Call for Papers:Digital Intelligence Guarding:Special Issue on Intelligent Inspection and Digital Twin for Infrastructure

Currently,how to organically combine intelligent inspection and monitoring technologies,unmanned robotic operation technologies,IoT technologies,AI and digital twin technologies to construct a comprehensive and efficient intelligent management and maintenance system for infrastructure has become a hot issue of common concern in the academic and industrial fields.It is also an inevitable requirement for promoting the development of certain fields like smart urban and rural areas,safe cities,smart road networks,and intelligent transportation.

Between Science and Conscience

Guardians of the industrial galaxy:the transformative impact of humanoid robots Humanoid robots have become a familiar sight,particularly in science fiction films where they are often depicted as omnipotent beings.They are capable of caring for our families in real time,offering emotional companionship and even protecting Earth on our behalf.

Study of the influence of virtual guard ring width on the performance of SPAD detectors in 180 nm standard CMOS technology

The influence of the virtual guard ring width(GRW)on the performance of the p-well/deep n-well single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)in a 180 nm standard CMOS process was investigated.TCAD simulation demonstrates that the electric field strength and current density in the guard ring are obviously enhanced when GRW is decreased to 1μm.It is experimentally found that,compared with an SPAD with GRW=2μm,the dark count rate(DCR)and afterpulsing probability(AP)of the SPAD with GRW=1μm is significantly increased by 2.7 times and twofold,respectively,meanwhile,its photon detection probability(PDP)is saturated and hard to be promoted at over 2 V excess bias voltage.Although the fill factor(FF)can be enlarged by reducing GRW,the dark noise of devices is negatively affected due to the enhanced trap-assisted tunneling(TAT)effect in the 1μm guard ring region.By comparison,the SPAD with GRW=2μm can achieve a better trade-off between the FF and noise performance.Our study provides a design guideline for guard rings to realize a low-noise SPAD for large-array applications.

Guarding Our Blue Planet

Chinese young people are gearing up for preserving the ocean and marine wildlife.IU Qian is a diving instructor and an ardent volunteer for marine environmental protection.He has been to many tourist attractions around the world,such as the Nile River in Africa and the Red Sea lying between Africa and Asia.He turned his passion into a career,devoting himself to exploring deeper waters and sharing his knowledge and skills with more people in preserving the blue planet.

高氡浓度地震监测泉在标准仪器校准方法中的应用研究

基于水氡浓度为20000~100000 Bq·m^(-3)的新09泉、新10泉和新15泉,利用国际刻度参考装置Alpha GUARD测氡仪及其水氡测量组件,开展标准仪器传递校准实验研究,校准K值相对误差分别为3.60%、-0.81%及2.09%。实验结果与氡气固体源校准结果对比表明,水氡浓度在20000 Bq·m^(-3)以上水样可以通过标准仪器校准新方法检验,且利用不同水氡浓度的泉水不会影响校准结果准确性。新疆地球物理观测中心可利用高氡浓度的日常监测泉,将Alpha GUARD测氡仪作为标准仪器对FD-125型氡钍分析仪进行校准,从而替代固体氡源校准。本研究为地震监测氡观测的校准新方法操作技术规程及推广试用提供了数据支撑。

uBlock算法的低延迟一阶门限实现方法

目前已有文献给出了uBlock分组密码算法的侧信道防护方案,但是这些方案不仅延迟较高,难以适用于低延迟高吞吐场景,而且在毛刺探测模型下缺乏可证明安全性.针对这一问题,本文给出了在毛刺探测模型下具有可证明安全性的uBlock算法的低延迟门限实现方案.此外,我们引入了Changing of the Guards技术来避免防护方案在执行过程中需要额外随机数.对于防护方案的安全性,我们用自动化评估工具SILVER验证了S盒的毛刺探测安全性,并用泄露评估技术TVLA(Test Vector Leakage Assessment)验证了防护方案的整个电路的安全性.最后,我们用Design Compiler工具对防护方案的性能消耗情况进行了评估.评估结果显示,与序列化实现方式的uBlock防护方案相比,我们的防护方案的延迟能够减少约95%.

“Moisture Guardian”加湿器设计

设计说明:加湿器“Moisture Guardian”采用智能化控制系统,用户可以通过手机应用远程控制加湿器,随时随地调整湿度和风速,根据个人喜好创建定制化的舒适环境,同时,加湿器内置传感器能够实时监测环境湿度,自动调节工作模式,确保室内空气始终清新湿润。

Principle for the Installation of Accommodation for Sick guards in Public Health Establishments in Brazzaville in the Republic of Congo

The results of scientific studies of human social facts in the field of health show that the management of a patient should involve the patient’s entourage,whatever the status or size of the health establishment.In healthcare establishments in the Congo,the following are recognised as being responsible for medical care:specialist doctors,doctors,midwives,nurses and care assistants.The patient’s family and close friends are responsible for looking after the patient and financing care.The hospital infrastructure does not provide any space for the patient warden who accompany the patient during reception and hospitalisation.This makes Congolese hospitals inefficient for patient care.How can we integrate the function of the Sick guard and the assistance of the family,in order to reduce the mortality rate and repair the harm caused to patients requiring the presence of relatives during their stay in hospital,which is considered to be a dangerous place?This article examines the functional principles for configuring the space that patient warden would occupy in the patient care system.On the basis of a documentary analysis of sociological and architectural studies of existing facilities,this article proposes a typical accommodation model with the spaces needed to ensure the well-being and effectiveness of the patient warden with the patient.These are rooms with minimum space for 2 to 4 individual beds,equipped with toilets and showers.The accommodation has a dining area,kitchen and laundry facilities.In the future,this accommodation will become part of the hospital estate and may be occupied by orderlies and patient warden recruited by the hospital administration.

