Tactile Response Characterization of a Dynamic System Using Craig-Bampton Method

Vibrational characteristics in small horizontal axis wind turbine system are presented in this study with a system concept called tactile response and substructuring.The main focus is on managing the dynamic properties like vibration,noise,and harshness that occur during the operational mode.Tactile response is defined as the response of subsystem which is induced when a human body touches a vibrating system.Sub structuring is a computational method used to reduce the dynamic behavior of a large complex system with a smaller number of degrees of freedom without disturbing the mesh size of the model.Sub structuring has the ability to combine numerical results along with the experimental results.Combination of substructuring and tactile response is applied in this study.Mode shapes of the system are analyzed and results obtained are correlated within this study to provide better optimization of the results.Wind turbine excited with wind energy depends on wind speed.Torsional vibration has a significant role in determining dynamic properties.Torsional vibration is caused as a result of the rotation of the turbine blade and depends on wind speed.The study gives importance to investigating the ability to simulate the numerical method and tactile response to predict and improve dynamic properties.

Nonlinear vibration response characteristics of a dual-rotor-bearing system with squeeze film damper

Rolling bearing and Squeeze Film Damper(SFD)are used in rotor support structures,and most researches on the nonlinear rotor-bearing system are focused on the simple rotor-bearing systems.This work emphasizes the comparative analysis of the influence of SFD on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the dual-rotor system supported by rolling bearings.Firstly,a reduced dynamic model is established by combining the Finite Element(FE)method and the freeinterface method of component mode synthesis.The proposed model is verified by comparing the natural characteristics obtained from an FE model with those from the experiment.Then,the steady-state vibration responses of the system with or without SFD are solved by the numerical integration method.The influences of the ball bearing clearance,unbalance,centralizing spring stiffness and oil film clearance of SFD on the nonlinear steady-state vibration responses of the dual-rotor system are analyzed.Results show that SFD can effectively suppress the amplitude jump of the dual rotor system sustaining two rotors unbalance excitations.As the ball bearing clearance or unbalance increases,the amplitude jump phenomenon becomes more obvious,the resonance hysteresis phenomenon strengthens or weakens,the resonant peaks shift to the left or the right,respectively.SFD with unreasonable parameters will aggravate the system vibration,the smaller the oil film clearance,the better the damping performance of the SFD,the larger the centralizing spring stiffness is,the larger resonance amplitudes are.

Stochastic Response Analysis of Piled Offshore Platforms to Earthquake Load

In this paper, using the theory of stochastic analysis of the response to earthquake load, a stochastic analysis method of the response of piled platforms to earthquake load has been established. In the method, the strong ground motion is considered as three dimensional stationary white noise process and the pile-soil interaction and water-structure interaction are considered. The stochastic response of a typical platform to earthquake load has been computed with this method and the results compared with those obtained with the response spectrum analysis method. The comparison shows that the stochastic analysis method of the response of piled platforms to earthquake load is suitable for this kind of analysis.

GENERAL ANALYTIC SOLUTION OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF BEAMS WITH NONHOMOGENEITY AND VARIABLE CROSS-SECTION

In this paper, a new method, the step-reduction method, is proposed to investigate the dynamic response of the Bernoulli-Euler beams with arbitrary nonhomogeneity and arbitrary variable cross-section under arbitrary loads. Both free vibration and forced vibration of such beams are studied. The new method requires to discretize the space domain into a number of elements. Each element can be treated as a homogeneous one with uniform thickness. Therefore, the general analytical solution of homogeneous beams with uniform cross-section can be used in each element. Then, the general analytic solution of the whole beam in terms of initial parameters can be obtained by satisfying the physical and geometric continuity conditions at the adjacent elements. In the case of free vibration, the frequency equation in analytic form can be obtained, and in the case of forced vibration, a final solution in analytical form can also be obtained which is involved in solving a set of simultaneous algebraic equations with only two unknowns which are independent of the numbers of elements divided. The present analysis can also be extended to the study of the vibration of such beams with viscous and hysteretic damping and other kinds of beams and other structural elements with arbitrary nonhomogeneity and arbitrary variable thickness.

Dynamics response analysis of airborne external storage system with clearance between missile-frame

Considering the aircraft and its external components are subjected to complex and variable aerodynamic loads during the working process,the missile-frame clearance system of the airborne external missile is investigated.The random vibration characteristics of the airborne external components are analyzed by finite element method.The finite element model is optimized with reference to the test results,and the effects of different clearance on the dynamic response of the missile-frame system are compared.The result shows that the frequency response curves of the same position and the resonant peak frequencies are consistent under different clearances.The acceleration response at both ends of the missile is large and the amplitude near the center of mass is gentle.The results can be used to predict reasonable missile-frame clearance and make guidance to the structural design and reliability analysis of the missile-frame system.

