Isolation and Identification of Fungi That Cause Hair Loss (Alopecia)

Due to the crowded number of female students in a very narrow place, the fact that the college is for females only, and the fact that some of the female students live in the internal sections of the student residence, as well as the crowded number there, and as a result of the presence of the head covering or what is known as the Islamic veil on the head, which covers the hair of the head, which provides a suitable hot humid atmosphere 100% of fungal growth in the scalp of female students. Therefore, it is necessary to know the widespread fungal species that contaminate the scalp. In other research, we learn about the antifungals that should be used to reduce fungal infections in college employees. The study was carried out to identify the presence and spread of fungi that cause hair loss. The study was conducted on some students of the College of Education for Girls/University of Shatra for the period from 1/11/2021 to 1/12/2021, where 100 hundred hair samples were collected from (the scalp) from different ages in different educational stages, as random samples were taken after asking the student whether she suffers from hair loss or not, and studying the presence and spread of fungi in terms of density and type, after transferring them to the microbiology laboratory-College of Education for Girls using sterile sample collection bags. The current results showed that the fungal species E. flocculosum is the most common among them, followed by the fungal species C. carrionii, then the rest of the genera are as follows: E. flocculosum, Basisdioplus, Aspergillus terreud Hormderndrum Rhodotorula, Bipolaris, Aspergillus, Phoma, Rhizopus, Blastomyces, Microsporum, Sporothrix, Exophiala jeanselmei, Neoscytalidium Aeremonium Cladophialophora carrionii, Paecilomyces, Exophiala dermatitidis, Geotrichum, Volvariella, Rhizomucor, Saksmaea vassiformis, Candida albicans, Chrysosporium, Dimiatum.

A New Mechanism of Hinokitiol as An Active for Hair Loss Prevention

Hair loss and gray hair are the ultimate manifestations of scalp and hair aging.Improving metabolic activities in cells is a fundamental for anti-aging while autophagy activity of cell is a key measure.Hinokitiol,one of the more than 30 quasi-drug actives approved in Japan in the field of hair tonic products has two known mechanisms for its effectivities,i.e.promoting cell activity and anti-microbial.Through this study,we identified a new mechanism of hinokitiol for hair loss prevention,i.e.promotion of autophagy and mitophagy activities of dermal papilla cells.

Comprehensive Overview and Treatment Update on Hair Loss

Hair loss is one of the most common complaints among all patients consulting a dermatologist and is usually associated with severe psychological disturbances, distress and symptoms of depression. [1-3]. It can be temporary or long lasting. Diagnosis of hair loss is based on detailed clinical history, physical exam, clinical diagnostic tests, laboratory testing, and scalp biopsy, which may be necessary to confirm some diagnoses. This article presents an overview of the most common clinical causes of hair loss and provides updated information on the current available therapeutic options for these disorders.

Self-Reported Hair Loss Following COVID-19: An Observational Study

Objective: COVID-19 has been significantly associated with both psychosocial stress and physiologic stress, both of which are known to trigger telogen effluvium. This study was performed to estimate the prevalence of hair loss among patients with COVID-19 and to determine the correlation of the severity of COVID-19 with the severity of hair loss.Methods: Data were collected through a self-administered electronic questionnaire that was distributed among social media platforms. Participants were invited to complete the survey using a convenience sampling technique. A multiple response dichotomies analysis and chi-square test of independence were used to analyze data.Results: Among 420 participants who reported a positive PCR result of SARS-CoV-2, 77.6% reported hair loss after COVID-19 development. Notably, the onset of hair loss was within 3 weeks of COVID-19 development in 29% of participants. Most of the participants reported that the duration of hair loss was up to 6 months, and hair regrowth was noticed within 1 year after COVID-19 development. Patients who were admitted to the hospital, who experienced respiratory difficulties, who had lost weight due to COVID-19, and who experienced symptoms for longer than 10 days were significantly more prone to experience severe hair loss following COVID-19 (P < 0.001).Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high frequency of self-reported hair loss after the development of COVID-19. Interestingly, even patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms were significantly more prone to experience moderate hair loss. Unique to COVID-19 infection, the onset of hair loss following the development of COVID-19 was within 3 weeks in one-third of the participants.

