A Study of Electric Vehicle Suspension Control System Based on an Improved Half-vehicle Model

An improved half-vehicle model has been proposed for active suspension control systems, in contrast to existing models, it allows to explore the nature of the effect of vehicle speed changes by introducing a state vector of vehicle pitch angle. Three control strategies of linear quadratic control （LQ）, improved LQ （ILQ） and wheelbase preview LQ （WLQ） have been implemented into the proposed model. ILQ has integrated an additional control parameter into LQ by concerning the correlation between acceleration values and their corresponding pitch angles. Simulation results have showed the effectiveness of the proposed model in terms of LQ, ILQ and WLQ control strategies.

Entanglement in the Quantum Phase Transition of the Half-Integer Spin One-Dimensional Heisenberg Model

We use the Bethe’s ansatz method to study the entanglement of spinons in the quantum phase transition of half integer spin one-dimensional magnetic chains known as quantum wires. We calculate the entanglement in the limit of the number of particles . We obtain an abrupt change in the entanglement next the quantum phase transition point of the anisotropy parameter ?from the gapped phase ?to gapless phase .

基于互Box-Cox变换和Markov链风速云模型的发电系统充裕度评估

为准确计及风速随机性和自相关性对风电并网系统充裕度的影响,建立基于互Box-Cox变换和Markov链的风速云模型,并将该模型与时序Monte Carlo模拟法结合,提出计及风速随机性和自相关性的风电并网系统充裕度评估方法。仿真结果表明,所提模型产生的仿真风速样本与实测风速样本具备相似的概率分布特性和自相关性,所提方法可较精确地评估风电并网系统充裕度及风电容量可信度。

汽车半主动座椅悬架主要参数优化研究

半主动座椅悬架能有效改善驾驶平顺性,减少人体垂向振动,提升车内驾乘人员的乘坐体验.其中,半主动悬架的初始性能参数对悬架性能起到决定性作用.为此,本文针对半主动座椅悬架的初始性能参数(弹簧刚度和阻尼系数)的优化问题展开研究,在使用了随机路面模型、六自由度半车模型的基础上,以优化前后座椅垂向加速度之比作为适应度函数,利用遗传算法对半主动座椅悬架的刚度及阻尼系数进行优化.最后,利用MATLAB软件对优化结果进行仿真分析.结果表明,经算法优化后,座椅垂向加速度的均方根减少了16.4%,最大值下降了11.3%;座椅相对位移的均方根减少了36%,最大值下降了39.2%.

基于稀疏鲁棒M-投资选择模型的鲁棒Half算法

为得到鲁棒、稀疏的投资组合,提出稀疏鲁棒M-投资选择模型,并且基于L1/2正则化理论和Half阈值算法,构建鲁棒Half阈值算法求解稀疏鲁棒M-投资选择问题.数值实验表明,该算法不仅比Lasso算法收敛速度更快,而且在期望值固定的情况下得到的风险更小、更平稳.

基于谐波磁化响应半峰宽模型的非零场点磁性纳米粒子距离层析测量

磁粒子成像技术是一种以生物功能化超顺磁性纳米粒子为示踪剂的全新人体功能层析成像技术,其通常必须构建基于梯度场的零磁场点/线并对其进行空间扫描以实现示踪剂定位,其空间分辨率正比于梯度场强度。而高强度梯度场需大体积电/永磁体构建,使其无法用于微创淋巴结术中定位。本研究在不使用梯度定位场条件下,提出基于朗之万函数和激励-磁化场空间分布计算的窄带磁纳米粒子深度定位理论,推导不同深度磁性纳米粒子产生的磁化响应与空间方位角的函数关系,建立半峰宽-距离检测与真实浓度解析模型,并进一步开发了磁粒子深度层析装置(即非梯度式一维磁粒子成像仪),体外实验测量结果表明其空间定位分辨率为15 mm,误差5.21%,浓度模型还原误差为2.61%。对比已获批上市的欧洲Sentimag等静磁场磁粒子定位装置具有显著性能优势,可完全满足术中淋巴结定位等创新临床应用需求。