大跨度公铁两用斜拉-悬索协作体系桥断索动力响应

研究大跨度公铁两用斜拉-悬索协作体系桥在极端作用下发生断索时桥梁结构及桥上列车的动力响应,以G3铜陵长江公铁大桥为研究对象,建立全桥有限元模型;研究各个位置斜拉索、吊索断裂后桥梁结构的动力响应;研究在列车-桥梁耦合振动作用下,各断索组合工况中桥梁及列车的动力响应.结果表明:斜拉-悬索协作体系桥具有较高的结构刚度及安全冗余;在单根斜拉索、吊索断索后,可保持列车通行;在吊索区域单侧发生4根以上断索,可导致连续断索破坏;在斜拉索-吊索交替及斜拉索区域,单侧断索达到8根也不会发生连续断索破坏;断索动力放大系数取2.0合理,但仅对断索位置附近剩余吊索和斜拉索具有工程应用价值;当断索发生时,若列车经过,列车竖向加速度会发生突变,但仍在安全范围内;剩余斜拉索与吊索动应力增加主要来自于主梁作用,列车作用占比不超过13%.

悬臂同轴双转子系统不平衡耦合振动抑制试验研究

针对悬臂同轴双转子系统不平衡耦合振动突出问题,以某开式转子发动机输出端双转子系统为研究对象,对悬臂双转子系统振动耦合机理进行了理论推导、仿真分析和试验研究。首先,采用有限元法(FEM)建立了双转子系统等效动力学模型和耦合动力学方程,分析了悬臂同轴双转子系统耦合振动机理;然后,利用有限元软件对双转子系统进行了模态分析、临界转速分析以及不平衡响应分析,建立了自敏感系数概念以定量评价系统对不平衡振动的敏感度和耦合状态;最后,根据实际结构设计了悬臂同轴双转子实验台,进行了不同转速比下的不平衡振动抑制实验,并结合实验结果对仿真结果进行了验证。研究结果表明:模拟仿真提出的自敏感系数可作为双转子系统实际振动测点布置和不平衡振动抑制策略的理论依据;通过应用先平衡内转子后平衡外转子的不平衡振动分步抑振策略,可使双转子系统不平衡振动降幅达80%以上。该研究对双转子系统传感器测点布局和系统耦合振动抑制具有一定的指导意义。

基于谐响应的大型异步电机电磁振动分析

大型异步电机的电磁振动是电机振动的主要构成部分,对电机振动等级的评估需要进行准确的电磁振动分析,本文以一台10 kV兆瓦级大型异步电机为对象进行电磁振动分析。首先对完整的电机模型进行模态分析,求解固有频率及对应振型,并实验测量了电机实际运行时的固有频率;然后将电磁场二维有限元计算得到的径向电磁力作为载荷,对该电机进行谐响应分析,最后与实验测得的振动速率对比。结果表明,基于电机整机模型的模态分析和谐响应分析可以较为准确地分析大型异步电机电磁振动,能够为电机的优化设计或电磁振动抑制提供理论依据。

基于有限元法的超声辅助线锯单晶硅表面粗糙度影响规律

为研究超声振动辅助切割单晶硅对硅片的表面粗糙度的影响,利用ABAQUS软件建立单颗磨粒切割单晶硅的二维仿真模型,通过响应面法(RSM)分析仿真数据,获得单晶硅表面粗糙度与设定的线切割工艺参数之间的交互关系,研究单颗磨粒在不同工艺参数下对单晶硅表面粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明,通过建立评价表面粗糙度与工艺参数之间的回归模型,并对模型进行目标优化,得到最佳的工艺参数为:超声频率f=31 kHz,超声振幅A=10μm,磨粒速度vl=28 m/s,磨粒倾角θ=-15°,磨粒半锥角φ=60°。

Identification of hydrodynamic coefficients from experiment of vortex-induced vibration of slender riser model

One of the challenges in predicting the dynamic response of deepwater risers under vortex-induced vibration (VIV) is that it runs short of believable fluid loading model. Moreover, the hydrodynamic loading is also difficult to be measured directly in the VIV experiments without disturbing the fluid field. In the present work, by means of a finite element analysis method based on the experimental data of the response displacements, the total instantaneous distributions of hydrodynamic forces together with the hydrodynamic coefficients on the riser model with large aspect ratio (length/diameter) of 1750 are achieved. The steady current speeds considered in the experiments of this work are ranging from 0.15 m/s to 0.60 m/s, giving the Reynolds Number between 2400 and 9600. The hydrodynamic coefficients are evaluated at the fundamental frequency and in the higher order frequency components for both in-line and cross-flow directions. It is found that the Root-Mean Squared hydrodynamic forces of the higher order response frequency are larger than those of the fundamental response frequency. Negative lift or drag coefficients are found in the numerical results which is equivalent to the effect of fluid damping.

