The article summarizes the achievements of research on the mechanism of auriculo-acu-points by us in recent years.(1) By stimulating and recording the electric activities of the sympathetic nerve, it has been observed...The article summarizes the achievements of research on the mechanism of auriculo-acu-points by us in recent years.(1) By stimulating and recording the electric activities of the sympathetic nerve, it has been observed that the abnormal sympathetic excitation is the cause for the reduction of the electric resistance itt ear acupoints, the occurrence of the low-resistance spots in the auricle, and the auricular resistance has a phasic process of rising ahead and falling behind, we have observed that the quantity change of the low-resistance spots in the auricle is parallel to the quantity of the syrnpathetlc fibres, with local injection of the specific sympathetic-destroying agent, 6-OHDA.(2) It was confirmed with animal cross-circulation method that humour factors participate in the viscera-auriculo-acupoint response. Furthermore, the adrenal effect was proved with the adrenal extirpation. A several models of Yang-deficiency syndrome were rnade to analyze the action of some substaflces secreted from adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla.(3) On the basis of the above-mentioned outcome, a hypothesis that specific and nonspecif1c viscera-auriculo-acupoint responses are mixed has been rendered, The specific response here means the special relationship between certain parts of the auricle and certain viscera which forms the foundation of auriculo-acupoints, while the nonspecific one refers to the general or diffused response in the whole auricle resulting from the actions of all the viscera and other parts of the body. The specific response may be fulfilled by the sympathetic nerve, wh1le the nonspecific response is accomplished by both of sympathetic nerve and adrenal gland. The significance of the research may be concluded in the following: the mechanism of auricle diagnosis in clinic has been further understood; the diagnostic accurracy and the therapeutical effect could be raised and a new breakthrough for expounding the substance of meridians and collaterals could be made.展开更多
Forty-three patients with chronic spinal cord injury for over 6 months were transplanted with bryonic olfactory ensheathing cells, 2-4 × 106, into multiple sites in the injured area under the sur-gical microscope...Forty-three patients with chronic spinal cord injury for over 6 months were transplanted with bryonic olfactory ensheathing cells, 2-4 × 106, into multiple sites in the injured area under the sur-gical microscope. The sympathetic skin response in patients was measured with an electromyo-graphy/evoked potential instrument 1 day before transplantation and 3-8 weeks after trans-tion. Spinal nerve function of patients was assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale. The sympathetic skin response was elicited in 32 cases before olfactory en-sheathing celltransplantation, while it was observed in 34 cases after transplantation. tantly, sympathetic skin response latency decreased significantly and amplitude increased cantly after transplantation. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells also improved American Spinal Injury Association scores for movement, pain and light touch. Our findings indicate that factory ensheathing celltransplantation improves motor, sensory and autonomic nerve functions in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.展开更多
Epilepsy is a neurodegenerative disease that interrupts the normal electrical activity of the brain and promotes abnormal wiring in this organ.Epileptic seizures are often associated with significant changes in the fu...Epilepsy is a neurodegenerative disease that interrupts the normal electrical activity of the brain and promotes abnormal wiring in this organ.Epileptic seizures are often associated with significant changes in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system(ANS).展开更多
BACKGROUND： The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it wil...BACKGROUND： The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it will be important to know whether sympathetic skin response can be used as the index for the clinical evaluation of myasthenia gravis. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the diagnostic value of sympathetic skin response in the damage of autonomic nerve function of patients with myasthenia gravis. DESIGN： A case-controlled comparative observation. SETTING： Department of Neurology and Room of Nerve Electromyogram, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. PARTICIPANTS： Thirty outpatients or inpatients with myasthenia gravis were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2006 to May 2007, including 9 males and 21 females, aged 8 - 72 years with a mean age of （28 ± 5） years old. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standards of myasthenia gravis, accompanied by different severity of autonomic nerve symptoms, including poor skin nutrition, sweating of hands and feet, pyknocardia, persistent hypotension, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. They all had not taken any drug affecting the autonomic nerve function before the examination. