Protective Effects of Mongolian Medicine Borantunggal on Rats with Chronic Renal Insufficiency

[Objectives]To observe the protective effects of Mongolian medicine Borantunggal on rats with chronic renal insufficiency.[Methods]Male Wister rats were gavaged with 50 mg/kg/d adenine for 12 consecutive weeks,and were intervened with positive control drug Niaoduqing and three groups of different doses of Mongolian medicine Borantunggal.The rats general state,such as body posture,hair color,activity status,renal function,thyroid gland,adrenal gland,and gonadal hormone levels,expression levels of inflammatory mediators,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and nuclear factor-κB(P65)in renal tissue,and histopathological changes of rat kidney were observed before and after treatment.[Results]The recovery of the general state of rats with chronic renal insufficiency in the low dose group after intervention with Mongolian medicine Borantunggal was the most obvious.Compared with the model group,the level of CRE in the low dose Mongolian medicine group decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the normal group,the 24-h urinary protein in the low dose Mongolian medicine group had a declining trend,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The urea level in low,medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups showed a declining trend,and the effect of low dose Mongolian medicine was better.Compared with the model group,the feed intake of the low dose Mongolian medicine group had an increasing trend,while P and TCHO also had a declining trend.Compared with the model group,the levels of LH and COR in the low,medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups decreased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of T,T3 and T4 were significantly increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the effect of low dose Mongolian medicine was better.Compared with the model group,the levels of IL-6,TNF-αand HIF-1 in the low,medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups were significantly reduced,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of TGF-β1 and Ang II in the low dose Mongolian medicine group were significantly reduced,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of TGF-β1 in the medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of NF-κB P65 andα-SMA proteins in the low dose Mongolian medicine group showed a declining trend,which was better than Niaoduqing.[Conclusions]Mongolian medicine Borantunggal has significant protective and preventive effects on rats with adenine-induced chronic renal insufficiency.In particular,the dose of 0.31 kg/d had the most significant protective effect.Its action mechanism may be related to regulating hormone levels in the body,improving renal function,reducing renal inflammatory response,reducing the"three highs"in the kidney,and inhibiting renal tubular epithelial cell-to-mesenchymal transition and deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM).

绞股蓝总皂甙对慢性肾功能不全大鼠血浆内皮素含量和肾功能的影响

目的：研究绞股蓝总皂甙（ＧＰ）对慢性肾功能不全（ＣＲＩ）大鼠血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）含量和肾功能的影响。方法：用腺嘌呤灌胃建立大鼠ＣＲＩ模型，并用ＧＰ进行防治，以放射免疫法测定血浆ＥＴ含量，常规方法测定血尿素氮、血肌酐和血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）含量。结果：ＧＰ加ＣＲＩ组大鼠肾功能明显改善，Ｈｂ明显升高，ＥＴ含量明显降低；与ＣＲＩ组大鼠比较，各项指标均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＧＰ对ＣＲＩ大鼠有明显的ＥＴ拮抗作用和改善肾功能作用。

慢性肾功能不全患者血浆内皮素、血栓素B_2及6-酮-前列腺素F_(1α)含量及其临床意义

目的：观察慢性肾功能不全患者血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）、血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）和６酮前列腺素Ｆ１α（６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α）含量及其临床意义。方法：使用放射免疫分析法检测１４例氮质血症及１０例尿毒症患者血浆ＥＴ、ＴＸＢ２和６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α含量，并与正常对照组比较。结果：氮质血症组血浆ＥＴ为６５．３８±１９．１８ｎｇ／Ｌ，ＴＸＢ２为１０５．８４±９６．２４ｎｇ／Ｌ，６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α为３６．１４±３０．７２ｎｇ／Ｌ；尿毒症组ＥＴ为１２６．５０±５３．５５ｎｇ／Ｌ，ＴＸＢ２为３７２．６５±２８６．２２ｎｇ／Ｌ，６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α为２３．６２±１４．５６ｎｇ／Ｌ，均明显高于正常对照组。此外，结果还显示，血液透析（血透）后患者血ＥＴ含量显著下降（６４．１２±２５．１６ｎｇ／Ｌ与１２４．２８±５１．４１ｎｇ／Ｌ）。结论：慢性肾功能不全患者血浆ＥＴ含量升高，尤以尿毒症期为显著，血透后可降低。特别是早期血透对消除尿毒症高ＥＴ血症具有重要临床意义。本资料为临床应用ＥＴ拮抗剂治疗慢性肾功能不全提供参考依据。

用国产腺嘌呤制作大鼠慢性肾功能不全实验模型

大鼠经0.75％腺嘌呤饲料长期喂养能引起与人体慢性肾功不全相类似的代谢异常。包括氮质血症,中分子物质蓄积及电解质代谢紊乱。病理可见:腺嘌呤组大鼠肾小管及肾间质严重损害。实验结果提示给大鼠30天腺嘌呤饲料能提供研究人体慢性肾功不全相类似的动物模型。

