To study the changes in physiological and biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep from the plateau area at different months of age,we measured the physiological and biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep reared in Hongyuan...To study the changes in physiological and biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep from the plateau area at different months of age,we measured the physiological and biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep reared in Hongyuan County of Sichuan Province according to their growth stages. The results showed that the respiration,body temperature and heart rate of Tibetan sheep at 3- 24 months of age were( 24. 60 ± 6. 33)-( 50. 30 ± 21. 18) times / min,( 39. 14 ± 0. 28) ℃-( 39. 64 ± 0. 17) ℃ and( 91. 00 ± 13. 27)-( 112. 00 ± 8. 69) times/min,respectively. The blood physiological indexes of Tibetan sheep including white blood cell count( WBC),hematocrit( HCT) and red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation( RDW- CV) at 3,6,15 and 18 months of age were relatively lower than those at 9,12,21 and 24 months of age. The blood physiological indexes including red blood cell count( RBC),mean corpuscular capacity( MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration( MCHC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin( MCH) at 3,6,15 and 18 months of age were relatively higher than those at 9,12,21 and 24 months of age,while hemoglobin( HGB) and platelet count( PLT) did not vary with months of age. For blood biochemical indexes,alanine aminotransferase( ALT),albumin( ALB),globulin( GLO) and total cholesterol( CHOL) reached the maximum values at 21 months of age; alkaline phosphatase( ALKP),lactate dehydrogenase( LDH),blood glucose( GLU) and pseudocholinesterase( PCHE) reached the maximum values at 3 months of age;and total calcium( CA),total protein( TP),aspartate aminotransferase( AST) reached the maximum values at 9,18 and 24 months of age,respectively.展开更多
Introduction: The impact of growth hormone therapy in children with short stature on cardiovascular prognosis seems to be unpredictable from big databases. The enhanced cardiovascular risk in this group of patients ma...Introduction: The impact of growth hormone therapy in children with short stature on cardiovascular prognosis seems to be unpredictable from big databases. The enhanced cardiovascular risk in this group of patients may be related to adverse autonomic imprinting by early life stress. Autonomic dysfunction and possible effects of growth hormone therapy on the autonomic nervous system can be measured easily by calculating heart rate variability (HRV) from Holter electrocardiogram monitoring. Methods: We performed HRV analysis prior to growth hormone therapy (N = 33), within the first year of growth hormone therapy between 4 and 10 years of age (N = 19), at least a further HRV measurement between 10 and 15 years (N = 30). Additional measurements were performed before and after cessation of growth hormone therapy (N = 14). Data were compared to untreated pediatric patients with short stature and to age matched healthy controls. Results: Untreated patients with short stature due to growth hormone deficiency or intrauterine growth restriction in early childhood have significantly increased heart rates most of all at night and concomitantly reduced global HRV indicated as Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal Intervals (SDNN). Growth hormone treated adolescents and the untreated patients with short stature show significantly elevated mean heart rates and concomitantly reduced vagus activities measured as reduced Route Mean Square Standard Deviation (RMSSD). After cessation of growth hormone treatment SDNN significantly increases and heart rate decreases to normal values in formerly treated patients with catch-up growth. Conclusion: There is a comparable autonomic dysfunction in treated and untreated children with short stature as an indicator for enhanced cardiovascular risk. After cessation of growth hormone therapy, we found a significant improvement of reduced HRV to normal values.展开更多
