Reverse flotation separation on diaspore and kaolinite in the presence of cationic polyacrylamide polymers

Based on the analyses of crystal structures and surface properties of diaspore and kaolinite, an effective diaspore depressant, CPAM(cationic polyacrylamide) polymers was discovered by single minerals tests, separation experiments of artificial mixed minerals, zetapotential and adsorption measurement. The reverse flotation separation on diaspore and kaolinite can be carried out using collector dodecylamine acetate and depressant CPAM under pH 5.5 8.5. On the surfaces of diaspore, there are a large amount of active aluminum atoms. They can bond with -C(O)NH 2 groups in CPAM and make the -CH 2N +(CH 3) 3 groups in CPAM orient toward the outer surfaces of diaspore, which prevents a majority of the dodecylamine cations from adsorbing on diaspore, enhances hydrophilicity of diaspore, and depresses the floatability of diaspore. But for kaolinite, CPAM polymers have little effect on its floatability.

Flotation techniques for separation of diaspore from bauxite using Gemini collector and starch depressant

The floatability of diaspore and three kinds of silicate minerals,including kaolinite,illite and pyrophyllite,by a cationic Gemini surfactant as collector and starch as depressant was investigated as function of reagents concentration and pulp pH.Further studies of artificially mixed minerals and bauxite ore were also detailedly conducted.At last,the pre-desliming reverse flotation separation process was adopted.It can be concluded that the combinational use of a Gemini cationic collector and the starch depressant is effective.The concentrates with Al2O3 to SiO2 mass ratio of 9.66 and the recovery of Al2O3 of 71.73% are obtained from natural bauxite ore(A/S=5.70) at pH value of around 10.

Effect of hydroxamic acid starch on reverse flotation desilicate from diasporic bauxite

It is important to depress diaspore effectively in order to remove silicates from diasporic bauxite. A new water soluble polymer hydroxamic acid starch (HA-starch) was prepared. The effects of the product on the diaspore and kaolinite flotation were investigated and its reactive mechanism was studied by zeta potential measurement and FTIR. The results show that HA-starch can depress diaspore while make positive effect on kaolinite flotation at low pH value(pH below 6). The flotation recovery of diaspore was sharply decreased with the increase of concentration of HA-starch. The chemical adsorption of HA-starch on the surface of diaspore was revealed.

Synthesis of N,N-diethyl dodecyl amine and its flotation properties on bauxite

N, N-diethyl dodecyl amine（DEN12） was synthesized from dodecyl amine, formic acid and acetic aldehyde. The collecting property of DENI2 on diaspore, kaolinite and illite was investigated by flotation test and infrared spectrum. The results show that in the presence of 2.0× 10^-4 mol/L DEN12, the recoveries of kaolinite and illite are all higher than 78% and the recovery of diaspore is 50% in the pH range of 5.5-6.0. The mass ratio of A1203 to SiO2 in concentrate obtained from separation artificial mixture is higher than 10, suggesting that DEN12 can be used as a collector to separate the aluminosilicates from diaspore in bauxite ores at the pulp pH below 8. The measurements of the infrared spectrum approve that the action between aluminosilicates and tertiary amine collector is strong electrostatic adsorption and that of diaspore is weak electrostatic adsorption.

Flotation mechanism of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore

Bauxite resources are widely spread in the earth. However, the effective utilization of this mineral is still under infant. The conventional collector for diaspore mineral is oleic acid. It has three main drawbacks which are highly insoluble, large dosages in bauxite flotation, and low selectivity, which hinder its application in industry. In this research, octylic hydroxamic acid was synthesized, and its collecting ability toward two major minerals in bauxite-diaspore and kaolinite was investigated. The collecting power of various reagents for diaspore are shown as follows: oleic acid<octylic hydroxamic acid; while the collecting power for kaolinite was like this: octylic hydroxamic acid<oleic acid. It is shown that octylic hydroxamic acid has the capability of high collectivity and good selectivity. The optimum pH was determined to be 8 9. Zeta potential test revealed that the anionic collectors-octylic hydroxamic acid and oleic acid had been adsorbed on the surface of diaspore and kaolinite, meanwhile the adsorption for diaspore was more remarkable. By the adsorptive capability and IR tests, the adsorption of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore was determined to be a process of chemical absorption, which was greater than that of oleic acid.

