2022年四川泸定 M_(s)6.8地震强震动特性研究

北京时间2022年9月5日12时52分,四川省甘孜州泸定县发生M_(s)6.8级地震。国家强震动台网获得了133组三分量加速度记录,在对记录进行初步筛选和滤波后,研究了PGA和PGV衰减关系、竖向地震动特点、地震动速度脉冲,对比分析了反应谱和设计谱,着重对石棉挖角台站附近震害与地震动的相关性进行了分析,结论如下:1)三种台站强震动记录的PGA和PGV拟合曲线都比较相近,PGA、PGV拟合曲线与霍俊荣的预测模型较为接近;2)竖向地震动偏大,约38.2%的强震动记录V/H大于2/3,可能是屋顶塌落、柱子扭转和天花板坠落等震害现象出现的主要原因;3)识别出具有速度脉冲特性的记录11条,该类记录对长周期结构影响较大;4)所选记录反应谱大多超过了罕遇地震设计谱水平段,具有速度脉冲特性的051SMW台站周围房屋破坏较严重,人员伤亡较重。

Government's Responsibility for Control of Agricultural Environmental Pollution in China

In this paper,the current situation of agricultural environmental pollution caused by the increase of chemicals input in agriculture in China was analyzed,and it is found that agricultural pollution is related to agricultural industrial policies,urban-rural economic structure,funds input in pollution control,comprehensive environmental management,laws of pollution control,and so forth. To control agricultural pollution effectively,it is needed to implement integration of agricultural and environmental policies,establish environmentally friendly agricultural technology popularizing system,implement integrated planning and management of a basin,and set up and improve legislation to protect agricultural environment.

Quantum Mechanics: Harmonic Wave-Packets, Localized by Resonant Response in Dispersion Dynamics

From a combination of Maxwell’s electromagnetism with Planck’s law and the de Broglie hypothesis, we arrive at quantized photonic wave groups whose constant phase velocity is equal to the speed of light c = ω/k and to their group velocity dω/dk. When we include special relativity expressed in simplest units, we find that, for particulate matter, the square of rest mass , i.e., angular frequency squared minus wave vector squared. This equation separates into a conservative part and a uniform responsive part. A wave function is derived in manifold rank 4, and from it are derived uncertainties and internal motion. The function solves four anomalies in quantum physics: the point particle with prescribed uncertainties;spooky action at a distance;time dependence that is consistent with the uncertainties;and resonant reduction of the wave packet by localization during measurement. A comparison between contradictory mathematical and physical theories leads to similar empirical conclusions because probability amplitudes express hidden variables. The comparison supplies orthodox postulates that are compared to physical principles that formalize the difference. The method is verified by dual harmonics found in quantized quasi-Bloch waves, where the quantum is physical;not axiomatic.

Treat to target in Crohn’s disease:A practical guide for clinicians

A treat-to-target(T2T)approach applies the principles of early intervention and tight disease control to optimise long-term outcomes in Crohn's disease.The Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease(STRIDE)-II guidelines specify short,intermediate,and long-term treatment goals,documenting specific treatment targets to be achieved at each of these timepoints.Scheduled appraisal of Crohn’s disease activity against pre-defined treatment targets at these timepoints remains central to determining whether current therapy should be continued or modified.Consensus treatment targets in Crohn’s disease comprise combination clinical and patient-reported outcome remission,in conjunction with biomarker normalisation and endoscopic healing.Although the STRIDE-II guidelines endorse the pursuit of endoscopic healing,clinicians must consider that this may not always be appropriate,acceptable,or achievable in all patients.This underscores the need to engage patients at the outset in an effort to personalise care and individualise treatment targets.The use of non-invasive biomarkers such as faecal calprotectin in conjunction with cross-sectional imaging techniques,particularly intestinal ultrasound,holds great promise;as do emerging treatment targets such as transmural healing.Two randomised clinical trials,namely,CALM and STARDUST,have evaluated the efficacy of a T2T approach in achieving endoscopic endpoints in patients with Crohn’s disease.Findings from these studies reflect that patient subgroups and Crohn’s disease characteristics likely to benefit most from a T2T approach,remain to be clarified.Moreover,outside of clinical trials,data pertaining to the real-world effectiveness of a T2T approach remains scare,highlighting the need for pragmatic real-world studies.Despite the obvious promise of a T2T approach,a lack of guidance to support its integration into real-world clinical practice has the potential to limit its uptake.This highlights the need to describe strategies,processes,and models of care capable of supporting the integration and execution of a T2T approach in real-world clinical practice.Hence,this review seeks to examine the current and emerging literature to provide clinicians with practical guidance on how to incorporate the principles of T2T into routine clinical practice for the management of Crohn’s disease.

On the Government's Responsibility in China's Rural Land Transfer

There is an urgent need for China's rural land transfer in order to develop modern agriculture,ensure food security,transfer rural population,and accelerate industrialization and urbanization.At present,there is still disordered transfer of rural land in China,making the interests of the transferors and transferees difficult to be effectively guaranteed;there is inefficient transfer,leading to decline in actual agricultural production level after transfer;there is jobless transfer,leading to difficult placement for rural surplus labor after transfer,seriously restricting rural land transfer.Therefore,the Chinese government's legal responsibility,economic responsibility and social responsibility in rural land transfer should be further strengthened.