A Train Adventure of Wild Animals

An empty goods train was speedingthrough a jungle. Up front, in the engire,was the driver and at the back, in the lastcompartment, was the guard, Apart fromthem, the entire train was empty.A goods train carries goods like logs ofwood, or boxes of chocolate and even carsand jeeps. But this train had been carryingcoal, After unloading all the coal, the emptytrain was going back to get more coal.

Dialogue with the Millennium-Old Hongjue Temple

Hongjue Temple is located in the central district of Xining City,Qinghai Province.It consists of three main courtyards.After entering the entrance gate and the Buddhist Guardian Hall followed behind,we shall see the front courtyard flanked by two bell and drum towers,the middle courtyard with the grand hall housing the three Buddhas the temple mainly worships,and finally the rear courtyard that contains some meditation rooms and a garden.All these magnificent halls,yards,and the garden together create a peaceful and pure land of sanctity amid the bustling city.

Guardians of the Source Region of the Yangtze River

In the early morning,Rinchen Gyatso in Maqu Township,Amdo County,Nagqu City,Xizang Autonomous Region,set off and embarked on another day's patrolling.As the head of the volunteer team to patrol the source of the Yangtze River in Maqu,protecting the precious glacier and many wastelands along the route is the most important job for him.

Guard banding技术在计量校准中的实施探讨

做计量校准时,通常被校对象(UUT)的测量误差接近最大误差限的时候,评估这个校准点是否在允许误差范围内,是有一定困难的。该文探讨在校准工作中,利用Guard banding技术与逐点报告测量不确定度几种实施方法结合,具有一定的参考意义。

Study on the Relationship Between the Ploidy Level of Microspore-Derived Plants and the Number of Chloroplast in Stomatal Guard Cells in Brassica oleracea

The relationship between the ploidy level of microspore-derived plants and chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells was studied in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale. In the experiment, distribution statistics analysis and t-test were used to perform statistical analysis on chloroplast number of different ploidy level in those stomatal guard cells mentioned above, and morphology identifying and chromosome counting were used to test accuracy of counting chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells. The chloroplast average number in stomatal guard cells was very similar among the different leaf positions on the same plant and among significantly among the different ploidy the different locations in the same stoma in the same variety. All the leaf, while the chloroplast number varied distributions of the chloroplast number in different ploidy stoma were normal distribution fitted. A correlation has been established between ploidy and chloroplast number in the stomatal guard cells. In every single stoma of microspore-derived plants, the chloroplast number for a haploid should not be more than 10, diploids 11 to 15, and polyploids more than 15. The accuracy of this method for identification of different ploidy plants was 93.93%. Furthermore, the accuracy of this method was reliable and did not vary with the plants growth conditions. Therefore, the chromosome ploidy of plants derived from microspore culture in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale can be identified by simply counting the chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells.

Measurement of radon concentrations in soil and the extent of their impact on the environment from Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia

Soil gas radon 222Rn concentration was measured at 12 location in the Al-Qassim area, using radon gas analyzer-type Alpha GUARD 2000 PRQ from Genitron Instruments (Germany). In each location four different depths were taken for soil gas measurements, staring from the ground surface. The results suggested that the largest concentration was 340 ± 22 Bq/m3 for 60cm depth at in Al-Tarfia point sample P3, and the smallest concentration was 26 ± 5 Bq/m3 for surface 0 cm depth at El-Bakria, point sample P5. The results obtained from this study indicate that the region has background radioactivity levels within the natural limits.

Characteristics of Hydrotreating Reaction in VRDS Units Located along the Yangtze River and Overall Solution for Long-cycle Running

The VRDS feedstock processed in refineries along the Yangtze River has special characteristics, including high Fe and Ca content, and low sulfur and high nitrogen content. Depending upon feedstock properties and operating conditions,some approaches have been developed by the SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP), which include installing the decalcification facility, developing new guard catalysts and HDCCR catalysts, implementing a new catalyst grading approach, developing a highly efficient distribution technology and applying RICP process in some refineries.The application effects have revealed that the integrated technology, which can be conducive to the long-cycle operation developed by RIPP, can maximize the deposits uptake capacity of the guard reactor and the activity of grading catalysts.

