The battery management system(BMS)is the main safeguard of a battery system for electric propulsion and machine electrifcation.It is tasked to ensure reliable and safe operation of battery cells connected to provide h...The battery management system(BMS)is the main safeguard of a battery system for electric propulsion and machine electrifcation.It is tasked to ensure reliable and safe operation of battery cells connected to provide high currents at high voltage levels.In addition to efectively monitoring all the electrical parameters of a battery pack system,such as the voltage,current,and temperature,the BMS is also used to improve the battery performance with proper safety measures within the system.With growing acceptance of lithium-ion batteries,major industry sectors such as the automotive,renewable energy,manufacturing,construction,and even some in the mining industry have brought forward the mass transition from fossil fuel dependency to electric powered machinery and redefned the world of energy storage.Hence,the functional safety considerations,which are those relating to automatic protection,in battery management for battery pack technologies are particularly important to ensure that the overall electrical system,regardless of whether it is for electric transportation or stationary energy storage,is in accordance with high standards of safety,reliability,and quality.If the system or product fails to meet functional and other safety requirements on account of faulty design or a sequence of failure events,then the environment,people,and property could be endangered.This paper analyzed the details of BMS for electric transportation and large-scale energy storage systems,particularly in areas concerned with hazardous environment.The analysis covers the aspect of functional safety that applies to BMS and is in accordance with the relevant industrial standards.A comprehensive evaluation of the components,architecture,risk reduction techniques,and failure mode analysis applicable to BMS operation was also presented.The article further provided recommendations on safety design and performance optimization in relation to the overall BMS integration.展开更多
In this paper, the status quo of safety production on construction sites and the hazardous and harmful factors in the construction process were analyzed, and corresponding suggestions were proposed to make up for the ...In this paper, the status quo of safety production on construction sites and the hazardous and harmful factors in the construction process were analyzed, and corresponding suggestions were proposed to make up for the shortcomings of the safety production assurance system standards on construction sites.展开更多
为探究不同模态转换下任务切换对监控人员警觉度衰减现象的影响,采用脑电实验法,设计了危险动作识别、危险场景识别等任务,并结合行为数据及事件相关电位(Event Related Potential,ERP)技术进行综合分析;实验重点考察在任务切换过程中,...为探究不同模态转换下任务切换对监控人员警觉度衰减现象的影响,采用脑电实验法,设计了危险动作识别、危险场景识别等任务,并结合行为数据及事件相关电位(Event Related Potential,ERP)技术进行综合分析;实验重点考察在任务切换过程中,不同模态的任务之间进行切换对监控人员警觉度的具体影响;通过对煤矿监控调度人员的实证研究,揭示了切换任务的模态差异性对监控员警觉度的影响及其内在机制。结果表明:当在相同刺激任务间进行切换时带来的工作绩效下降,主要原因在于任务切换产生的切换成本导致注意力分散,具体体现在任务切换后P300和P200平均波幅的升高;但是在不同刺激任务间进行切换时,尤其是切换到听觉刺激任务时,被试者的警觉度水平反而得到了一定程度的提升。展开更多
随着经济的发展和社会的进步,快节奏的生活方式使得预制菜食品受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。近年来,预制菜行业发展迅速,并保持高速增长态势,发展潜力巨大,但也凸显出一些问题。本文对预制菜产业发展现状进行论述,探讨预制菜发展前...随着经济的发展和社会的进步,快节奏的生活方式使得预制菜食品受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。近年来,预制菜行业发展迅速,并保持高速增长态势,发展潜力巨大,但也凸显出一些问题。本文对预制菜产业发展现状进行论述,探讨预制菜发展前景,并对消费者普遍关注的预制菜食品标准问题和安全问题进行全面分析。结合预制菜行业发展实际情况,提出逐步建立健全标准体系、在生产过程中实施危害分析和关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points,HACCP)食品安全控制体系建议,旨在提升预制菜食品生产企业的安全风险控制管理水平、预制菜食品质量水平以及预制菜食品安全控制水平,为广大消费者提供方便、快捷、安全的预制菜食品,为预制菜产业的市场监管及健康发展奠定基础。展开更多
随着食品安全问题日益受到重视,危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系作为保障食品安全的重要手段,其有效实施与监控显得尤为重要。基于此,本文阐述了HACCP体系的内涵,分析了HACCP体系有效实施...随着食品安全问题日益受到重视,危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系作为保障食品安全的重要手段,其有效实施与监控显得尤为重要。基于此,本文阐述了HACCP体系的内涵,分析了HACCP体系有效实施的路径,包括建立前提条件、确定关键控制点、设立监控程序等。同时,分析了HACCP体系在实施监控中存在的问题,如企业重视程度不足、监控手段落后等,并针对这些问题提出了相应的改进建议,旨在为食品企业和监管部门提供一些参考和借鉴,促进食品安全管理水平的提升。展开更多
危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系是一种先进的食品安全管理体系,目前在中小学和幼儿园食堂中应用较少。本文对校园食堂食品加工流程进行危害分析,确定关键控制点和关键限制,并建立HACCP计...危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系是一种先进的食品安全管理体系,目前在中小学和幼儿园食堂中应用较少。本文对校园食堂食品加工流程进行危害分析,确定关键控制点和关键限制,并建立HACCP计划表和操作性前提方案(Operational Prerequisite Program,OPRP)控制计划,为HACCP体系在中小学和幼儿园食堂中的应用提供理论参考。展开更多
基金supported by Azure Mining Technology,CCTEG,and the University of Wollongong.
