Coupling coordinated development among digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment:A case study in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle,China

Coordinative development across various systems,particularly the economic,social,cultural,and human resources subsystems,is a key aspect of urban sustainability and has a direct impact on the quality of urbanization.The Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle,comprising Hangzhou City,Huzhou City,Jiaxing City,and Shaoxing City,was the first metropolitan circle approved by the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)as a demonstration of economic transformation in China.To evaluate the coupling coordination degree of the four cities and analyze the coordinative development in three systems(including digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment),we collected panel data during 2015–2022 from these four cities.The development level of the three systems was evaluated by the standard deviation method and comprehensive development index.The results are as follows:(1)the level of coupling coordinated development of the three systems in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle was relatively low;(2)the coupling coordination degree of the four cities in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle showed significant regional differences,among which Hangzhou City was in the leading position,and Huzhou,Jiaxing,and Shaoxing cities made steady but slow progress in the coupling development of the three systems;and(3)the development of digital economy and talent employment needs to be strengthened.This study contributes to the coordinative development of Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle by innovatively focusing on the coupling coordination relationship among digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment,which also meets the industrial layout of Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle.In this way,the optimal allocation and sustainable development of digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle can be achieved.

This Is Hangzhou

Hangzhou,capital city of east China’s Zhejiang Province and the host city for the 19th Asian Games in 2023,is one of China’s top-tier cities,preceded only by such metropolises as Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Shenzhen.Italian explorer Marco Polo(1254-1324),who visited the city in the 13th century,marveled at its prosperity and called it“the most magnificent city in the world.”

Classification,Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Living Heritage Bridges Based on Value Evaluation:A Case Study of Hangzhou

Living heritage bridge is a part of living heritage,which not only plays a traffic function in today's society,but also has historical,cultural and artistic value of heritage bridge,and has gradually become an important part of world heritage protection.In this paper,the living heritage bridges in Hangzhou are taken as samples,which are divided into four categories:“use value”,“landscape value”,“social and cultural value”and“historical value”.Different protection schemes are put forward for different types of bridges,aiming at classifying and protecting the living heritage bridges in Hangzhou and providing reference for the protection of living heritage bridges in China.

Land Surface Temperature Change in Hangzhou Urban Area in Recent 20 Years Based on Landsat Image

Since the reform and opening-up in 1978, the urbanization level of our country has been continuously improved and the urban development has made great progress. However, with the rapid expansion of urban construction land, the population density and building density have been greatly increased, resulting in the urban heat island effect, which has negative impact on the urban thermal environment and restricts the high-quality development of urbanization. This paper focuses on how the urban surface thermal environment of Hangzhou changes in 20 years. In this paper, the characteristics of land surface temperature (LST) in Hangzhou urban area from 2000 to 2020 were studied by using Landsat images. The radiative transfer equation method is used to retrieve the land surface temperature, and the retrieval results are analyzed. The results show that: 1) the land surface temperature in Hangzhou city area has a slight upward trend in the past 20 years;2) the area of high temperature area is expanding;3) the land surface temperature in the city center area has decreased significantly in the past 20 years, while the ground temperature in other areas around the city center has increased significantly.

WTA ‘Xianghu Dialogue' 2022 Opens in Hangzhou

From February 24 to 25,World Tourism Alliance(WTA)"Xianghu Dialogue"2022 was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,under the theme of"Harmonious Symbiosis:A New Paradigm for a New Tourism"to build consensus and promote cooperation.

2-D Current Field Numerical Simulation Integrating Yangtze Estuary with Hangzhou Bay

In this paper, integrating the Yangtze Estuary with the Hangzhou Bay, a 2-D velocity field model is established. In the model, fine self-adaptive grids are employed to adapt to the complicated coastal shape. The hydrodynamic equations satisfied by two contravariant components of velocity vector and surface elevation in non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates are used. In each momentum equation the coefficients before the two partial derivatives of surface elevation with respect to variables of alternative direction coordinates have different orders of magnitude, i. e., the derivative with the larger coefficient may play a more important role than that with the smaller one. With this advantage, the ADI scheme can be easily employed. The hydrodynamic factors include tidal current, river runoff and wind-induced current. In terms of tidal current, seven main constituents in the area are considered in the open boundaries. The verifications of surface elevation process and current velocity process in the spring tide and in the neap tide show that the model can preferably reflect current fields in the area. Through the simulation of Lagrangian residual current fields in summer and in winter, the paths of the exchange of water and sediment between the Yangtze Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay are elementarily discussed.