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were enrolled as the normal control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged 10 - 75 years with a mean age of （31 ±5） years old. Approval was obtained from the hospital ethic committee. METHODS： After admission, the patients were examined with sympathetic skin response using DANTEC keypoint 2.0 electromyography evoked potential apparatus （Danmark）. The changes of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were observed. The subjects in the normal control group were examined with the same methods at physical examination. Abnormality was judged by the disappearance of wave form, latency longer than that in the normal control group by Mean＋2.5SD, or wave amplitude lower than the average value in the normal control group by 50%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The results of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were compared between the patients with myasthenia gravis and normal controls. RESULTS： All the 30 patients with myasthenia gravis and 30 healthy physical examinees were involved in the final analysis of results. There were no significant differences between the left and right upper and lower limbs in both the myasthenia gravis group and normal control group （P 〉 0.05）. In the myasthenia gravis group, the abnormal rate of sympathetic skin response was 37% （11/30）, the latency was prolonged and the wave amplitude was decreased as compared with those in the normal control group, and there were significant differences （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Sympathetic skin response can be used as an electrophysiological index for judging the damages of autonomic nerve function in patients with myasthenia gravis.展开更多
In this paper, we present a novel and efficient method for the design of a sharp, two dimensional (2D) wideband, circularly symmetric, FIR filter. First of all, a sharp one dimensional (1D) infinite precision FIR filt...In this paper, we present a novel and efficient method for the design of a sharp, two dimensional (2D) wideband, circularly symmetric, FIR filter. First of all, a sharp one dimensional (1D) infinite precision FIR filter is designed using the Frequency Response Masking (FRM) technique. This filter is converted into a multiplier-less filter by representing it in the Canonic Signed Digit (CSD) space. The design of the FRM filter in the CSD space calls for the use of a discrete optimization technique. To this end, a new optimization approach is proposed using a modified Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA). HSA is modified in such a way that, in every exploitation and exploration phase, the candidate solutions turns out to be integers. The 1D FRM multiplier-less filter, is in turn transformed to the 2D equivalent using the recently proposed multiplier-less transformations namely, T1 and T2. These transformations are successful in generating circular contours even for wideband filters. Since multipliers are the most power consuming elements in a 2D filter, the multiplier-less realization calls for reduced power consumption as well as computation time. Significant reduction in the computational complexity and computation time are the highlights of our proposed design technique. Besides, the proposed discrete optimization using modified HSA can be used to solve optimization problems in other engineering disciplines, where the search space consists of integers.展开更多
The Awakening stressed that if women wanted to gain self-being and self-independence they should abandon family and social responsibilities.This thought is too extreme.Women's real freedom and independence could n...The Awakening stressed that if women wanted to gain self-being and self-independence they should abandon family and social responsibilities.This thought is too extreme.Women's real freedom and independence could not be gained out of family and social responsibilities.And family responsibilities should not be seen as the fetter to women's pursuit of self-being and self-independence,or it will cause a few problems in marriage and hurt themselves and other persons.Women's real awakening is that there are no conflicts between family and women's self-being.Only based on social harmony and family responsibilities,women could gain real self-being and that is women's real awakening.展开更多
文摘The article summarizes the achievements of research on the mechanism of auriculo-acu-points by us in recent years.(1) By stimulating and recording the electric activities of the sympathetic nerve, it has been observed that the abnormal sympathetic excitation is the cause for the reduction of the electric resistance itt ear acupoints, the occurrence of the low-resistance spots in the auricle, and the auricular resistance has a phasic process of rising ahead and falling behind, we have observed that the quantity change of the low-resistance spots in the auricle is parallel to the quantity of the syrnpathetlc fibres, with local injection of the specific sympathetic-destroying agent, 6-OHDA.(2) It was confirmed with animal cross-circulation method that humour factors participate in the viscera-auriculo-acupoint response. Furthermore, the adrenal effect was proved with the adrenal extirpation. A several models of Yang-deficiency syndrome were rnade to analyze the action of some substaflces secreted from adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla.(3) On the basis of the above-mentioned outcome, a hypothesis that specific and nonspecif1c viscera-auriculo-acupoint responses are mixed has been rendered, The specific response here means the special relationship between certain parts of the auricle and certain viscera which forms the foundation of auriculo-acupoints, while the nonspecific one refers to the general or diffused response in the whole auricle resulting from the actions of all the viscera and other parts of the body. The specific response may be fulfilled by the sympathetic nerve, wh1le the nonspecific response is accomplished by both of sympathetic nerve and adrenal gland. The significance of the research may be concluded in the following: the mechanism of auricle diagnosis in clinic has been further understood; the diagnostic accurracy and the therapeutical effect could be raised and a new breakthrough for expounding the substance of meridians and collaterals could be made.
