Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of communication networks

To enhance the fidelity and accuracy of the simulation of communication networks,hardware-in-the-loop（HITL） simulation was employed.HITL simulation methods was classified into three categories,of which the merits and shortages were compared.Combing system-in-the-loop（SITL） simulation principle with high level architecture（HLA）,an HITL simulation model of asynchronous transfer mode（ATM） network was constructed.The throughput and end-to-end delay of all-digital simulation and HITL simulation was analyzed,which showed that HITL simulation was more reliable and effectively improved the simulation credibility of communication network.Meanwhile,HLA-SITL method was fast and easy to achieve and low-cost during design lifecycle.Thus,it was a feasible way to research and analyze the large-scale network.

Development of a Low-cost Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation System as a Test Bench for Anti-lock Braking System

Nowadays validation of anti-lock braking systems（ABS） relies mainly on a large amount of road tests.An alternative means with higher efficiency is employing the hardware-in-the-loop simulation（HILS） system to substitute part of road tests for designing,testing,and tuning electronic control units（ECUs） of ABS.Most HILS systems for ABS use expensive digital signal processor hardware and special purpose software,and some fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speeds cannot be evaluated since artificial wheel speed signals are usually provided.In this paper,a low-cost ABS HILS test bench is developed and used for validating the anti-lock braking performance and tuning control parameters of ABS controllers.Another important merit of the proposed test bench is that it can comprehensively evaluate the fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speed signals since real tone rings and sensors are integrated in the bench.A 5-DOF vehicle model with consideration of longitudinal load transfer is used to calculate tire forces,wheel speeds and vehicle speed.Each of the four real-time wheel speed signal generators consists of a servo motor plus a ring gear,which has sufficient dynamic response ability to emulate the rapid changes of the wheel speeds under strict braking conditions of very slippery roads.The simulation of braking tests under different road adhesion coefficients using the HILS test bench is run,and results show that it can evaluate the anti-lock braking performance of ABS and partly the fail-safe functions.This HILS system can also be used in such applications as durability test,benchmarking and comparison between different ECUs.The test bench developed not only has a relatively low cost,but also can be used to validate the wheel speed-related ECU design and all its fail-safe functions,and a rapid testing and proving platform with a high efficiency for research and development of the automotive ABS is therefore provided.

Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation System for Space Manipulator Docking: Model,Stability and Experimental Evaluation

A manipulator-type docking hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation system is proposed in this paper,with further development of the space docking technology and corresponding requirements of the engineering project.First,the structure of the manipulator-type HIL simulation system is explained.The mass and the flexibility of the manipulator has an important influence on the stability of the HIL system,which is the premise of accurately simulating actual space docking.Thus,the docking HIL simulation models of rigid,flexible and flexible-light space manipulators are established.The characteristics of the three HIL systems are studied from three important aspects:the system parameter configuration relation,the system stability condition and the dynamics frequency simulation ability.The key conclusions obtained were that the system satisfies stability or reproduction accuracy.Meanwhile,the influence of different manipulators on the system stability is further analyzed.The accuracy of the calculated results is verified experimentally.

Hardware in Loop Simulation for Emergency Communication Mobile Ad Hoc Network

For the research of mobile Ad hoc network (MANET), hardware in the loop simulation (HILS) is introduced to improve simulation fidelity. The architectures and frameworks of HILS system are discussed. Based on HILS and QualNet network simulator, two kinds of simulation frameworks for MANET multicast emergency communication network are proposed. By running simulation under this configuration and doing experiments with on-demand multicast routing protocol (ODMRP), unicast and multicast functions of this protocol are tested. Research results indicate that HILS method can effectively reduce the difficulty of system modeling and improve precision of simulation, and can further accelerate transition from design to system deployment.

Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Vibration Control of Stay Cables with Damper Based on dSPACE System

A simple and economical method based on dSPACE system is developed to measure the effect of cable vibration control.The experiments,numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation are carried out for the vibration control of stay cables with dampers.Firstly,the test results of solid cable vibration under harmonic excitation are compared with the numerical simulation results of cable vibration to ensure the correctness of the simulation of cable module.Then,the vibration test results of solid cable with damper under harmonic excitation are compared with the numerical simulation results of solid cable with damper to ensure the correctness of the relevant modules.Finally,the external load and the cable are imported into the real-time simulation system to simulate the control effect of the damper under the current excitation in real time.The results show that the simulation is correct and the HIL simulation is feasible in the bridge engineering.

Hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for space information networks

Thanks to the recent advances in SIS(Space Information Science)and increasingly mature technologies,network simulations have attracted much attention,which play vital roles in research on validation of the correctness of SIN’s(Space Information Network)solutions.In this paper,we constitute an architecture of a hardware-in-the-loop simulation system,where we use a server to act as a real satellite of SINs.Moreover,we model the channel of the satellite network relying on real cables and servers by referring to the Corazza model.Furthermore,based on the data of real weather events,we propose a coordinate mode for reducing LEO’s(Low Earth Orbit)communication delay and validate the efficiency of our proposed method on simulation platform by simplifying the problem to a shortest path problem.