Combined Hangzhou criteria with neutrophillymphocyte ratio is superior to other criteria in selecting liver transplantation candidates with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND： The elevation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio （NLR） has adverse effects on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） who have received liver transplantation （LT）. The Hangzhou criteria are set for selecting HCC patients for LT. The present study aimed to establish a set of new criteria combining the NLR and Hangzhou crite- ria for selecting HCC patients for LT.

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide and air-sea fluxes in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent Hangzhou Bay

The distributions of partial pressure of carbon dioxide （pCO2） in the surface waters of the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent Hangzhou Bay were examined in the summer of 2010. Surface water pCO2 ranged from 751-2 095/zatm （1 atm=101 325 Pa） in the inner estuary, 177-1 036/zatm in the outer estuary, and 498-1 166 μatm in Hangzhou Bay. Overall, surface pCO2 behaved conservatively during the estuary mixing. In the inner estuary, surface pCO2 was relatively high due to urbanized pollution and a high respiration rate. The lowest pCO2 was observed in the outer estuary, which was apparently induced by a phytoplankton bloom because the dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a were very high. The Changjiang River Estuary was a significant source of atmospheric CO2 and the degassing fluxes were estimated as 0-230 mmol/（m2.d） [61 mmol/（m2.d） on average] in the inner estuary. In contrast, the outer estuary acted as a CO2 sink.

Variations of Summer Phytoplankton Community Related to Environmental Factors in a Macro-Tidal Estuarine Embayment, Hangzhou Bay, China

To explore the distribution and composition of phytoplankton community and their responses to environmental changes, summer net-collected phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters in the Hangzhou Bay during 2004–2010 were investigated. A total of four phyla and 84 species were identified, including 67 diatom and 12 dinoflagellate species. The dominant species con- stantly consisted of the diatoms, although the dominance of dinoflagellate and cyanobacteria increased recently. Due to great spa- tio-temporal variations in environmental factors(salinity, suspended solids, and nutrient concentration), significant heterogeneities in community compositions among different years and subregions(inner and middle sections, and bay mouth) were found based on the analyses of multidimensional scaling and similarity. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that salinity and Si/N were the main variables associated with algal assemblage. Compared with the historical data since the 1980 s, eutrophication(N, P, and N/P increased with decreasing Si/N) was exacerbated drastically. Moreover, climatic forcing and human activities resulted in a series of physical alterations, including sediment retention, temperature increase, and salinity decrease as well as reduction in water exchanges. All these changes induced obvious increases in cell density and Chl-a while decreases in species diversity and diatom-dinoflagellate ratio as well as the shifting of dominant species. Therefore, the long-term phytoplankton variations were closely related to anthropogenic and climatic perturbations in the Hangzhou Bay.

The Sources and Transport Patterns of Modern Sediments in Hangzhou Bay: Evidence from Clay Minerals

Clay mineral compositions of 199 offshore surface sediment samples collected from the Hangzhou Bay have been analyzed. The clay minerals in the sediments from the Hangzhou Bay are dominated by illite(58.7%, on average), followed by chlorite(20.3%), kaolinite(16.9%) and smectite(4.1%). Two provinces were classified by Q-mode cluster analysis. Class Ⅰ with relatively low amounts of illite and smectite is widely distributed in the Hangzhou Bay, especially concentrated in the top and mouth of the bay, and the northern and southern nearshore areas. Class Ⅱ with comparatively high amounts of illite and smectite is mainly concentrated in the central part of the bay with the water depth of 8–10 m. By comparing clay mineral compositions with the neighbouring regions, we can find that the sediments in the Hangzhou Bay are mainly influenced by the resuspension and repeated deposition of particles from the Yangtze River due to the strong dynamic environment. In particular, the clay fraction of Class Ⅰ is mainly supplied by the Yangtze River, while the sediments of Class Ⅱ are mixture of the clay minerals carried by the Yangtze River and Qiantang River. In general, the distributions of clay minerals in the northern bay are affected by Yangtze River runoff, coastal current and flood tide together, and in the southern they are mainly affected by the Qiantang River runoff and ebb tide.