Autozygosity Mapping by Genome-wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array Identifies a Novel Homozygous HR Mutation in a Consanguineous Family with Universal Hereditary Hair Loss

Objective:Isolated hereditary hypotrichosis is caused by mutations in as many as 11 different genes.The conventional mutation detection strategy consists of sequencing of individual candidate genes separately,a time consuming and costly approach.In this study,we perform genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array to identify candidate genes of hereditary hypotrichosis.Methods:A consanguineous family with two patients with hereditary hypotrichosis was enrolled,and autozygosity mapping by genome-wide SNP array was utilized to identify candidate genes.Results:Autozygosity mapping delineated runs of homozygosity,and alignment of the 11 genes identified the hairless(HR)gene as the candidate gene.Nucleotide sequencing revealed a novel homozygous mutation c.381delT,p.Ser127ArgfsTer40.Conclusion:This study illustrates how autozygosity mapping by a high-density SNP array streamlines mutation detection in heritable skin diseases.

Hair growth-promotion effects and antioxidant activity of the banana flower extract HappyAngel^(■):double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Banana flowers contain various bioactive components, including several antioxidants with anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unclear whether they can reduce and prevent hair loss. This study examines the effect of banana flower extracts on preventing hair loss and strengthening hair roots. The banana flower extract(HappyAngel^(■))was used to treat human hair follicle dermal papilla cells(HFDPCs)and the expression of reactive oxygen species(ROS), dihydrotestosterone(DHT), and hair-related genes(SRD5A1, SRD5A2, AR, and KROX20)were monitored. Fifty subjects were divided into a placebo group and a banana flower group. The experimental group consumed banana flower extract daily for twelve weeks and then underwent hair testing, hair-related genes analysis, collection of hair loss, and questionnaires. The results showed that the banana flower extract significantly increased hair cell growth and decreased the expression of ROS, DHT, and hair follicle growth inhibition-related SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and AR genes, and significantly increased the expression of hair growth-related KROX20 gene in HFDPCs. Consuming banana flower extract for twelve weeks increased the hair root diameter and reduced hair loss and scalp redness compared to the placebo group. Thus, banana flower extract(HappyAngel^(■))can stimulate hair growth and inhibit the activation of hair loss genes.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF COCHLEAR HAIR CELL LOSS IN THE GUINEA PIG

The damage to spiral organs related to age and sex in guinea pigs was studied by the surface preparation technique. Hair cell loss of spiral organs of the following four age groups: 8month, 1, 2, and 2.5-year old pigs, was assessed. Each group was divided Into two subgroups according to different sexes. The decrease of hair cell population was linearly related to age, but not related to sex. The damage rate was greater in outer hair cells than in inner hair calls. In all of animals of different ages and both sexes, outer hair cell loss was prominent at the apex of cochlea. Less damage to outer hair cell was found at the base of cochlea. Damage to inner hair cell was also increased with age, but to a lesser extent.

PTEN inhibitor bisperoxovanadium protects against noise-induced hearing loss

Studies have shown that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)participates in the regulation of cochlear hair cell survival.Bisperoxovanadium protects against neurodegeneration by inhibiting PTEN expression.However,whether bisperoxovanadium can protect against noise-induced hearing loss and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we established a mouse model of noise-induced hearing loss by exposure to 105 dB sound for 2 hours.We found that PTEN expression was increased in the organ of Corti,including outer hair cells,inner hair cells,and lateral wall tissues.Intraperitoneal administration of bisperoxovanadium decreased the auditory threshold and the loss of cochlear hair cells and inner hair cell ribbons.In addition,noise exposure decreased p-PI3K and p-Akt levels.Bisperoxovanadium preconditioning or PTEN knockdown upregulated the activity of PI3K-Akt.Bisperoxovanadium also prevented H_(2)O_(2)-induced hair cell death by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation in cochlear explants.These findings suggest that bisperoxovanadium reduces noise-induced hearing injury and reduces cochlear hair cell loss.