文摘Forty-three patients with chronic spinal cord injury for over 6 months were transplanted with bryonic olfactory ensheathing cells, 2-4 × 106, into multiple sites in the injured area under the sur-gical microscope. The sympathetic skin response in patients was measured with an electromyo-graphy/evoked potential instrument 1 day before transplantation and 3-8 weeks after trans-tion. Spinal nerve function of patients was assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale. The sympathetic skin response was elicited in 32 cases before olfactory en-sheathing celltransplantation, while it was observed in 34 cases after transplantation. tantly, sympathetic skin response latency decreased significantly and amplitude increased cantly after transplantation. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells also improved American Spinal Injury Association scores for movement, pain and light touch. Our findings indicate that factory ensheathing celltransplantation improves motor, sensory and autonomic nerve functions in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.
基金supported by the Research Fund of the Erciyes University(TSD-09-1039)
文摘Epilepsy is a neurodegenerative disease that interrupts the normal electrical activity of the brain and promotes abnormal wiring in this organ.Epileptic seizures are often associated with significant changes in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system(ANS).
文摘BACKGROUND： The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it will be important to know whether sympathetic skin response can be used as the index for the clinical evaluation of myasthenia gravis. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the diagnostic value of sympathetic skin response in the damage of autonomic nerve function of patients with myasthenia gravis. DESIGN： A case-controlled comparative observation. SETTING： Department of Neurology and Room of Nerve Electromyogram, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. PARTICIPANTS： Thirty outpatients or inpatients with myasthenia gravis were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2006 to May 2007, including 9 males and 21 females, aged 8 - 72 years with a mean age of （28 ± 5） years old. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standards of myasthenia gravis, accompanied by different severity of autonomic nerve symptoms, including poor skin nutrition, sweating of hands and feet, pyknocardia, persistent hypotension, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. They all had not taken any drug affecting the autonomic nerve function before the examination. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were enrolled as the normal control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged 10 - 75 years with a mean age of （31 ±5） years old. Approval was obtained from the hospital ethic committee. METHODS： After admission, the patients were examined with sympathetic skin response using DANTEC keypoint 2.0 electromyography evoked potential apparatus （Danmark）. The changes of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were observed. The subjects in the normal control group were examined with the same methods at physical examination. Abnormality was judged by the disappearance of wave form, latency longer than that in the normal control group by Mean＋2.5SD, or wave amplitude lower than the average value in the normal control group by 50%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The results of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were compared between the patients with myasthenia gravis and normal controls. RESULTS： All the 30 patients with myasthenia gravis and 30 healthy physical examinees were involved in the final analysis of results. There were no significant differences between the left and right upper and lower limbs in both the myasthenia gravis group and normal control group （P 〉 0.05）. In the myasthenia gravis group, the abnormal rate of sympathetic skin response was 37% （11/30）, the latency was prolonged and the wave amplitude was decreased as compared with those in the normal control group, and there were significant differences （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Sympathetic skin response can be used as an electrophysiological index for judging the damages of autonomic nerve function in patients with myasthenia gravis.
文摘In this paper, we present a novel and efficient method for the design of a sharp, two dimensional (2D) wideband, circularly symmetric, FIR filter. First of all, a sharp one dimensional (1D) infinite precision FIR filter is designed using the Frequency Response Masking (FRM) technique. This filter is converted into a multiplier-less filter by representing it in the Canonic Signed Digit (CSD) space. The design of the FRM filter in the CSD space calls for the use of a discrete optimization technique. To this end, a new optimization approach is proposed using a modified Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA). HSA is modified in such a way that, in every exploitation and exploration phase, the candidate solutions turns out to be integers. The 1D FRM multiplier-less filter, is in turn transformed to the 2D equivalent using the recently proposed multiplier-less transformations namely, T1 and T2. These transformations are successful in generating circular contours even for wideband filters. Since multipliers are the most power consuming elements in a 2D filter, the multiplier-less realization calls for reduced power consumption as well as computation time. Significant reduction in the computational complexity and computation time are the highlights of our proposed design technique. Besides, the proposed discrete optimization using modified HSA can be used to solve optimization problems in other engineering disciplines, where the search space consists of integers.
文摘The Awakening stressed that if women wanted to gain self-being and self-independence they should abandon family and social responsibilities.This thought is too extreme.Women's real freedom and independence could not be gained out of family and social responsibilities.And family responsibilities should not be seen as the fetter to women's pursuit of self-being and self-independence,or it will cause a few problems in marriage and hurt themselves and other persons.Women's real awakening is that there are no conflicts between family and women's self-being.Only based on social harmony and family responsibilities,women could gain real self-being and that is women's real awakening.
