.There are many methods of grouting.Permeation grouting is one of the most common types in which the grout material is injected to the pore spaces of the ground.In grouting operations,the grout quality is important to achieve the best results.There are four main characteristics for a grout mixture including bleeding,setting time,strength,and viscosity.In this paper,we try to build some efficient grouting mixtures with different water to cement ratios considering these characteristics.The ingredients of grout mixtures built in this study are cement,water,bentonite,and some chemical additives such as sodium silicate,sodium carbonate,and triethanolamine(TEA).The grout mixtures are prepared for both of the sealing and strengthening purposes for a structural project.Effect of each abovementioned ingredient is profoundly investigated.Since each ingredient may have positive or negative aspect,an optimization of appropriate amount of each ingredient is determined.The optimization is based on 200 grout mixture samples with different percentages of ingredients.Finally,some of these grout mixtures are chosen for the introduced project.It should be mentioned that grouting operations depend on various factors such as pressure of injection,ground structure and grain size of soils.However,quality of a grout can be helpful to make an injection easier and reasonable.For example,during the injection,a wrong estimated setting time can destroy the injected grout by washing the grout or setting early which prevents grouting.This paper tries to show some tests in easy way to achieve a desirable sample of grout.展开更多
The performances of dry grinding fine cement (DFC) in grouting procedure were experimentally studied.The measurement of its fineness and simulated test for injectability showed that this DFC could be used to inject r...The performances of dry grinding fine cement (DFC) in grouting procedure were experimentally studied.The measurement of its fineness and simulated test for injectability showed that this DFC could be used to inject rock mass with micro fissure.In order to improve the grouting quality,the water cement ratio and discarding time of slurry should be controlled precisely.If the water cement ratio is over 2∶1 in slurry that is made from DFC,it is not suitable to grout.Finally,the influence of different mixing times on strength of hydrated cement made from the DFC is explained by microstructure analysis with SEM.展开更多
文摘Calcium acrylate is a polymerized grout, and can polymerize in an aqueous solution. The polymerization reaction utilizes ammonium persulfate as a catalyst and sodium thiosulfate as the activator. Based on the theory of reaction kinetics, this study on the relation between gel time and concentration of activator and catalyst showed that gel time of calcium acrylate is inversely proportional to activator and catalyst concentration. A formula of gel time is proposed, and an example is provided to verify the proposed formula.
基金Supported by the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51321065)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51339003 and No.51439005)
文摘A real-time monitoring and 3D visualization analysis system is proposed for dam foundation curtain grouting. Based on the real-time control technology, the optimization method and the set theory, a mathematical model of the system is established. The real-time collection and transmission technology of the grouting data provides a data foundation for the system. The real-time grouting monitoring and dynamic alarming method helps the system control the grouting quality during the grouting process, thus, the abnormalities of grouting, such as jacking and hydraulic uplift, can be effectively controlled. In addition, the 3D grouting visualization analysis technology is proposed to establish the grouting information model(GIM). The GIM provides a platform to visualize and analyze the grouting process and results. The system has been applied to a hydraulic project of China as a case study, and the application results indicate that the real-time grouting monitoring and 3D visualization analysis for the grouting process can help engineers control the grouting quality more efficiently.
文摘Grout injection is used for sealing or strengthening the ground in order to prevent water entrance or any failure after excavation.There are many methods of grouting.Permeation grouting is one of the most common types in which the grout material is injected to the pore spaces of the ground.In grouting operations,the grout quality is important to achieve the best results.There are four main characteristics for a grout mixture including bleeding,setting time,strength,and viscosity.In this paper,we try to build some efficient grouting mixtures with different water to cement ratios considering these characteristics.The ingredients of grout mixtures built in this study are cement,water,bentonite,and some chemical additives such as sodium silicate,sodium carbonate,and triethanolamine(TEA).The grout mixtures are prepared for both of the sealing and strengthening purposes for a structural project.Effect of each abovementioned ingredient is profoundly investigated.Since each ingredient may have positive or negative aspect,an optimization of appropriate amount of each ingredient is determined.The optimization is based on 200 grout mixture samples with different percentages of ingredients.Finally,some of these grout mixtures are chosen for the introduced project.It should be mentioned that grouting operations depend on various factors such as pressure of injection,ground structure and grain size of soils.However,quality of a grout can be helpful to make an injection easier and reasonable.For example,during the injection,a wrong estimated setting time can destroy the injected grout by washing the grout or setting early which prevents grouting.This paper tries to show some tests in easy way to achieve a desirable sample of grout.
文摘The performances of dry grinding fine cement (DFC) in grouting procedure were experimentally studied.The measurement of its fineness and simulated test for injectability showed that this DFC could be used to inject rock mass with micro fissure.In order to improve the grouting quality,the water cement ratio and discarding time of slurry should be controlled precisely.If the water cement ratio is over 2∶1 in slurry that is made from DFC,it is not suitable to grout.Finally,the influence of different mixing times on strength of hydrated cement made from the DFC is explained by microstructure analysis with SEM.