低能量激光治疗雄激素性秃发中国专家共识

低能量激光治疗雄激素性秃发已在临床使用10余年,疗效确切,安全性高。国内已有多种低能量激光设备获批上市,广泛应用于临床,目前暂无统一使用规范。本共识总结近年来国内外相关指南及临床研究,为在临床实践中正确选择和使用低能量激光治疗雄激素性秃发提供参考。

基于文献计量与数据挖掘的脱发病中医临床证治特征分析

目的探讨脱发病的中医研究现状,分析斑秃和雄激素性脱发的临床证治特征,为中医临床诊疗提供参考。方法分别检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中关于中医治疗脱发的研究文献,通过Notexpress去重后运用CiteSpace及VOSviewer软件进行文献计量分析,并聚焦中医内治斑秃和雄激素性脱发的随机对照研究(randomizedcontrolledtrial,RCT),运用数据挖掘法分析对二者的临床证治特征。结果中医治疗脱发病的文献共2954篇,研究类型以临床研究为主。临床证治特征分析表明,斑秃的主要病机为肝肾不足、气血两虚等,常用中药为何首乌、熟地、川芎、女贞子等,而雄激素性脱发的主要病机为湿热蕴结、阴虚湿热等,以侧柏叶、泽泻、茯苓、薏苡仁等为常用中药。结论中医药治疗脱发病的文献呈上升趋势,斑秃和雄激素性脱发中医临床证治特征存在差异,在临床治疗脱发病的遣方用药中值得注意。

女性型脱发患者的血清维生素D水平及与雄激素的相关性研究

目的:探究女性型脱发的血清维生素D水平以及与雄激素的相关性,为女性型脱发的发病机制及治疗选择提供新的线索。方法:分析皮肤科门诊就诊的70例女性型脱发患者与体检中心招募的65例健康人的血清维生素D,分析其与严重程度、人口学特征、生活习惯以及雄激素的相关性。结果:女性型脱发患者的平均维生素D水平(13.59±5.82)ng/ml,健康人群的平均维生素D水平为(15.94±6.89)ng/ml(P<0.05)。女性型脱发患者维生素D水平与性激素结合球蛋白呈正相关,与游离睾酮呈负相关(P<0.05)。性激素结合球蛋白降低或游离睾酮升高的患者维生素D水平明显降低(P<0.05)。但暂未发现女性型脱发患者的维生素D水平与严重程度、人口学特征、生活习惯的相关性。结论:女性型脱发较健康人群维生素D水平明显降低,提示维生素D降低可能是女性型脱发的发病因素之一。性激素结合球蛋白降低、游离睾酮升高与维生素D水平降低存在的相关性,可能是维生素D缺乏导致女性型脱发的机制之一,有待进一步研究验证。

吡咯烷基二氨基嘧啶氧化物在防脱洗护产品中的应用

吡咯烷基二氨基嘧啶氧化物(可比落,Kopyrrol)是近几年市场上推出的防脱、生发原料,其作为化学防脱成分效果明确且安全性高,具有良好的应用前景。综述了吡咯烷基二氨基嘧啶氧化物在防脱洗护产品中的研发现状,并重点梳理了相关专利技术在防脱洗护产品研发、保护中的应用进展,以期为吡咯烷基二氨基嘧啶氧化物在防脱产品中的进一步深入研究提供参考。

女性雄激素性脱发相关因素的回顾性研究

目的:明确女性雄激素性脱发(female androgenetic alopecia, FAGA)发病及加重相关因素。方法:对我院毛发门诊2017年1月至2022年6月期间有较完整资料、非妊娠期、非哺乳期确诊雄激素性脱发女性患者225例进行回顾性分析,分析内容包括:临床表现、伴随疾病、生活习惯及实验室指标。结果:73.78%的FAGA患者青年期发病,其中额、顶、枕、颞部测量的发缝宽度均与Sinclair分级呈显著正相关(P<0.001)。维生素D3缺乏在该人群中发生率较高,但与疾病严重程度无统计学差异,而维生素B12缺乏(P=0.003)及甘油三酯升高(P=0.016)和疾病严重程度呈显著正相关。伴随疾病中仅脂肪肝与疾病严重程度存在显著正相关(P=0.001)。结论:发缝宽度和整体脱发程度成正相关。脂肪肝、维生素B12降低及甘油三酯升高可能是FAGA加重的相关因素。