Action mechanism of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore

The conventional collector for diaspore mineral is oleic acid,which is highly insoluble and must be used in high dosage in bauxite flotation,that is the great drawback of oleic acid in use.Octylic hydroxamic acid was synthesized,and its collecting ability to certain minerals in bauxite:diaspore and kaolinite were studied.The collecting power of various reagents to diaspore in an incremental sequence was shown as follows:oleic acid<octylic hydroxamic acid,while the incremental sequence of the collecting power to kaolinite was like this:octylic hydroxamic acid < oleic acid.It could be seen that octylic hydroxamic acid had the capability of high collectivity and good selectivity,and octylic hydroxamic acid was chosen to use in the following experiments.Reduced zeta potential showed the adsorption of the anionic collector on the mineral.By the adsorptive capability and IR(infrared ray)tests,the adsorption of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore was determined to be chemical absorption,which was greater than that of oleic acid,as it was absorption by hydrogen bond.

Aluminum-silicates flotation with quaternary ammonium salts

The zeta potential measurements show that the flotation separation of diaspore from kaolinite, illite and pyrophyllite could be achieved in the range of pH 46.5 with cationic collectors. A special quaternary ammonium salts(DTAL) shows better selectivity than that the dodecyl amine(DDA) does for the flotation of three silicates. The closed circuit flotation results show that the reverse flotation de silicate can be achieved with DTAL as collector, a new inorganic reagent(SFL) as depressant and MIBC as frother to obtain a bauxite concentrate m (Al 2O 3)/ m (SiO 2) >10, Al 2O 3 recovery>86%).

聚丙烯酰胺类抑制剂对一水硬铝石和高岭石可浮性差异调控的影响

针对捕收剂在一水硬铝石与高岭石表面的吸附选择性较差的问题,添加3种不同类型的聚丙烯酰胺抑制剂调变捕收剂在矿物表面的选择性吸附差异,研究抑制剂类型对捕收剂丙撑基双十二酰胺丙基二甲基氯化铵(DAPDPAC)在矿物表面的吸附量差异和相互作用变化,以及抑制剂对两种矿物的浮选影响。浮选试验结果表明:与非离子聚丙烯酰胺(NPAM)和阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)相比,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)显示了捕收剂对两种矿物显著的浮选调变差异,且CPAM在浓度80 mg/L时,一水硬铝石的回收率受到明显抑制,而高岭石的回收率几乎不变,且在酸性至弱碱性环境下,可以较好地实现一水硬铝石和高岭石的浮选分离。红外光谱测试结果表明:添加的抑制剂CPAM有效地阻碍了DAPDPAC在一水硬铝石表面的吸附,而在高岭石表面的吸附无明显变化。吸附量、Zeta电位及XPS测试结果表明:CPAM用量大于80 mg/L时,DAPDPAC在一水硬铝石和高岭石表面的吸附量差值保持在9.76×10^(-7)mol/g以上。因此,CPAM可有效调控DAPDPAC在一水硬铝石和高岭石表面的选择性吸附,有利于强化DAPDPAC对一水硬铝石和高岭石的浮选分离。

高硫铝土矿反浮选除硫试验研究

研究了用反浮选的方法降低铝土矿中硫的含量。以碳酸钠为pH调整剂,六偏磷酸钠为抑制剂,硫化钠和硫酸铜为组合活化剂,丁基黄药和戊基黄药为组合捕收剂,对高硫铝土矿进行反浮选除硫试验研究,取得了高硫尾矿中硫含量为13.44%,硫回收率为56%,低硫铝土矿产率为96%,硫含量为0.44%试验指标。

