Objective: To analyze the features of coverage of femoral head at weight-bearing interface of the hip joints in children. Material and Methods: MRI scans of the hips were performed in 95 normal children aged from 1 to...Objective: To analyze the features of coverage of femoral head at weight-bearing interface of the hip joints in children. Material and Methods: MRI scans of the hips were performed in 95 normal children aged from 1 to 8 years. Radial scans of the hip joints were performed using FFE sequence. Review the morphological features of weight-bearing interface of the acetabulum and the femoral head. Total covering angle (TCA), acetabular covering angle (ACA) and labral covering angle (LCA) were measured, inter-group comparison and correlation analysis were done. Result: The acetabulum and the femoral head had congruent articulating surface at each weight-bearing position. There was no statistical TCA difference at each position. Average ACA increased, while average LCA decreased from anterior to posterior. TCA correlated with LCA, ACA negatively correlated with LCA. Conclusion: TCA is a good index in indicating stability of the hip joint. Cartilage ossifies slower at posterior than anterior positions. Cartilage acetabulum and the labrum serve as complementary structures that contribute in total stabilizing of the hip joint in development.展开更多
目的探讨骨坏死康复丸治疗激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SONFH)的主要药理学基础和作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Dat...目的探讨骨坏死康复丸治疗激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SONFH)的主要药理学基础和作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)等数据库对骨坏死康复丸的有效成分和靶点进行筛选。基于人类在线孟德尔遗传数据库(Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,OMIM)和GeneCards数据库筛选SONFH的靶点。采用加权基因共表达网络分析(Weighted gene co-expression network analysis,WGCNA)对SONFH基因模块和枢纽基因进行鉴定。取三者的交集,获得骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的潜在靶点,并利用Cytoscape软件构建的“活性成分-靶点”网络筛选关键活性成分;然后,利用STRING数据库构建蛋白相互作用网络,筛选关键靶点。进行基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)信号通路富集分析,探索“关键活性成分-关键靶点-关键信号通路”之间的关系。最后,进行了关键活性成分与关键靶点的分子对接,并使用SONFH大鼠模型进行实验验证。结果得到骨坏死康复丸的146个化合物和相应的346个靶点,获得了4187个SONFH靶点。此外,基于WGCNA筛选出SONFH的12个基因模块和2556个枢纽基因,得到槲皮素、木犀草素和山柰酚是骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的关键活性成分,涉及PI3K/AKT等多条信号通路。分子对接显示关键活性成分与关键靶点之间存在较好的结合活性。动物实验结果证明骨坏死康复丸可通过上调AKT1、PI3K、RUNX2,下调Caspase-3和IL-6的表达改善骨生物学改变(P<0.01),验证了网络药理学部分预测结果。结论通过网络药理学和动物实验分析了骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的潜在作用机制,可为进一步研究其药理基础和靶点提供参考。展开更多
针对钢轨表面缺陷检测效率较低及抗干扰能力较差的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv5的钢轨表面缺陷检测算法.首先,采用图像增强操作对采集到的钢轨表面图像进行预处理,减轻高光、异物等噪声对检测效果的影响.其次,将多头自注意力层嵌入YOLOv...针对钢轨表面缺陷检测效率较低及抗干扰能力较差的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv5的钢轨表面缺陷检测算法.首先,采用图像增强操作对采集到的钢轨表面图像进行预处理,减轻高光、异物等噪声对检测效果的影响.其次,将多头自注意力层嵌入YOLOv5骨干网络末端,并为缺陷特征引入全局依赖关系,提升模型对密集缺陷的检测效果.最后,构建跨层加权级联结构,将浅层信息融入到深层网络中,使网络对缺陷边界的回归更为精准.实验结果表明:本文的钢轨表面缺陷检测算法对裂纹、剥落、磨损3类表面缺陷检测的平均精度均值达到98.2%,每秒帧数(Frames Per Second,FPS)达到77帧/s,能够在不同的环境条件中实现对缺陷的精准检测,比其他某些同类算法拥有更高的鲁棒性、准确性和实时性.展开更多
文摘Objective: To analyze the features of coverage of femoral head at weight-bearing interface of the hip joints in children. Material and Methods: MRI scans of the hips were performed in 95 normal children aged from 1 to 8 years. Radial scans of the hip joints were performed using FFE sequence. Review the morphological features of weight-bearing interface of the acetabulum and the femoral head. Total covering angle (TCA), acetabular covering angle (ACA) and labral covering angle (LCA) were measured, inter-group comparison and correlation analysis were done. Result: The acetabulum and the femoral head had congruent articulating surface at each weight-bearing position. There was no statistical TCA difference at each position. Average ACA increased, while average LCA decreased from anterior to posterior. TCA correlated with LCA, ACA negatively correlated with LCA. Conclusion: TCA is a good index in indicating stability of the hip joint. Cartilage ossifies slower at posterior than anterior positions. Cartilage acetabulum and the labrum serve as complementary structures that contribute in total stabilizing of the hip joint in development.
文摘目的探讨骨坏死康复丸治疗激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SONFH)的主要药理学基础和作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)等数据库对骨坏死康复丸的有效成分和靶点进行筛选。基于人类在线孟德尔遗传数据库(Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,OMIM)和GeneCards数据库筛选SONFH的靶点。采用加权基因共表达网络分析(Weighted gene co-expression network analysis,WGCNA)对SONFH基因模块和枢纽基因进行鉴定。取三者的交集,获得骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的潜在靶点,并利用Cytoscape软件构建的“活性成分-靶点”网络筛选关键活性成分;然后,利用STRING数据库构建蛋白相互作用网络,筛选关键靶点。进行基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)信号通路富集分析,探索“关键活性成分-关键靶点-关键信号通路”之间的关系。最后,进行了关键活性成分与关键靶点的分子对接,并使用SONFH大鼠模型进行实验验证。结果得到骨坏死康复丸的146个化合物和相应的346个靶点,获得了4187个SONFH靶点。此外,基于WGCNA筛选出SONFH的12个基因模块和2556个枢纽基因,得到槲皮素、木犀草素和山柰酚是骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的关键活性成分,涉及PI3K/AKT等多条信号通路。分子对接显示关键活性成分与关键靶点之间存在较好的结合活性。动物实验结果证明骨坏死康复丸可通过上调AKT1、PI3K、RUNX2,下调Caspase-3和IL-6的表达改善骨生物学改变(P<0.01),验证了网络药理学部分预测结果。结论通过网络药理学和动物实验分析了骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的潜在作用机制,可为进一步研究其药理基础和靶点提供参考。
文摘针对钢轨表面缺陷检测效率较低及抗干扰能力较差的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv5的钢轨表面缺陷检测算法.首先,采用图像增强操作对采集到的钢轨表面图像进行预处理,减轻高光、异物等噪声对检测效果的影响.其次,将多头自注意力层嵌入YOLOv5骨干网络末端,并为缺陷特征引入全局依赖关系,提升模型对密集缺陷的检测效果.最后,构建跨层加权级联结构,将浅层信息融入到深层网络中,使网络对缺陷边界的回归更为精准.实验结果表明:本文的钢轨表面缺陷检测算法对裂纹、剥落、磨损3类表面缺陷检测的平均精度均值达到98.2%,每秒帧数(Frames Per Second,FPS)达到77帧/s,能够在不同的环境条件中实现对缺陷的精准检测,比其他某些同类算法拥有更高的鲁棒性、准确性和实时性.