Adaptive Backstepping Control Design for Semi-Active Suspension of Half-Vehicle With Magnetorheological Damper

This paper investigates the problem of controlling half-vehicle semi-active suspension system involving a magnetorheological(MR)damper.This features a hysteretic behavior that is presently captured through the nonlinear Bouc-Wen model.The control objective is to regulate well the heave and the pitch motions of the chassis despite the road irregularities.The difficulty of the control problem lies in the nonlinearity of the system model,the uncertainty of some of its parameters,and the inaccessibility to measurements of the hysteresis internal state variables.Using Lyapunov control design tools,we design two observers to get online estimates of the hysteresis internal states and a stabilizing adaptive state-feedback regulator.The whole adaptive controller is formally shown to meet the desired control objectives.This theoretical result is confirmed by several simulations demonstrating the supremacy of the latter compared to the skyhook control and passive suspension.

Experimental investigation on single person's jumping load model

This paper presents a modified half-sine-squared load model of the jumping impulses for a single person. The model is based on a database of 22,921 experimentally measured single jumping load cycles from 100 test subjects. Threedimensional motion capture technology in conjunction with force plates was employed in the experiment to record jumping loads. The variation range and probability distribution of the controlling parameters for the load model such as the impact factor, jumping frequency and contact ratio, are discussed using the experimental data. Correlation relationships between the three parameters are investigated. The contact ratio and jumping frequency are identified as independent model parameters, and an empirical frequency-dependent function is derived for the impact factor. The feasibility of the proposed load model is established by comparing the simulated load curves with measured ones, and by comparing the acceleration responses of a single-degree-of-freedom system to the simulated and measured jumping loads. The results show that a realistic individual jumping load can be generated by the proposed method. This can then be used to assess the dynamic response of assembly structures.

A new model for the formation of contact angle and contact angle hysteresis

The formation mechanism of the contact angle and the sliding angle for a liquid drop on a solid surface plays an important role in producing hydrophobic surfaces. A new half soakage model is established in this paper as a substitute for Wenzel （complete soakage） and Cassie （no soakage） models. The model is suited to many solid surfaces, whether they are hydrophilic or hydrophobic, or even superhydrophobic. Based on the half soakage model, we analyse two surfaces resembling lotus, i.e. taper-like surface and corona-like surface. Furthermore, this new model is used to establish a quantitative relationship between the sliding angle and the parameters of surface morphology.

基于半模型的高速列车远场气动噪声计算方法

随着高速列车运行速度的提高,其气动噪声问题逐渐凸显,如何准确快速预测高速列车的远场气动噪声成为关键.利用半自由空间的Green函数求解FW-H方程,推导了考虑半模型时的远场声学积分公式,提出通过半模型的数值计算结果预测全模型高速列车远场气动噪声的方法;建立了全模型和半模型高速列车的气动噪声数值计算模型,应用改进延迟的分离涡模拟方法对不同模型高速列车表面的气动噪声源进行求解;通过风洞试验进行了全模型高速列车的数值仿真计算方法验证;对比分析了全模型和半模型高速列车周围的流场结构、气动噪声源和远场气动噪声特性.结果表明:半模型高速列车数值计算得到的列车周围流场结构、气动噪声源以及远场气动噪声特性与全模型的一致;采用半模型计算会过高估计列车尾车流线型区域表面压力的波动程度和噪声源的辐射强度,但通过半模型预测整车模型的远场噪声平均声压级误差小于1 dBA;相比于全模型高速列车,半模型计算时的网格总量减少一半.

Exploring the sensitivity of α-decay half-life to neutron skin thickness for nuclei around ^(208)Pb

Based on the newest experimentally extracted nuclear density distributions for double-magic nucleus208Pb(Tarbert et al. in Phys Rev Lett 112:242502, 2014),the sensitivity of α-decay half-life to nuclear skin thickness is explored in the vicinity of the shell closure region around208 Pb, i.e., isotopes of Z ? 82 and isotones of N ? 126.With the two-parameter Fermi(2PF) density distributions and an analytically derived formula, the α-decay half-life is found to be closely related to the magnitude of nuclear skin thickness. For a decays to the Z ? 82 isotopes, the α-decay half-life is found to decrease with the increasing neutron skin thickness, while the opposite behavior is found for a decays to the N ? 126 isotones. Therefore, it could be a possible way to extract the nuclear skin thickness from measured α-decay half-lives.