文摘The battery management system(BMS)is the main safeguard of a battery system for electric propulsion and machine electrifcation.It is tasked to ensure reliable and safe operation of battery cells connected to provide high currents at high voltage levels.In addition to efectively monitoring all the electrical parameters of a battery pack system,such as the voltage,current,and temperature,the BMS is also used to improve the battery performance with proper safety measures within the system.With growing acceptance of lithium-ion batteries,major industry sectors such as the automotive,renewable energy,manufacturing,construction,and even some in the mining industry have brought forward the mass transition from fossil fuel dependency to electric powered machinery and redefned the world of energy storage.Hence,the functional safety considerations,which are those relating to automatic protection,in battery management for battery pack technologies are particularly important to ensure that the overall electrical system,regardless of whether it is for electric transportation or stationary energy storage,is in accordance with high standards of safety,reliability,and quality.If the system or product fails to meet functional and other safety requirements on account of faulty design or a sequence of failure events,then the environment,people,and property could be endangered.This paper analyzed the details of BMS for electric transportation and large-scale energy storage systems,particularly in areas concerned with hazardous environment.The analysis covers the aspect of functional safety that applies to BMS and is in accordance with the relevant industrial standards.A comprehensive evaluation of the components,architecture,risk reduction techniques,and failure mode analysis applicable to BMS operation was also presented.The article further provided recommendations on safety design and performance optimization in relation to the overall BMS integration.
基金Sponsored by Research Fund of Binzhou College(BZXYG1817)Ph.D. Startup Funding Project of Binzhou College(2016Y33)Experimental Technology Funding Project of Binzhou College(BZXYSYXM201816)
文摘In this paper, the status quo of safety production on construction sites and the hazardous and harmful factors in the construction process were analyzed, and corresponding suggestions were proposed to make up for the shortcomings of the safety production assurance system standards on construction sites.
文摘为探究不同模态转换下任务切换对监控人员警觉度衰减现象的影响,采用脑电实验法,设计了危险动作识别、危险场景识别等任务,并结合行为数据及事件相关电位(Event Related Potential,ERP)技术进行综合分析;实验重点考察在任务切换过程中,不同模态的任务之间进行切换对监控人员警觉度的具体影响;通过对煤矿监控调度人员的实证研究,揭示了切换任务的模态差异性对监控员警觉度的影响及其内在机制。结果表明:当在相同刺激任务间进行切换时带来的工作绩效下降,主要原因在于任务切换产生的切换成本导致注意力分散,具体体现在任务切换后P300和P200平均波幅的升高;但是在不同刺激任务间进行切换时,尤其是切换到听觉刺激任务时,被试者的警觉度水平反而得到了一定程度的提升。
文摘随着经济的发展和社会的进步,快节奏的生活方式使得预制菜食品受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。近年来,预制菜行业发展迅速,并保持高速增长态势,发展潜力巨大,但也凸显出一些问题。本文对预制菜产业发展现状进行论述,探讨预制菜发展前景,并对消费者普遍关注的预制菜食品标准问题和安全问题进行全面分析。结合预制菜行业发展实际情况,提出逐步建立健全标准体系、在生产过程中实施危害分析和关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points,HACCP)食品安全控制体系建议,旨在提升预制菜食品生产企业的安全风险控制管理水平、预制菜食品质量水平以及预制菜食品安全控制水平,为广大消费者提供方便、快捷、安全的预制菜食品,为预制菜产业的市场监管及健康发展奠定基础。
文摘随着食品安全问题日益受到重视,危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系作为保障食品安全的重要手段,其有效实施与监控显得尤为重要。基于此,本文阐述了HACCP体系的内涵,分析了HACCP体系有效实施的路径,包括建立前提条件、确定关键控制点、设立监控程序等。同时,分析了HACCP体系在实施监控中存在的问题,如企业重视程度不足、监控手段落后等,并针对这些问题提出了相应的改进建议,旨在为食品企业和监管部门提供一些参考和借鉴,促进食品安全管理水平的提升。
文摘危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系是一种先进的食品安全管理体系,目前在中小学和幼儿园食堂中应用较少。本文对校园食堂食品加工流程进行危害分析,确定关键控制点和关键限制,并建立HACCP计划表和操作性前提方案(Operational Prerequisite Program,OPRP)控制计划,为HACCP体系在中小学和幼儿园食堂中的应用提供理论参考。