特高压输电线路塔线体系风振响应特性及对登塔人员影响分析

登塔是输电线路施工、巡视和检修的重要技术手段,而特高压输电线路截面大且为高耸的塔线耦合的弱阻尼系统,其风致振动特性及其对登塔作业人员的影响对确保作业和人员安全具有重要意义。针对±800 kV直流输电线路建立了输电线路塔线耦合体系有限元模型,基于风速随高度变化的Kaimal谱和谐波叠加法生成了2 m高风速分别为6、8、10 m/s的风速时程,应用模拟的风荷载对三塔两线体系在A、B两种地形下的风振响应进行了时域分析,并讨论了铁塔振动对登塔作业人员的影响。结果表明:在2 m高风速为6 m/s时,A、B塔线体系整体风速都没有超过10 m/s,铁塔各部位风致振动的位移较小,典型作业位置处作业人员基本没有不舒适感;在2 m高风速为10 m/s时,铁塔横担以及地线支架处位移较大,作业人员的登塔作业人员感到极不舒适,存在高空坠落风险。建议登塔作业人员测量风速时将地面测量的风速修正到作业位置高度处,修正值小于10 m/s再进行登塔作业。

竖弯涡振作用下桥上列车行车安全舒适性研究

为研究高速铁路桥梁竖弯涡振对桥上列车行车安全舒适性的影响,以某大跨公铁两用斜拉桥和CRH2型动车组为背景,进行风-车-轨-桥耦合系统振动分析。基于ANSYS与SIMPACK联合仿真平台,引入桥梁涡激力数值模型,建立风-车-轨-桥耦合系统振动模型,对比10 m/s平均风速下主梁发生与未发生竖弯涡振时桥梁和列车的动力响应,并分析不同列车速度的影响。结果表明:竖弯涡振会加剧桥梁和列车的竖向响应,而列车的存在会使发生竖弯涡振时的桥梁竖向位移和加速度分别降低31.8%和42.4%,对主梁竖弯涡振具有一定的抑制作用;主梁发生竖弯涡振时列车行车安全性指标峰值和竖向舒适性指标(竖向加速度和竖向Sperling指标)峰值明显大于未发生竖弯涡振时,并均随着车速的增大而增大;当车速超过230 km/h时,列车轮重减载率超过安全限值0.6,当车速超过200 km/h时,桥上列车竖向加速度超过安全限值1.3 m/s^(2)。

桨-轴-艇耦合模型轴承分布式弹簧建模方法

针对桨-轴-艇耦合模型建模中轴承简化合理性问题,研究轴承简化为弹簧单元分布和刚度的合理性和可行性.建立桨-轴-艇耦合系统尾部模型,并将轴承简化为弹簧单元,分析弹簧单元分布和刚度变化对振动响应结果的影响.结果表明:在刚度比例系数λ=1时,多排分布弹簧模型的振动响应结果与原模型结果最接近.通过简化桨-轴-艇耦合系统尾部模型中的轴承减少单元和节点数量,提高仿真计算效率.

弹性支承下大跨连续梁桥车桥耦合振动响应分析

为探讨弹性支承下梁桥车桥耦合振动响应,用弹簧-阻尼单元模拟支座,采用9自由度三轴空间整车模型,以三跨连续箱梁桥为研究对象,建立车桥耦合方程,利用ANSYS软件二次开发语言APDL进行仿真分析。研究分析了在弹性支承下,支座刚度、路面不平整度、车速以及行车间距对大跨连续梁桥车桥耦合动力响应的影响。研究结果表明,当支座刚度较小时,支座刚度变化对桥梁动力响应的影响较大,而当支座刚度较大时,支座刚度变化对桥梁的动力响应较小;路面等级越低,桥梁振动频率越趋向于低频化,当与桥梁固有频率接近时,动力响应尤为激烈;车速与行车间距对跨中挠度影响不大,对冲击系数与加速度幅值有较大影响,控制行车速度,保持良好车距可以有效减少车桥耦合振动响应。