阳离子聚丙烯酰胺反浮选分离一水硬铝石和高岭石

在分析一水硬铝石和高岭石的晶体结构以及表面性质差异的基础上 ,通过单矿物实验、人工混合矿实验、ζ-电位和吸附量研究 ,找到了一水硬铝石的有效抑制剂阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。在pH为 5 .5～ 8.5的范围内 ,实验了以十二胺醋酸盐为捕收剂时高岭石和一水硬铝石的反浮选分离。一水硬铝石表面活性Al原子数量多 ,易与酰胺基团结合 ,导致阳离子聚丙烯酰胺中的季铵基团定向排列在一水硬铝石表面的外面 ,阻止大部分十二胺阳离子吸附在其表面 ,并增大一水硬铝石的亲水性 ,抑制了一水硬铝石的上浮。而阳离子聚丙烯酰胺对十二胺浮选高岭石影响很小。

铝土矿反浮选新型捕收剂TR性能研究

通过对铝土矿反浮选新型捕收剂TR和传统捕收剂1231重要浮选性能的对比研究,揭示了TR在不加任何其他调整剂的情况下,即能在广泛的pH范围内实现高岭石和一水硬铝石的反浮选分离,且TR的使用量比1231低约50%;TR在用常规调整剂的情况下,精矿铝硅比为10.13,回收率77.14%,明显优于使用1231作捕收剂时的指标,而且精矿泡沫量很小,消泡容易。

高岭石与一水硬铝石反浮选分离药剂研究

针对我国铝土矿资源的实际情况,对一水硬铝石与主要脉石矿物高岭石的反浮选分离作了初步研究。研究了高岭石和一水硬铝石在十二胺体系中的浮游行为,从二者晶型结构差异入手,解释了高岭石用药量相对较大,以及在酸性条件下仍可大量上浮的原因。使用抑制剂YX-2,二者可浮性出现较大差异。最后配合使用分散剂YF-2,对一水硬铝石:高岭石为2:1的人工混合矿进行反浮选分离。经过一次粗选、一次精选,槽内产品实现回收率(以Al2O3计)75.03％,铝硅比10.66。

某废菌在铝土矿反浮选中的抑制效果

一水硬铝石的有效抑制是低铝硅比铝土矿反浮选脱硅的关键。以某工业废菌为一水硬铝石抑制剂,考察其在不同条件下对一水硬铝石和高岭石的抑制效果。研究表明,该菌对一水硬铝石抑制效果明显,而对高岭石上浮的影响不大。经对比试验,废菌对一水硬铝石作用效果明显优于传统的淀粉类抑制剂,在适宜的条件下,可改善一水硬铝石和高岭石的分离效果。此外,还对工业废菌在铝硅分离中的作用机理进行了研究。

硬质高岭石与一水硬铝石的反浮选分离

针对中国铝土矿资源具体特点 ,本文作了一水硬铝石与主要脉石矿物一硬质高岭石反浮选的初步研究。复合型药剂YB - 1很大的改善了硬质高岭石的可浮性 ,而YX - 3呈现很好的选择性。在pH <6 0时 ,二者差距达 6 0 %以上 ,特别是一水硬铝石产率小于 1 0 %。配合使用分散剂YF - 2 ,对一水硬铝石 ;高岭石 2 :1的人工混合矿进行反浮选分离。经过一次粗选、一次精选 ,槽内产品实现回收率(Al2 O3 ) 77 5 9% ,铝硅比 1 0 74。

一水硬铝石与脉石矿物反浮选分离研究

本文介绍了一水硬铝石与脉石矿物浮选行为差异的重要原因,并以BS-1为组合捕收剂、TZ-1为改性调整剂,在弱酸性介质中,对极难处理高硅铝土矿进行反浮选试验研究,取得了精矿铝硅比16.50,综合铝硅比10.05,综合回收率为70.95%的试验指标。同时对围岩分析发现,浮选尾矿的铝硅比(2.32)小于围岩的铝硅比(2.34)。