富血小板血浆联合2 940 nm点阵铒激光治疗女性型脱发的临床研究

目的:探讨富血小板血浆联合2 940 nm点阵铒激光治疗女性型脱发的临床疗效。方法:选取2022年5月-2023年5月天津市北辰医院皮肤科收治的90例女性型脱发患者分入A组、B组、C组,每组各30例。A组采用富血小板血浆联合2 940 nm点阵铒激光治疗,B组采用米诺地尔联合2 940 nm点阵铒激光治疗,C组采用2 940 nm点阵铒激光治疗。观察记录各组患者临床治疗疗效、满意度、不良反应以及治疗前后主观症状(油腻、瘙痒、头屑、脱发)、毛发镜指标(平均毛发密度、平均毳毛比例、平均毛干直径)情况。结果:A组患者临床治疗有效率(93.33%)明显高于B组(73.33%)、C组(66.67%)(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后三组患者油腻、瘙痒、头屑、脱发主观症状评分均降低(P<0.05),且A组油腻、瘙痒、头屑、脱发主观症状评分低于B组、C组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后三组患者毳毛比例均降低,毛发密度、毛干直径均升高(P<0.05),且A组毳毛比例低于B组、C组,毛发密度、毛干直径高于B组、C组(P<0.05)。A组患者治疗后的总满意度(96.67%)明显高于B组(76.67%)、C组(73.33%)(P<0.05),但三组患者不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:富血小板血浆联合2 940 nm点阵铒激光治疗女性型脱发能取得较佳的临床疗效,可改善患者的头皮症状,增加毛发密度、毛干直径,同时安全性高,值得临床推广。

5%米诺地尔联合口服抗雄药物治疗雄激素性秃发早期脱发现象的初步探讨

目的:探讨5%米诺地尔联合口服抗雄药物治疗雄激素性秃发(AGA)早期的脱发现象,观察16周内头发脱落数量及特征。方法:收集AGA患者治疗期间(1~16周)脱发量数据,探究脱发量的变化特点。结果:67例AGA患者使用药物后,第2~8周脱发量相对第1周(基线)均明显增加(P<0.05);且分别与第1周和第2周比较,第3周均呈现出脱发量明显增加的情况(P<0.05),由此将脱发量变化百分比>68.22%(第3周脱发量变化百分比的均值)的情况定义为“脱发明显”。据此将患者分为脱发明显组39例(58.21%)和非脱发明显组28例(41.79%)。脱发明显组中,患者脱发量明显增加发生于第3~5周,随后第12周降至基线水平。脱发明显组中脱发量的时间变化、严重程度在男女中差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),仅20.51%患者每周脱发量变化百分比中的最大数值(简称为最大百分比)较第1周>3倍。结论:“脱发明显”多发生于AGA患者用药后第3~5周,约于第12周降至第1周水平,持续时间短且男女间无明显差别。“脱发明显”是药物作用的一种表现,也预示着毛囊可能由休止期转入生长期的正常过程。

PRP在脱发类疾病中的应用研究进展

富血小板血浆(platelet-rich plasma,PRP)作为第一代自体血制取的生长因子,不断有研究者将PRP应用于脱发类疾病的治疗,成为治疗脱发的有效辅助治疗方法。本文对近年来PRP在治疗脱发类疾病中的作用机制及临床应用进展进行综述。