Distribution of major and trace elements in surface sediments of Hangzhou Bay in China

The Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer was used to analyze sediment samples collected from the Hangzhou Bay to determine major and trace elemental concentrations. Based on these concentrations, the study area can be classified into three geochemical provinces. Province I covers the northern Hangzhou Bay area and contains high concentrations of A120~, Fe203, MgO, Na20, K20, MnO, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Co and Zn. Province III is located in the western Hangzhou Bay, near the Qiantang River mouth, and contains high concentrations of SiO~, Na20, P205~ TiO2, Cr, Sr, Zr. Province II is located in the middle and eastern Hangzhou Bay, with the medium concentrations of major and trace elements. The results also demonstrate that the grain size is the dominating factor controlling the spatial variations of elemental concentrations, and the Changjiang River （Yangtze River） and Qiantang River sediments play an important role in the distribution of these elements. Anthropogenic impact on heavy metal concentrations （especially Cr, Sr and Zr） can be detected in the surface sediments near the Qiantang River mouth.

Internal Structure of the Incised Valley Fill in the Hangzhou Bay, Eastern China and Its Geological Implications

This paper presents the sedimentary facies and formation of the Qiantangjiang and Taihu incised valleys, and the characteristics of shallow gas reservoir distribution, based on a large number of data of drilling, static sounding and chemical analysis obtained from the present Hangzhou Bay coastal plain. The incised valleys were formed during the last glacial maximum and were subsequently filled with fluvial facies during the post-glacial period. All commercial gases are stored in the flood plain sand lenses of the incised valleys.

Numerical study on residual current and its impact on mass transport in the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary I. A3-D joint model of the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary

A 3-D numerical model is set up in a large domain covering the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary based on the ECOM model in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates.The numerical schemes for baroclinic pressure gradient (BPG)terms and convective terms are improved in the paper according to the characteristics of velocity field and mass transport in the area.The model is validated by the simulations of residual current and salinity transport in the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary.

The impact of land use change on quality evolution of soil genetic layers on the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay

Land use change plays an important part in the studies of global environmental change and regional sustainable development. The change of soil quality can particularly reflect the impacts of human socio-economic activities on environment. Taking the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay as a study case, we analyzed the effects of land use changes on organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available phosphorus （AP）, available potassium （AK）, total salinity （TS）, pH value in soil genetic layers, and assessed soil quality change related to different land use types from 1982 to 2003. The results show that： （1） The general change tendency of soil quality in the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay declined obviously in A layer and slightly rise in B （or P） layer and C （or W） layer. The contents of TP decreased generally in all soil genetic layers, but the variety difference of other soil quality indices was relatively great. （2） The change of soil quality in the areas where land use changed is far more remarkable than that with land use unchanged. The value of quality variety is A layer 〉B （or P） layer 〉C （or W） layer. （3） The changes of soil tillage, cultivation, fertilization, irrigation and drainage activities related to land use may make some soil-forming processes disappeared and bring in other new processes which will affect the soil quality and soil genetic layers directly.

Impact of economic development on wetlands in Hangzhou Bay Industrial Belt

Based on Landsat TM images in 2005 and urban planning data of 2005-2020 in Hangzhou Bay Industrial Belt, this paper studied the potential risk of the planned urban construction land extension to the wetlands by employing a GIS spatial analysis method. The results show that： （1） The wetland resources are widely distributed and diverse, with a proximal distribution to present urban construction lands spatially. （2） From 2005 to 2020, the urban construction lands will expand vastly and rapidly, and will take over large areas of wetlands that are mostly the ponds and the aquiculture water areas in the reclamation areas of Hangzhou Bay south coast. Moreover, this change will be spatially uneven obviously, e.g., the most serious recessions of the wetlands are concentrated in Ningbo city, Hangzhou city and Cixi city. （3） Overall, the potential risk to wetlands is very high, and will keep increasing with the trend of urbanization. （4） The quantity and spatial pattern of the planning urban construction land have substantial impacts on the wetland loss. Therefore, some policies and regulations are suggested to coordinate the relationship between urban economic development and wetland resource protection such as adjusting the construction land planning, compensating for wetland occupation as well as constructing wetland parks.

Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: the Hangzhou experience

Over the last 25 years orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been proven a durabletherapy for all forms of end stage liver

^7Be content and its seasonal variation in the ground air around Hangzhou area

Twice investigations around Hangzhou area show that ^7Be content average in the ground air is 5.9mBq.m^-3.The content of ^7Be is the highest in autumn-winter period reaching about 7.7mBq.m^-3,the next is in spring about 6.2mBq.m^-3.then is in the early summer about 5.7mBq.m^-3,close to the annual average level;and the lowest in a year is in summer-autumm period with a value about 3.8mBq.m^-3.Exhibited is a decreasing trend from autumn-winter period to summer-autumn of the next year,which is negatively correlated with the variation of the seasonal rainfall in Hangzhou area.But this trend is different from that reported by UNSCEAR:it is the highest in spring and the lowest in the late autumn,which is based only on ^7Be falling down from the stratosphere.However,the present investigation shows that the seasonal rainfall is the main factor influencing the variation tend of ^7Be content in the air.

China organ donation and transplantation update: the Hangzhou Resolution

The much-anticipated change in the practice of organ donation and transplantation in China is now underway and affirmed by an important Hangzhou Resolution promulgated at the 2013 China Transplant Congress.Support of the National Health and Family Planning Commission On October 29,2013,in a meeting of the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC)officials with Jie-Fu Huang,Head of National Organ Transplant Committee(OTC), Hai-Bo Wang,Director of China Organ Transplant Response System (COTRS)

Grain size composition and transport of sedimentary organic carbon in the Changjiang River(Yangtze River) Estuary and Hangzhou Bay and their adjacent waters

Surface sediments from the Changjiang River （Yangtze River） Estuary, Hangzhou Bay, and their adjacent waters were analyzed for their grain size distribution, organic carbon （OC） concentration, and stable carbon isotope composition （δ13C）. Based on this analysis, about 36 surface sediment samples were selected from various environments and separated into sand （〉0.250 ram, 0.125-0.250 ram, 0.063-0.125 mm） and silt （0.025-0.063 mm） fractions by wet-sieving fractionation methods, and further into silt- （0.004-0.025 mm） and clay-sized （〈0.004 mm） fractions by centrifugal fractionation. Sediments of six grain size categories were analyzed for their OC and 613C contents to explore the grain size composition and transport paths of sedimentary OC in the study area. From fine to coarse fractions, the OC content was 1.18%, 0.51%, 0.46%, 0.42%, 0.99%, and 0.48%, respectively, while the δ13C was -21.64‰, -22.03‰, -22.52‰, -22.46‰, -22.36‰, and -22.28%0, respectively. In each size category, the OC contribution was 42.96%, 26.06%, 9.82%, 5.75%, 7.09%, and 8.33%, respectively. The OC content in clay and fine silt fractions （〈0.025 ram） was about 69.02%. High OC concentrations were mainly found in offshore modern sediments in the northeast of the Changjiang River Estuary, in modern sediments in the lower estuary of the Changjiang River and Hangzhou Bay, and in Cyclonic Eddy modern sediments to the southwest of the Cheju Island. Integrating the distribution of terrestrial OC content of each grain size category with the δ13C of the bulk sediment indicated that the terrestrial organic material in the Changjiang River Estuary was transported seaward and dispersed to the Cyclonic Eddy modern sediments to the southwest of the Cheju Island via two pathways： one was a result of the Changjiang River Diluted Water （CDW） northeastward extending branch driven by the North Jiangsu Coastal Current and the Yellow Sea Coastal Current, while the other one was the result of the CDW southward extending branch driven by the Taiwan Warm Current.

Selection of HCC patients for liver transplantation: the Milan criteria,Hangzhou criteria and beyond

Deceased or living liver graft should be considered as a valuable community resource. They should be implanted in patients who