Pyrophyllite (H2Al2,Si4 O22, ) dust (P-dust) is a mixture of silica (10-40% ), differentproportions of a luminium oxide (Al2O3 ), and various metal compounds. People with occupa-tions known to be associated with expos...Pyrophyllite (H2Al2,Si4 O22, ) dust (P-dust) is a mixture of silica (10-40% ), differentproportions of a luminium oxide (Al2O3 ), and various metal compounds. People with occupa-tions known to be associated with exposure to P-dust include miners, other industrial workersand persons engaged in artistic carving. Currently, little is known about pyrophyllite pneumo-coniosis from P-dust. This study was designed to investigate the hazardous effects of P-dustand to suggest a maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of the dust.This.study included four parts: (i) Occupational epidemiology surveys in 781 workersfrom 1 pyrophyllite mine (PM) and four pyrophyllite carving mills (PCM), with a registra-tion rate of 98 %. (ii) In vitro studies: Six groups of rats were expeed to different levels ofP-dust; the cytotoxicity of P-dust on rat alveolar macrophages (AM) was investigated by de-termining the potassium'content of AM and the activity levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)in AM culture fluid. (iii) Mineralogical analysis of P-dust: The contents of silica (SiO2 ), alu-minium (Al), ferrum (Fe), niikel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in hath PM-dust andPCMdust were determined. (iv ) Determination of P-dust MAC: Using the life-talbemethod, an investigation of the hygiene standard of P-dust was carried out in 625 workers ex-POSed to either PM-dust or PCM-dust, uPon whom routine radiographs were Performed.The results suggest that the risk of developing pneumoconiosis from pyrophyllite dust issignificantly higher for PM workers than for PCM workers. The prevalence rate of PCM-dustpneumoconiosis is significantly higher in men than in women. The content of SiO2 and AlO3in the mixture of P-dust is the most important factor in the etiology of pyrophyllitosis. De-pending on the different P-dust MAC values, we suggest that 2 rng/m3 and 4 mg/m' shouldbe considered as the MAC for PM-dust and PCM-dust, respectively, and 3 mg/m' fOr P-dust. We believe that establishing different hygiene standards is more accurate even thoughworkers are exposured to the 'same' dust展开更多
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection may have harmful effects on expectant moms,labor,and newborns born to infected mothers.There is a risk of the initiation of pregnancy with infection...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection may have harmful effects on expectant moms,labor,and newborns born to infected mothers.There is a risk of the initiation of pregnancy with infection.Even if the gametes are non-infected,pregnancies could be exposed later for infection by coronavirus.Investigations of COVID-19 during pregnancy highlighted the non-transmission or surprising transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to the offspring.However,other studies have exhibited the potential mother-to-fetus transmission.In this way,unanswered concerns about SARS-CoV-2 fetal transmission and the particular interface(s)controlling its pathogenesis throughout pregnancy persist.This review focuses on the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 on vertical transmission,as well as the influence of the virus on pregnancy and placenta.展开更多
Plants are vital to the survival of life on e arth and have enormous implications for both the environment and human well-being.Plants carr y both medicinal and toxic properties.The plants were used by people traditio...Plants are vital to the survival of life on e arth and have enormous implications for both the environment and human well-being.Plants carr y both medicinal and toxic properties.The plants were used by people traditionally for medicinal purposes.But people were not aware of the concentration of the dose s.So,excessive quantity of dose s may lead to severe toxic effects on the human body.This topic discusses the potential hazards of toxic plants on human health.There are many plants around the world that can cause adverse effects,ranging from mild irritation to severe organ damage or death.This review focuses on the plants which are available locally used as medicines carrying toxic properties too.It is essential to learn to recognize them and avoid touching or ingesting them.If exposure does occur,prompt medical attention is necessary.Understanding the risks associated with toxic plants can help individuals take the necessary precautions to protect their health.展开更多
文摘Pyrophyllite (H2Al2,Si4 O22, ) dust (P-dust) is a mixture of silica (10-40% ), differentproportions of a luminium oxide (Al2O3 ), and various metal compounds. People with occupa-tions known to be associated with exposure to P-dust include miners, other industrial workersand persons engaged in artistic carving. Currently, little is known about pyrophyllite pneumo-coniosis from P-dust. This study was designed to investigate the hazardous effects of P-dustand to suggest a maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of the dust.This.study included four parts: (i) Occupational epidemiology surveys in 781 workersfrom 1 pyrophyllite mine (PM) and four pyrophyllite carving mills (PCM), with a registra-tion rate of 98 %. (ii) In vitro studies: Six groups of rats were expeed to different levels ofP-dust; the cytotoxicity of P-dust on rat alveolar macrophages (AM) was investigated by de-termining the potassium'content of AM and the activity levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)in AM culture fluid. (iii) Mineralogical analysis of P-dust: The contents of silica (SiO2 ), alu-minium (Al), ferrum (Fe), niikel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in hath PM-dust andPCMdust were determined. (iv ) Determination of P-dust MAC: Using the life-talbemethod, an investigation of the hygiene standard of P-dust was carried out in 625 workers ex-POSed to either PM-dust or PCM-dust, uPon whom routine radiographs were Performed.The results suggest that the risk of developing pneumoconiosis from pyrophyllite dust issignificantly higher for PM workers than for PCM workers. The prevalence rate of PCM-dustpneumoconiosis is significantly higher in men than in women. The content of SiO2 and AlO3in the mixture of P-dust is the most important factor in the etiology of pyrophyllitosis. De-pending on the different P-dust MAC values, we suggest that 2 rng/m3 and 4 mg/m' shouldbe considered as the MAC for PM-dust and PCM-dust, respectively, and 3 mg/m' fOr P-dust. We believe that establishing different hygiene standards is more accurate even thoughworkers are exposured to the 'same' dust
文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection may have harmful effects on expectant moms,labor,and newborns born to infected mothers.There is a risk of the initiation of pregnancy with infection.Even if the gametes are non-infected,pregnancies could be exposed later for infection by coronavirus.Investigations of COVID-19 during pregnancy highlighted the non-transmission or surprising transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to the offspring.However,other studies have exhibited the potential mother-to-fetus transmission.In this way,unanswered concerns about SARS-CoV-2 fetal transmission and the particular interface(s)controlling its pathogenesis throughout pregnancy persist.This review focuses on the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 on vertical transmission,as well as the influence of the virus on pregnancy and placenta.
文摘Plants are vital to the survival of life on e arth and have enormous implications for both the environment and human well-being.Plants carr y both medicinal and toxic properties.The plants were used by people traditionally for medicinal purposes.But people were not aware of the concentration of the dose s.So,excessive quantity of dose s may lead to severe toxic effects on the human body.This topic discusses the potential hazards of toxic plants on human health.There are many plants around the world that can cause adverse effects,ranging from mild irritation to severe organ damage or death.This review focuses on the plants which are available locally used as medicines carrying toxic properties too.It is essential to learn to recognize them and avoid touching or ingesting them.If exposure does occur,prompt medical attention is necessary.Understanding the risks associated with toxic plants can help individuals take the necessary precautions to protect their health.