Systematic Calculations of α-Decay Half-Lives Using Microscopic Deformed Potentials

A new version of the generalized density-dependent cluster model （GDDCM） is developed to describe an α particle tunneling through a deformed potential barrier. The microscopic deformed potential is numerically constructed in the double-folding model using the multipole ex- pansion method. The decay width of an α-cluster state is evaluated using the integral of the quasi-bound state wave function, the scattering state wave function, and the difference of poten- tials. We perform a systematic calculation of α-decay half-lives for favored transitions in even-even nuclei ranging from Z=52 to Z=104. The calculated half-lives are in good agreement with the experimental values. The relation between nuclear deformations and α-decay half-lives is also discussed in details.

Estimation of half-wave potential of anabolic androgenic steroids by means of QSER Approach

The quantitative structure-property relationship(QSPR) of anabolic androgenic steroids was studied on the half-wave reduction potential(E1/2) using quantum and physico-chemical molecular descriptors. The descriptors were calculated by semi-empirical calculations. Models were established using partial least square(PLS) regression and back-propagation artificial neural network(BP-ANN). The QSPR results indicate that the descriptors of these derivatives have significant relationship with half-wave reduction potential. The stability and prediction ability of these models were validated using leave-one-out cross-validation and external test set.

a-Decay half-life screened by electrons

In this paper,by considering the electrons in different external environments,including neutral atoms,a metal,and an extremely strong magnetic-field environment,the screened a-decay half-lives of the a emitters with proton number Z = 52–105 are systematically calculated.In the external environment,the decay energy and the interaction potential between a particle and daughter nucleus are both changed due to the electron screening effect and their variations are both very important for the electron screening effect.Besides,the electron screening effect is found to be closely related to the decay energy and its proton number.

基于抗损性的钢筋混凝土摇摆柱力学性能研究

抗震韧性将震后建筑的功能维持或快速恢复作为最终目标。构件层次的摇摆机制是实现主体结构功能可恢复的有效途径,但应以构件的抗损性为前提。以钢筋混凝土摇摆柱为对象,比拟弹性半空间局部受载经典拉芒(Flamant)理论,推导摇摆柱轴向应力分布弹性力学解答,以此为基础,假定摇摆柱侧移由柱端接触面转角和柱身弯剪变形引起,建立钢筋混凝土摇摆柱荷载-侧移力学模型,与有限元模拟结果对比验证合理性。开展轴压比和柱端强度分析,结果表明,在柱体抗损的前提下,单纯提高轴压比可提高柱体承载能力,但对侧移能力提升不显著;随着柱端材料强度提升,柱体承载力和侧移能力均显著改善,因此,采用柱端局部增强的方法改善钢筋混凝土摇摆柱工作性能具有可行性。

TBM掌子面力学模型与滚刀破岩力推力预测

以掌子面岩体破坏前状态建立了滚刀推力作用的双集中力模型,采用弹性半空间理论的Boussinesq解答和叠加原理,给出了双滚刀协同作用下岩体应力分布的解析解。根据应力分布的特点和TBM破岩要求,提出了TBM破岩的必要条件;采用单轴强度理论和多轴强度理论,分别给出了滚刀破岩推力的预测公式。工程实例表明,采用本文提出的基于多轴强度理论的预测公式计算出的滚刀破岩推力与TBM工作时实际使用的推力非常吻合。