FPGA-based hardware-in-the-loop for multi-domain simulation

In this paper,we present a new approach for complex system design,which allows rapid,efficient and low-cost prototyping.This approach can simplify designing tasks and go faster from system modeling to effective hardware implementation.Designing multi-domain systems requires different engineering competences and several tools,our approach gives a unique design environment,based on the use of VHDL-AMS modeling language and FPGA device within the same design tool.This approach is intended to enhance hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)practices with a more realistic simulation which improve the verification process in the system design flow.This paper describes the implementation of a software/hardware platform as a practical support for our approach,the feasibility and the benefits of this approach are demonstrated through a practical case study for power converter control.The obtained results show that the developed method achieves significant speed-up compared with conventional simulation,with a minimum used resources and minimum latency.

激光制导武器半实物仿真系统的设计与实现

首先,以某激光制导弹药为背景,提出了室内半实物仿真系统的总体设计方案,介绍了一种激光半主动导引头的工作原理。其次,在室内局限环境下,建立了弹目几何关系的数学模型,研究了导引头入瞳光学特性,并根据制导与控制系统的工作原理,设计了末制导段弹道的半实物仿真模型。最后,设置两种末端制导的初始条件,引入导引头和角速率陀螺等弹上部件进行多次弹道仿真试验。试验结果表明,基于该导引头和角速率陀螺的制导与控制系统设计合理,可以实现精确打击。

基于SINS/GPS/DVL组合导航的AUV半实物仿真系统设计

基于导航与控制一体化系统和实时网络技术,设计了一种新的采用惯导、多普勒、GPS组合导航方式的半实物仿真系统,解决了半实物仿真数据传输的实时性问题和时间协调同步问题,进行了控制系统的半实物仿真试验。试验结果表明,所设计的半实物仿真系统导航、控制算法正确,计算精度和解算时延达到系统要求。

新软件技术在燃料电池客车控制系统中的应用

燃料电池城市客车的部件繁多,结构复杂,包括燃料电池发动机、蓄电池、DC/DC和电动机等多个部件节点,其控制系统多采用复杂的分布式控制系统。该控制系统信息流量大、控制任务复杂、实时性要求高,在开发与运行过程当中对数据监控、故障诊断、程序在线更新、数据传输等都提出了更高的要求。在燃料电池城市客车控制系统研发与装备过程中,采用了OSEK/VDX标准的实时操作系统、硬件在环实时仿真、时间触发控制器局域网(Controller area network,CAN)以及无缝自动代码生成等最新的软件技术,这些新技术的应用,有效地提高了燃料电池客车控制系统的开发效率,降低了系统故障率,并为燃料电池客车的优化控制构建了一个开放的技术平台。

基于RT-LAB的柔性直流配电保护系统的硬件在环测试

基于PSCAD/EMTDC等纯数字仿真软件对柔性直流配电保护系统进行的研究不能真实模拟保护装置的响应特性、也不便于保护方案的开发和扩展。鉴于此,通过实时数字仿真器RT-LAB以及保护装置的无缝连接,在国内首次搭建出基于深圳典型四端柔性直流配电网的硬件在环测试平台。该平台采用独有的e HS技术解决了实时模拟高频直流变压器的难题,可显著提升测试的时效性和实用性,具有较高的置信度。利用该平台对柔性直流配电网的三种典型故障进行了硬件在环故障测试,验证了所配置保护策略的性能。结果表明:所配置的保护方案功能全、性能好,在故障时动作准确可靠,无死区;实验结果可以直接应用到一次动模实验中,可为柔性直流配电工程的建设研究提供参考。

基于非线性补偿的涡扇发动机MRAC控制(英文)

以工程应用为目的,采用输入输出模型参考自适应控制方法设计了航空发动机转速模型参考自适应控制器(Model reference adaptive control,MRAC)。针对发动机的非线性特性,设计了函数连接型神经网络补偿器。开展了控制器实物在回路仿真试验,结果表明基于非线性补偿的MRAC在包线内具有良好的动静态性能,对于发动机及其工作环境的非线性具有良好的补偿能力和适应性,验证了自适应控制方法在航空发动机工程应用中的有效性。

红外成像寻的导弹半实物仿真系统设计

红外成像制导半实物仿真试验是红外成像寻的导弹设计和研制阶段对传感器性能、图像处理系统性能及其总体性能检测与评估的有效手段;红外成像制导半实物仿真系统采用动态红外景象仿真系统实时模拟弹道末段目标及背景的热辐射特征,五轴飞行仿真转台实时模拟弹体飞行姿态以及弹目运动,反射内存网解决实时通信问题,使得红外成像导引头在仿真过程中能较好地跟踪目标,达到满意的检测与评估效果。