多功能仿生肽联合微针导入治疗女性型脱发临床疗效观察

目的观察多功能仿生肽联合微针导入治疗女性型脱发的临床疗效及安全性。方法30例女性型脱发患者(Sinclair分级Ⅱ~Ⅲ级)采用多功能仿生肽联合头皮微针导入治疗,每2周1次,共12周6次。分析对比治疗前后毛发改善情况(大体照片、皮肤镜下毛发密度、终毛所占比例等),统计治疗期间所出现的不良反应。治疗结束后每4周随访1次,共8周2次,比较每次随访皮肤镜下毛发密度的变化。结果经12周治疗,76.67%的受试者皮肤镜下毛发密度明显改善(P<0.001);平均终毛密度及占比、多毛发毛囊密度,均较前增加,但无统计学差异;褐色毛周征、蜂窝状色素沉着、白色毛周征和针尖状白点征等女性型脱发的皮肤镜征象发生率也均有不同程度的降低;90%的受试者自觉脱发症状得到改善;除操作过程中可以耐受的轻微疼痛及少部分受试者出现一过性头皮瘙痒、头屑和头皮油脂增加外,无其他不良反应。共20名受试者完成为期8周的治疗后随访,其中85%的受试者出现复脱,但平均毛发密度仍较治疗前高。结论多功能仿生肽联合微针导入治疗女性型脱发可缓解脱发症状,有效增加毛发密度,且安全性良好,并具有一定的持续性。

从“阳明脉衰”探讨补益阳明防治围绝经期脱发

《素问·上古天真论》言“女子五七,阳明脉衰……发始堕”,可见“发始堕”是“阳明脉衰”的表现之一。“阳明脉衰”导致的脱发相当于现代医学的围绝经期脱发,卵巢功能减退是女性进入围绝经期的主要原因,围绝经期特殊生理内环境又影响头发的脱落,可见“阳明脉衰”与围绝经期脱发有着密切联系。本文基于“阳明脉衰”的理论,分析围绝经期的生理内环境对毛发脱落的影响,探讨“阳明脉衰”与围绝经期相关启动因素之间的关联,总结了补益阳明影响毛发生长的相关通路,延缓卵巢衰老和防治围绝经期脱发的可行性,提出以“五七”为基点,适时补益阳明津气,可以未老先防,既老防衰,达到发衰而不堕,防治围绝经期脱发的目的。

女性弥漫性脱发患者的微量营养素分析

目的 对三种类型的女性弥漫性脱发患者的微量营养素水平进行分析。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年6月就诊于大坪医院皮肤性病科门诊的299例不同类型女性弥漫性脱发患者的临床资料。结果 弥漫性脱发患者血清25-羟基维生素D和铁蛋白水平均显著低于对照组,且与弥漫性脱发的类型无关;弥漫性斑秃患者血清锌浓度也显著低于对照组。分别以铁蛋白≤50 ng/mL为铁缺乏的界限值,以25-羟基维生素D≤20 ng/mL作为血清25-羟基维生素D缺乏的界限时,三种类型的弥漫性脱发患者血清25-羟基维生素D和血清铁蛋白缺乏的比例均高于对照组(P<0.05)。即缺乏铁和血清25-羟基维生素D与女性弥漫性脱发的发生有关。结论 铁代谢障碍和血清25-羟基维生素D水平在女性弥漫性脱发中起关键作用,而铜和锌对头发生长和脱发周期的影响仍需进一步研究。

广州大学生不确定性压力与脱发焦虑关系研究

目的 从不确定心理压力的视角,了解青年大学生脱发焦虑的心理状态,为促进其心理健康水平提供有力的人群实证证据。方法 采用整群抽样方式,于2021年10—11月期间在广东省选取3所综合大学,对816名大学生进行线上问卷调查,包括一般情况、社会压力刺激事件量表和脱发焦虑自评问卷。基于单因素分析结果进行多因素Logistic回归分析,检验不同压力类型与大学生脱发焦虑的关系。结果 大学生脱发焦虑得分为(13.04±5.14)分,13.1%的学生报告存在脱发焦虑。单因素分析结果显示,大学生不同水平的健康状况、自觉发量变化、学习压力、人际压力和不确定性压力在脱发焦虑分布上存在差异,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,学习压力(OR=2.279,95%CI:1.316~3.944)、人际压力(OR=2.439,95%CI:1.436~4.143)和不确定性压力(OR=3.871,95%CI:2.305~6.500)均与脱发焦虑呈正相关(P<0.01);综合模型结果显示,仅不确定性压力(OR=3.046,95%CI:1.653~5.612,P<0.01)对脱发焦虑的影响具有统计学意义。结论 当前部分大学生受到脱发焦虑的困扰,其中,不确定性压力对脱发焦虑的影响最为显著。政府、学校及相关心理健康工作者应重视大学生应对不确定性压力的能力,从而提高其心理健康水平。