基于驾驶员模型的六足机器人自主/协同决策

重载六足机器人在野外地形环境移动作业时的决策智能水平亟待提高。然而,当机器人在尚未形成合理的决策结构层次时,直接采用其与环境进行交互方式进行常规的强化学习训练,将导致机器人的行为决策过于发散。因此,本文首先利用一种符合驾驶员决策逻辑的分步训练神经网络,得到驾驶员的决策经验模型,使机器人快速形成自主决策智能。此外,为融合人机决策优势,本文基于合作博弈理论,提出一种消除人机协同决策指令冲突的方法。搭建面向重载六足机器人人机协同决策的半物理仿真实验系统,开展实验的结果表明,机器人通过学习驾驶员先验模型和自主训练,其决策效果可接近驾驶员决策水平,同时人机协同决策指令可有效弥补单智能体决策指令的缺陷,在规则沟壑地形下协同决策指令的碰撞率指标优于驾驶员单智能体指令23.8%,障碍地形下协同决策指令的能量消耗指标优于机器自主单智能体指令34.1%。

Fuzzy optimization of pneumatic half-floating slide ways

Dynamic modeling was carried on by combining the dynamic of machinery with composite triology, and the critical condition in which the ways would not produce composite-friction self-excited vibration was obtained. The movement regularity and characteristic of the airflow in exhaust gas slit were analyzed, and the relationship between pressure lost and geometry parameters of exhaust gas slit was obtained. A dynamic model and a mathematical model were established for pneumatic half-floating slide ways by combining the dynamics of machinery with hydrokinetics. The objective function for the optimization of slide ways was established based on the fuzzy optimization theory. The membership function of fuzzy constraint was deduced, the fuzzy constraint limit was established by amplification coefficient method, and the optimal value was resolved by the multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By combining the internal penalty function method with the variable metric method, the fuzzy optimization design program of ways was designed based on the Matlab platform. The validation was carried on by an example, and ideal results of fuzzy optimization design of slide ways were obtained.

基于有限元分析的汽车十二角半轴螺母冷镦工艺开发与应用

针对汽车十二角半轴螺母热镦成形工艺中存在的工序繁杂、生产效率低、产品性能差、材料利用率低和成本高等问题,设计了一种6工位自动化冷镦成形工艺对其进行替换。通过室温压缩试验建立了40Cr合金钢的Johson-Cook本构模型,同时,利用Deform-3D数值模拟软件完成了各工位的连续成形模拟,并根据螺母各阶段的金属流动规律、填充完整度、截面网格变形情况和断裂趋势等信息分析了冷镦成形工艺的可行性,基于载荷分析预测了成形力大小;然后根据分析结果和成形工艺完成了各工位模具的制作,并通过冷镦机进行了试模制件。结果表明,获得的十二角半轴螺母表面光洁,填充完整,无折叠和裂纹等缺陷,与模拟结果完全吻合,经测量检验,螺母各处尺寸均在公差范围内,符合使用要求,证实了冷镦工艺的可靠性,此冷镦工艺能够取代热镦工艺。

基于AK-MCS法的新能源电动汽车转向驱动桥空心半轴可靠度分析

新能源汽车转向驱动桥半轴采用空心设计,与燃油汽车的结构形式有很大区别,针对电动汽车转向驱动桥空心半轴的最大等效应力与设计变量呈隐式复杂非线性关系的可靠度分析难题,文中通过将Kriging模型与蒙特卡洛(Monte Carlo Simulation,MCS)法相结合,提出了基于AK-MCS(Active Learning Kriging-Monte Carlo Simulation)法的新能源电动汽车转向驱动桥空心半轴可靠度分析方法。首先,采用Kriging代理模型构建新能源电动汽车转向驱动桥空心半轴的最大等效应力的初始代理模型;其次,通过Kriging提供的学习函数和收敛准则逐步增加样本点,从而对初始最大等效应力的Kriging模型进行更新;最后,对更新后的Kriging代理模型计算新能源电动汽车转向驱动桥空心半轴的可靠度。结果表明:与MCS方法相比,基于AK-MCS方法的可靠度分析在时间上缩短2000余倍;与Kriging+MCS方法相比,基于AK-MCS方法的可靠度分析误差减小了50%。由此验证了基于AK-MCS方法空心半轴可靠度分析的高效性和准确性,为电动汽车转向驱动桥空心半轴可靠性的研究提供了理论依据,具有一定的工程意义。