磺胺甲恶唑(sulfamethoxazole,SMX)作为一种广谱型抗生素,由于大量使用而在各类水体中广泛存在。为研究SMX对斑马鱼(Danio rerio)早期生命阶段的发育毒性,将3 hpf(hours post fertilization,受精后小时数)内的斑马鱼胚胎在不同浓度(空...磺胺甲恶唑(sulfamethoxazole,SMX)作为一种广谱型抗生素,由于大量使用而在各类水体中广泛存在。为研究SMX对斑马鱼(Danio rerio)早期生命阶段的发育毒性,将3 hpf(hours post fertilization,受精后小时数)内的斑马鱼胚胎在不同浓度(空白对照:0μg·L^(-1),S4:4μg·L^(-1),S40:40μg·L^(-1),S400:400μg·L^(-1))的磺胺甲恶唑溶液中暴露至120 hpf,观察统计斑马鱼胚胎的孵化率,仔鱼的死亡率、心率、体长和畸形率等发育参数,并检测斑马鱼体内生长激素(GH)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-Ⅰ)含量以及GH/IGF轴相关基因转录水平的变化。结果显示,40μg·L^(-1)和400μg·L^(-1)的SMX暴露会导致斑马鱼死亡率显著升高,体长明显缩短,并且对仔鱼有明显的致畸作用(心包囊肿、脊椎弯曲和尾部畸形等)。SMX暴露对斑马鱼的孵化率未产生显著影响,但会造成胚胎/仔鱼心率下降。此外,在SMX胁迫下,仔鱼体内GH和IGF-Ⅰ水平显著升高。而基因转录分析发现,S4、S40和S400不同处理组SMX暴露下调了gh1(相对表达量:0.30倍、0.17倍和0.10倍)、ghrb(相对表达量:0.74倍、0.36倍和0.39倍)、igf1(相对表达量:0.75倍、0.23倍和0.33倍)和igf1ra(相对表达量:0.49倍、0.22倍和0.72倍)等多个GH/IGF轴相关基因的转录水平,激素水平的变化相较于基因转录水平的变化可能存在滞后性。实验结果表明,SMX暴露对斑马鱼表现出胚胎发育毒性,可能通过减缓心脏搏动以及干扰GH/IGF轴来抑制斑马鱼仔鱼的早期生长。展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Interest of Ministry of Agriculture(201003061)
文摘To study the changes in physiological and biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep from the plateau area at different months of age,we measured the physiological and biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep reared in Hongyuan County of Sichuan Province according to their growth stages. The results showed that the respiration,body temperature and heart rate of Tibetan sheep at 3- 24 months of age were( 24. 60 ± 6. 33)-( 50. 30 ± 21. 18) times / min,( 39. 14 ± 0. 28) ℃-( 39. 64 ± 0. 17) ℃ and( 91. 00 ± 13. 27)-( 112. 00 ± 8. 69) times/min,respectively. The blood physiological indexes of Tibetan sheep including white blood cell count( WBC),hematocrit( HCT) and red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation( RDW- CV) at 3,6,15 and 18 months of age were relatively lower than those at 9,12,21 and 24 months of age. The blood physiological indexes including red blood cell count( RBC),mean corpuscular capacity( MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration( MCHC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin( MCH) at 3,6,15 and 18 months of age were relatively higher than those at 9,12,21 and 24 months of age,while hemoglobin( HGB) and platelet count( PLT) did not vary with months of age. For blood biochemical indexes,alanine aminotransferase( ALT),albumin( ALB),globulin( GLO) and total cholesterol( CHOL) reached the maximum values at 21 months of age; alkaline phosphatase( ALKP),lactate dehydrogenase( LDH),blood glucose( GLU) and pseudocholinesterase( PCHE) reached the maximum values at 3 months of age;and total calcium( CA),total protein( TP),aspartate aminotransferase( AST) reached the maximum values at 9,18 and 24 months of age,respectively.
文摘Introduction: The impact of growth hormone therapy in children with short stature on cardiovascular prognosis seems to be unpredictable from big databases. The enhanced cardiovascular risk in this group of patients may be related to adverse autonomic imprinting by early life stress. Autonomic dysfunction and possible effects of growth hormone therapy on the autonomic nervous system can be measured easily by calculating heart rate variability (HRV) from Holter electrocardiogram monitoring. Methods: We performed HRV analysis prior to growth hormone therapy (N = 33), within the first year of growth hormone therapy between 4 and 10 years of age (N = 19), at least a further HRV measurement between 10 and 15 years (N = 30). Additional measurements were performed before and after cessation of growth hormone therapy (N = 14). Data were compared to untreated pediatric patients with short stature and to age matched healthy controls. Results: Untreated patients with short stature due to growth hormone deficiency or intrauterine growth restriction in early childhood have significantly increased heart rates most of all at night and concomitantly reduced global HRV indicated as Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal Intervals (SDNN). Growth hormone treated adolescents and the untreated patients with short stature show significantly elevated mean heart rates and concomitantly reduced vagus activities measured as reduced Route Mean Square Standard Deviation (RMSSD). After cessation of growth hormone treatment SDNN significantly increases and heart rate decreases to normal values in formerly treated patients with catch-up growth. Conclusion: There is a comparable autonomic dysfunction in treated and untreated children with short stature as an indicator for enhanced cardiovascular risk. After cessation of growth hormone therapy, we found a significant improvement of reduced HRV to normal values.