分布式仿真系统中基于TAO中间件的网络通信

面向航空飞行器的半实物分布式仿真系统中,传统的基于Socket的编程方法难以满足网络通信的多样性、实时性及高可靠性等要求。通过分析仿真系统的通信特点,基于TAO(The ACE Orb)实时中间件,利用其提供的抽象机制、命名服务和调度服务等,提出了针对控制通信与仿真通信的网络通信模型。实验结果表明,这一模型额外开销较小,可以满足目标系统的技术要求。基于TAO中间件实现仿真平台网络通信,有效降低了网络通信的设计复杂度,保证了实时、高效、可靠的网络通信。

仿真机与仿真网络相结合的仿真系统框架研究

半实物仿真系统的复杂性和实时要求的不断提高,使得仿真系统的结构日益依赖于先进的技术。针对当前仿真系统的强实时性和大流量等特点,在比较了现有几种网络通信方法的优缺点和分析了一款新型仿真计算机特点的基础上,提出了一种高效的仿真系统框架。

面向密码协议的半实物网络仿真方法

针对常用仿真工具在进行面向密码协议的半实物(hardware-in-the-loop,HIL)网络仿真时接口不支持、密码协议仿真资源缺失、无法实现密码协议处理等问题,提出一种面向密码协议的HIL网络仿真方法。在形式化分析面向密码协议HIL网络仿真建模环境的基础上,给出了密码协议HIL网络仿真过程中用到的关键技术,构建了基于OMNe T++的HIL网络仿真模型;然后就仿真过程中存在的关键问题进行了分析,提出了有效的解决方案;最后以网际控制报文协议(Internet control message protocol,ICMP)在测试主机连通性中的应用为例,基于封装安全载荷(encapsulate security payload,ESP)协议,对面向密码协议的HIL网络仿真方法进行了仿真测试。实验结果表明,与现有HIL网络仿真方法相比,该方法可以对经ESP协议处理后的ICMP询问报文进行响应,有效地使虚实主机基于密码协议进行保密通信。

城市客车信息集成控制网络测试技术研究

本文针对城市客车信息集成控制网络,确定了网络的性能指标。采用一种新的车载网络总线监控工具——Vehicle Spy 3,结合半实物仿真技术,构建了城市客车信息集成控制网络的测试平台,从测试环境构建、测试步骤和测试过程中的主要问题等方面研究了城市客车信息集成控制网络的测试方法,结合实例车型对城市客车信息集成控制网络的测试技术进行了实验。实验结果表明,所研究的城市客车信息集成控制网络的测试技术可行,适应工程需要。

基于ZYNQ的航空发动机传感器仿真系统设计

针对航空发动机传感器地面仿真实验中存在的缺陷进行了深入研究,提出了一种采用硬件在环仿真的全新模式,解决了传统实验操作复杂、易受干扰、扩展性差等不足;仿真系统基于可扩展处理平台Zynq,移植了适合嵌入式系统的小型TCP/IP协议栈LwIP,可接入综合实验网络;对于不同的实验要求,只需调整接入网络的设备数量,大幅提高了可扩展性,便于系统集成;用户无需进入实验室,就能完成模型仿真、参数验证、数据测试等一系列操作;实际使用效果表明,新型仿真系统的综合性能大幅优于传统模式;在航空发动机的仿真与测试方面,提供了一种高效便利的解决方案,可提升实验效率30%以上。目前已被成功应用到多型航空发动机综合实验中。

基于半实物的网络防御仿真测试模型

针对在真实网络中对防御进行测试存在高成本高风险的不足,将半实物网络仿真方法引入防御测试研究中,分析了半实物网络仿真的原理,建立了一种基于半实物的网络防御仿真测试模型,给出了模型的两种基本应用。着重对网络防御半实物仿真测试的实现技术进行了分析,通过自定义包转换的方法来扩展OPNET所能支持的攻击的半实物仿真,最后通过仿真实验来验证了模型的有效性。该模型能够将实际节点映射到虚拟网络中,使防御测试中的实际攻防行为在虚拟网络中运行,从而既避免了建立复杂的真实测试平台,又使得测试过程安全可控,还提高了仿真测试结果的可信度。

RT-LAB的智能分布式自动化终端互操作闭环仿真测试策略

由于智能分布式具有快速定位、隔离故障并转供复电的特点,基于智能分布式的馈线自动化技术在城市配电网的重要供电区域逐渐得到推广应用。然而,对于采用IEC61850对等通信的智能分布式配电自动化终端,不同厂商终端之间的互操作对通信模型和功能逻辑的一致性要求非常高,导致实际工程中互操作成功率非常低,这也成为推广智能分布式技术的最大阻碍。为此,本文基于实时数字电力系统仿真平台,研究并提出了适用于智能分布式自动化终端互操作的硬件在环测试平台和测试方法。该成果已经广泛应用于广东电网智能分布式终端互操作测试,及时发现并解决了互操作中存在的问题,为后续的现场测试及落地投运扫除技术障碍。