一水硬铝石型低品位铝土矿旋流-反浮选试验研究

依据我国铝土矿的特点和旋流分选规律,对A/S为4.39的一水硬铝石型铝土矿进行了旋流-反浮选试验,考查了浮选药剂、旋流器结构参数与操作参数、入料粒度等因素对铝土矿旋流-反浮选分离过程及效果的影响。试验结果表明,当给矿压强为0.2 MPa、充气压强为0.3 MPa、充气量为0.2 m3/h、改性淀粉用量为1 200 g/t、十二胺醋酸盐用量为150 g/t时,分选指标较好:底流的A/S为6.10,溢流的A/S为2.26,Al2O3在底流中的回收率为79.41%,SiO2在溢流中的回收率为41.19%;旋流-反浮选指标与同样结构与操作条件下的旋流重选指标相比有一定程度的提高;入料粒度对旋流-反浮选技术指标具有显著的影响,入料粒度以-0.074 mm占60%为宜;增大锥比和给矿压强可使底流中Al2O3的回收率提高8～10个百分点。

铝土矿浮选脱硅研究进展

回顾了铝土矿选矿脱硅提高铝硅比的历史发展与研究现状,分析了我国铝土矿选矿脱硅所面临的困难,并指出了我国铝土矿选矿今后的研究方向。

捕收剂CTAB对一水硬铝石与高岭石的浮选差异及其分子动力学模拟

为了研究季铵盐类捕收剂对铝土矿反浮选的影响,以十二胺(DDA)为参照捕收剂,考察了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选回收率的影响,并通过FTIR分析、Zeta电位检测、吸附量测定以及分子动力学模拟对作用机理进行了系统的分析。浮选试验结果表明,CTAB浮选分离效果优于DDA,在pH=4、CTAB浓度为2×10^(-4)mol/L时,纯矿物浮选试验一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选回收率相差51.70个百分点,人工混合矿试验获得了Al_(2)O_(3)品位71.73%、回收率71.26%、SiO_(2)含量9.43%的精矿,铝硅比A/S达到7.60。机理分析结果表明,捕收剂CTAB在一水硬铝石和高岭石表面均有吸附,在高岭石表面的吸附量大于在一水硬铝石表面的吸附量,且均为物理吸附;分子动力学模拟计算结果表明捕收剂CTAB与高岭石总相互作用能为与一水硬铝石总相互作用能的2.29倍,因此CTAB分子优先吸附于高岭石的表面,具有较高的选择性,有利于反浮选的进行。

Gemini 12-3-12浮选分离一水硬铝石与高岭石的机理研究

以Gemini12-3-12为捕收剂,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)作为抑制剂,研究了反浮选过程中一水硬铝石与高岭石的分离机理。浮选试验结果表明,未添加CPAM抑制剂时,捕收剂对一水硬铝石和高岭石均表现出较好的捕收性能;加入CPAM抑制剂后,一水硬铝石的回收率大幅降低,而高岭石的回收率降低较小,在pH=6、Gemini 12-3-12浓度为2×10^(-4)mol/L、CPAM浓度为90 mg/L的条件下,单矿物浮选试验中一水硬铝石与高岭石浮选回收率差异达到最大,通过人工混合矿试验,精矿回收率能够达到76.2%,铝硅比为10.18。通过Zeta电位测定、吸附量测定、红外光谱和分子动力学模拟分析了药剂与矿物间的作用机理。吸附结果表明,CPAM在一水硬铝石表面的吸附量远高于高岭石,从而有效地降低了捕收剂在一水硬铝石表面的吸附,分子模拟结果进一步表明,CPAM的加入扩大了两种矿物表面的差异,有利于浮选分离。

阳离子捕收剂对一水硬铝石和高岭石的浮选行为影响研究

文章考察了阳离子捕收剂十二胺、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对单矿物一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选行为的影响,并初步探索了铝土矿中一水硬铝石与主要脉石矿物高岭石的反浮选分离。试验结果表明:在pH=8、捕收剂十二烷基三甲基氯化铵的浓度为2.0×10-4mol/L、可溶性淀粉浓度为80 mg/L时,一水硬铝石和高岭石回收率分别达到5%和81%,可有效实现一水硬铝石和高岭石的分离。