Effects of Exterior Abscisic Acid on Calcium Distribution of Mesophyll Cells and Calcium Concentration of Guard Cells in Maize Seedlings

In this study, the direct effects of exterior abscisic acid （ABA） on both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells were examined. The distribution of Ca^2＋ localization were observed with calcium antimonate precipitate-electromicroscopic-cyto-chemical methods after treated with ABA and pretreated with ethylene glycol-bis-（2-aminoethylether）-N,N,N＇,N＇-tetraacetic acid （EGTA）, verapamil （Vp）, and trifluoperazine （TFP）. The laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to measure the cytosolic calcium concentrations of guard cells under different treatments. The results showed that the cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration of mesophyll ceils was induced to increase by ABA, but to decrease in both outside cell and the vacuoles within 10 rain after treatments. The cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells was increased gradually with the lag in treatment time. However, both EGTA and TFP could inverse those effects, indicating that the increase of cytosolic calcium induced by exterior ABA was mainly caused by calcium influx. The results also showed that calmodulin could influence both the calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and calcium concentration of guard cells. It shows that calmodulin participates in the process of ABA signal transduction, but the mechanism is not known as yet. The changes both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and calcium concentration of guard cells further proved that the variations of cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration induced by ABA were involved in the stomatal movements of maize seedlings.

Combined spatial-temporal energy harvesting and relay selection for cognitive wireless powered networks

In order to improve the Energy Efficiency(EE)and spectrum utilization of Cognitive Wireless Powered Networks(CWPNs),a combined spatial-temporal Energy Harvesting(EH)and relay selection scheme is proposed.In the proposed scheme,for protecting the Primary User(PU),a two-layer guard zone is set outside the PU based on the outage probability threshold of the PU.Moreover,to increase the energy of the CWPNs,the EH zone in the two-layer guard zone allows the Secondary Users(SUs)to spatially harvest energy from the Radio Frequency(RF)signals of temporally active PUs.To improve the utilization of the PU spectrum,the guard zone outside the EH zone allows for the constrained power transmission of SUs.Moreover,the relay selection transmission is designed in the transmission zone of the SU to improve the EE of the CWPNs.In addition to the EE of the CWPNs,the outage probabilities of the SU and PU are derived.The results reveal that the setting of a two-layer guard zone can effectively reduce the outage probability of the PU and improve the EE of CWPNs.Furthermore,the relay selection transmission decreases the outage probabilities of the SUs.

Occupation, Physical Fitness and Adiposity Markers among Security Guards and Students of Delhi University

Physical fitness and health are reciprocal to each other and examining adiposity is an important parameter to assess physical fitness. The present study examines the relationship between different adiposity markers and physical fitness based on occupation. A cross sectional sample of 82 security guards (mean age: 36.86 ± 8.72) and 43 students (mean age: 23.4 ± 3.86) of Delhi University were studied. Anthropometric measurements (height, body weight, waist and hip circumference) and socio-demographic characteristics were ascertained. Body composition parameters (body fat percentage, fat mass, fat free mass, muscle mass, total body water, bone mass and visceral fat) were assessed by bioelectric-impedance method using Tanita Body Composition Analyzer (BCA). Harvard step test was performed to test the physical fitness using Rapid Fitness Index. Student’s t test was used to compare the physical fitness and adiposity markers between the security guards and the students. ANOVA was used to categorize the level of physical fitness with adiposity markers amongst the two groups. As RFI scores decreased, mean value of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, MUAC, fat mass, visceral fat and BMI increased among the security guards showing a trend which indicates that with an increase in adiposity, the tendency to perform physical work decreases. However, no consistent trend as such was observed amongst the students between the RFI categories. Nevertheless, Delhi University students were found to be more physically fit than the security guards that may be attributable to the differences in their leisure time physical activity preferences and occupational workloads besides the underlying genetic, metabolic or dietary influences. Workplace interventions to reduce occupational sitting among the university security guards may boost cardiorespiratory fitness in the long run.

Energy Efficiency for NPUSCH in NB-IoT with Guard Band

Narrowband Internet of Things(NB-IoT)has been proposed to support deep coverage(in building)and extended geographic coverage of IoT.In this paper,a power control scheme for maximizing energy efficiency(EE)of narrowband physical uplink shared channel(NPUSCH)with the guard band is proposed.First,we form the optimization problem based on the signal model with the interferences of narrowband physical random access channel(NPRACH)which are caused by the non-orthogonality of NPUSCH and NPRACH.Then,a method of reserving guard bands is proposed to reduce these interferences.Based on it,an efficient iterative power control algorithm is derived to solve the optimization problem,which adopts fractional programming.Numerical simulation results show that NPUSCH with the guard band has better performance in EE than that without the guard band.

Comparative Analyses of Stomatal Size and Density among Ecotypes of <i>Aster hispidus</i>(Asteraceae)

To determine the size and the density of stomata among different environments, we conducted anatomical analyses using Aster hispidus var. hispidus (open field), As. hispidus var. leptocladus (serpentine soil), and As. hispidus var. insularis (coastal). The stomatal size was not significantly different among these ecotypes but the density of stomata in the serpentine and coastal ecotypes was significantly lower than that of As. hispidus var. hispidus, which suggests that these ecotypes have experienced selection that reduced the density of stomata for adaptation to the dry conditions of serpentine and coastal areas.