益肾活血胶囊抗肾纤维化的实验研究

目的:观察益肾活血胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)大鼠肾组织纤维化及血浆内皮素(ET)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的影响。方法:用腺嘌呤灌胃建立大鼠 CRF 模型,予益肾活血胶囊进行防治。结果:治疗组大鼠肾功能明显改善,ET 及 TNF 在血浆中含量明显降低,和病理组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。肾组织病理见病理组病损严重,肾小球系膜细胞增生,间质明显纤维化,而治疗组则明显减轻。结论:益肾活血胶囊具有改善肾功能,拮抗血浆 ET 及 TNF,抗肾纤维化的作用。

缬沙坦治疗冠心病并慢性肾功能不全的临床疗效及对转化生长因子β_1、内皮素水平的影响评价

目的探讨缬沙坦治疗冠心病并慢性肾功能不全的临床效果,并分析其对内皮素与转化生长因子β1水平的影响。方法方便选择该院2015年3月—2016年7月所收治的82例冠心病并慢性肾功能不全患者作为该次研究病例,对患者进行分组治疗,分组方式按照就诊时间的不同,研究组和对照组各41例,对照组应用常规药物治疗,研究组在此基础上行缬沙坦治疗,对比分析两组患者的临床效果,观察24 h尿蛋白定量、尿素氮、血肌酐以及转化生长因子β1水平(TGF-β1)、内皮素(ET)水平与不良反应发生情况。结果研究组患者的临床总有效率(95.12%)显著高于对照组(73.17%),(χ~2=7.404 7,P=0.006 5),研究组治疗后24 h尿蛋白定量、尿素氮与血肌酐均低于对照组,且治疗后研究组转化生长因子β1水平与ET水平低于对照组,研究组不良反应发生率(4.87%)显著低于对照组(29.26%),两组经χ~2检验,组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.613 4,P=0.003 3)。结论缬沙坦应用在冠心病并慢性肾功能不全中的效果显著,能够有效降低内皮素与TGF-β1水平,改善患者的肾功能,值得临床应用探索。

维持性血透慢性肾功能不全患者血浆内皮素观察

本文对２１例维持性血透慢性肾功能不全患者及１６例健康人进行了内皮素（ＥＴ）水平的测定。维持性血透慢性肾功能不全患者，无论透析前后，血浆ＥＴ水平均较正常人明显增高，但透析后ＥＴ水平下降。平均ＥＴ浓度从透前２１２．６８±１１９．７ｐｇ／ｍｌ（±ｓ）下降至１１３．００±６８．７ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。健康对照者ＥＴ水平明显低于血透者（４９．６８±２３．７ｐｇ／ｍｌ）。维持性血透慢性肾功能不全患者透析前、后ＥＴ水平与健康对照组相比均有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．００１和Ｐ＜０．０５）。本文对透析前后血浆ＥＴ与血压及超滤量的关系进行了分析。

海洋胶原肽延缓腺嘌呤所致大鼠慢性肾功能损伤

目的研究海洋胶原肽对腺嘌呤所致大鼠慢性肾功能损伤的影响。方法利用腺嘌呤100mg／kg制备大鼠慢性肾功能损伤的模型，观察海洋胶原肽1．125g／kg以及2．25g／kg两个剂量对慢性肾功能损伤的影响。于实验的第0、1、3、5、8、12周检测各组大鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮的水平，收集大鼠24h的尿量，计算肌酐清除率。实验期间观察大鼠的精神状态、体重增长的改变，实验结束时对肾脏组织超微结构的改变进行观察。实验持续12周。结果实验5、8、12周时，模型组动物血清肌酐水平明显升高[（182．2±119．52）μmol／L、（308．17±88．37）μmol／L、（347．57±68．24）μmol／L]，尿素氮水平也明显升高[（29．20±16．48）mmol／L、（63．03±18．68）mmol／L、（95．53±24．88）mmol／L]，而肌酐清除率明显降低[（0．53±0．23）m]／min、（0．17±0．13）ml／min、（0．14±0．08）ml／min]。海洋胶原肽2．25g／kg干预组的血清肌酐和尿素氮水平在相应的时间点明显低于模型组大鼠血清的相应指标，而肌酐清除率则明显高于模型组[5、8、12周时血清肌酐水平：（105．60±11．84）ml／min、（175．40±73．93）ml／min、（240．14±71．53）ml／min；尿素氮水平：（23．62±3．89）mmol／L、（41．90±23．78）mmol／L、（72．93±26．12）mmol／L；肌酐清除率：（0．99±0．35）ml／min、（0．45±0．28）ml／min、（0．26±0．06）ml／min]。肾脏超微结构较模型组的损伤明显减轻。海洋胶原肽1．125g／kg干预组较模型组比较也有改善趋势，但血清肌酐、尿素氮水平及肌酐清除率的变化与模型组比较，差异没有统计学意义。结论海洋胶原肽2．25g／kg可以延缓腺嘌呤导致的大鼠慢性肾功能损伤的进程。