横波可控震源振动器—大地耦合振动数值模拟

横波可控震源与大地之间的耦合振动关系复杂,涉及非均匀接触、土壤弹塑性、摩擦、埋深等多种非线性影响因素,但现阶段尚未见横波可控震源振动器—大地耦合振动实用模型及其响应特性的系统研究。为此,基于有限元法建立了考虑多种非线性影响因素的横波可控震源振动器—大地耦合振动三维数值仿真模型,从接触界面应力分布与变形、振动输出力、激发应力波传播以及能量传递特性等方面深入分析了振动器—大地耦合振动响应特性,同时研究了土壤类别、弹性模量、黏度等地表条件参数对响应特性的影响规律。结果表明:受加载方式及土壤塑性变形的影响,振动器两侧平板与大地的接触不对称,易引发平板的局部脱耦;振动器的有效水平输出力仅为接触力的一部分,其应力波曲线存在明显的谐波畸变;振动器传递给大地的有效能量较有限,耦合系统的有效能量传递率很低;土壤参数对振动器的输出以及能量传递特性影响显著,振动器在黏土中的激发效果更好,土壤弹性模量是振动器平板是否脱耦的主控因素,土壤黏聚力的增加能显著改善系统的能量传递特性。因此,利用数值模拟可有效分析振动器—大地耦合振动响应,可为横波可控震源振动器结构设计及优化等提供理论参考。

有限元方法在钢箱梁匝道桥结构振动分析中的应用

文中以山东临临高速M匝道2号桥钢箱梁匝道桥为研究对象,借助有限元软件ANSYS模拟荷载作用下钢箱梁的工况,分析了其载荷条件下的振动响应。通过将模拟数据与实测动载试验结果对比发现,理论计算对应振型与实测各阶振型基本保持一致,这表明有限元分析方法对于判断桥梁运行具有较大的实际意义。

转子系统瞬态不平衡响应的有限元分析

推导了简单Jeffcott转子几何中心运动的解析表达式及转子系统瞬态振动的幅值 ,详细讨论了转子系统通过临界转速时初始条件引起的瞬态振动、同频振动和伴随自由振动的特性以及阻尼和启动加速度对系统瞬态响应的影响。此外建立了弹性转子系统的有限元模型 ,通过直接积分法求得系统的瞬态响应 ,得到系统通过临界转速时的共振幅值 ,并与试验取得一致的结果。本文的分析对工程中合理地进行转子系统参数设计 ,考虑共振区的迟滞现象 。

铁路环境振动对厂房内精密仪器的影响分析

以龙烟铁路沿线厂房内的精密仪器为研究对象,利用有限元法,建立轨道-桥梁及桥墩-基础-土体计算模型,计算货车在不同运行速度下引起的大地振动响应,得出振动加速度、速度及位移沿距离的衰减规律,分析铁路环境振动对铁路沿线厂房内精密仪器的影响。研究表明:列车速度对振动响应的影响较大,速度越高,地面上相同位置上的振动响应越大;振动加速度、速度和位移沿距离的衰减特性基本一致,呈现指数曲线的衰减规律;若不考虑精密仪器的自身隔振能力,两列货车以120 km/h和100 km/h的速度在精密仪器附近交会时,加速度、位移及y方向的速度预测值满足仪器振动限值要求,x和z方向的速度预测值超出了仪器振动限值要求;考虑精密仪器自身基础的隔振能力后,振动预测值均满足仪器振动限值要求。

粘弹性结构动力学分析的等效粘性阻尼算法

分析粘弹性材料结构的振动,通常采用积分-微分形式的运动方程,有别于结构动力学中经常采用的 K—C—M形式的运动方程。因此分析者往往需要编制专用程序,从而增加成本,降低效率。建立了一组与积分-微分 形式等效的K—C—M形式的运动方程,使得粘弹性结构的动力学分析可以直接利用通用的FEM程序,而不必作任何 修改和扩充。

爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土梁的动力响应及破坏形态分析

对基于Timoshenko梁理论建立的非线性动力有限元法作了改进。根据压区理论得到混凝土的平均剪应力和平均剪应变关系,建立了能反映箍筋的抗剪作用的材料模型;此外,对结构在爆炸荷载作用下可能出现的各种响应现象进行了描述,以准确地预测梁破坏时不同位置截面上钢筋和混凝土的受力、变形及破坏情况。应用改进的材料模型,对爆炸荷载作用下的五个钢筋混凝土试验梁的动力响应和破坏形态进行了数值模拟,结果表明,该数值方法能较好地模拟钢筋混凝土梁的弯曲、弯剪和剪切等破坏形态。