2022年四川泸定M_(S)6.8地震强震动记录特征

对地震监测台网获取的2022年四川泸定M_(S)6.8地震的1799组强震动记录进行处理后计算地震动参数,利用克里金插值方法得到峰值加速度PGA、峰值速度PGV和加速度反应谱的空间分布图。结果表明:基准站、基本站和一般站记录到的地震动峰值依次增大,反映出局部地形和场地条件对地震动的放大作用。高烈度区仪器地震烈度和调查地震烈度较为一致,Ⅵ度以下区域仪器地震烈度和调查地震烈度等值线方向差异较大,反映出在震害不显著情况下两种烈度的对应关系不太理想。初步震相分析发现,近断层台站垂直方向峰值较大,多个台站记录到水平向速度大脉冲现象。基于基岩地震动峰值统计了本次地震的衰减特性,PGV随距离衰减相比中国地震动参数区划图更慢,综合震相特征认为本次地震更符合浅源地震的特点。为进一步分析地震动与震害的关系,选取了2个震害较为严重乡镇的强震动记录计算5%阻尼比的拟加速度反应谱,在设计地震反应谱特征周期T g取值到1.5 s之间,台站记录反应谱值远超出设计地震反应谱,在部分周期区间还超出了罕遇地震设计反应谱值,体现出反应谱与震害较好的相关性。

基于IMO分级的MASS岸基操控人员法律地位探析

随着AI技术的发展,人工智能与传统设备的结合已深刻改变了人类的生产生活。MASS(Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships)全称为海上自主水面船舶,其作为人工智能的产物,代表着未来船舶的发展趋势,也推动MASS岸基操控人员这一新兴海事主体的产生。“自动化”并不意味着在MASS的操作过程中完全消除人员因素的干扰,在IMO所定义的MASS发展四阶段中,人在循环中的角色是不断变化的,其职能、责任、法律地位均有所不同,关于岸基操控人员法律地位的认定,具有基础性和高度优先性。L1级别MASS无需岸基操控人员;L2级别MASS岸基操控人员可视作L3级别岸基操控人员的实习或见习期;L3级别岸基操控人员可视为船长或“外部船长”;L4级别MASS系统的优先程度高于人,岸基操控人员仅具有“监督”与作出“降级”决定的职责,不排除其成为新兴海事主体的可能性。

FT3、FT4、FT3/FT4、TSH与克罗恩病维得利珠单抗治疗后临床活动度变化关系的研究

目的:探究血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)、FT3/FT4、促甲状腺激素(TSH)对克罗恩病(CD)患者维得利珠单抗(VDZ)治疗后临床应答的预测价值。方法:纳入2020年5月至2022年5月我院接受VDZ治疗且疗程超过3个月的CD患者54例,对照组89例。收集对照组及CD患者使用VDZ治疗前、治疗3个月后FT3、FT4、FT3/FT4、TSH等甲状腺功能指标数据,用CD活动指数(CDAI)评估CD疾病活动度。比较CD患者与对照组甲状腺功能指标差异。根据VDZ治疗前后CDAI差值(ΔCDAI)是否≥100分分为应答组及无应答组,比较两组患者VDZ治疗前后甲状腺功能指标变化及其差值(ΔFT3、ΔFT4、ΔFT3/FT4、ΔTSH)与ΔCDAI相关性;用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析上述差值对VDZ临床应答的预测价值。结果:CD患者治疗前FT3、FT3/FT4低于对照组(P<0.05);VDZ治疗3个月后FT3、FT3/FT4较前提高,FT4降低(P<0.05)。应答组FT3、FT4、FT3/FT4、CDAI在VDZ治疗前后自身比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。VDZ治疗前后ΔFT3、ΔFT3/FT4与ΔCDAI间呈负相关(P<0.05),ΔFT4、ΔTSH与ΔCDAI无直线相关关系(P>0.05)。ΔFT3、ΔFT3/FT4预测VDZ治疗临床应答潜能的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.837、0.827,灵敏度为82.9%、80.5%,特异度均为81.8%。结论:血清游离甲状腺功能指标变化尤其是FT3、FT3/FT4变化与CD患者VDZ治疗后临床活动指数变化呈负相关,并对其临床应答有一定预测价值。

基于B/S架构的医疗器械灭菌自动化控制系统

为提升医疗器械灭菌自动化控制的稳定性及输出值的精度,设计基于B/S架构的医疗器械灭菌自动化控制系统。通过器械设备层采集器械、包装器械、敷料包类、橡胶类和液体类五种医疗器械的器械信息;灭菌服务层设计了由不同灭菌温度及时间设置成的五种灭菌模式;融合STC89C52单片机与模糊PID控制算法,中心服务层的服务器将灭菌服务层的灭菌控制结果存储并反馈到控制用户层,为用户查询、分析控制结果提供依据。实验结果显示,该系统的稳定性高,系统输出/执行值始终处于4%以内,输出值准确性较高,系统控制效果较好。

Determination of the Response Amplitude Operator(s) of an FPSO

The driving necessities of cost reduction and the need to develop fields at ever increasing water depths have led to the use of floating structures. Among these structures are the Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) units whose motion analysis is considered in this paper. In actual environmental condition, it is required to accurately determine or predict large amplitude motion of the FPSO before any offshore operation. This paper seeks to present a detailed method of computing the Response Amplitude Operator(s) (RAOs) for the six (6) degrees of freedom using ANSYS AQWA. The results indicate for Heave motion a tendency for the heave peak value to move slightly higher dimensionless encounter-frequency as the wave moves from Head sea to Beam sea direction. A MATLAB source code was developed to validate the result for heave motion at head sea. Although a small difference in predicted heave motion occurred, it is pertinent to note that the comparisons between results generated in the MATLAB program and ANSYS AQWA demonstrate generally good agreement, and the roll response of the FPSO is noted to be critical.

Approximate analytical solutions and experimental analysis for transient response of constrained damping cantilever beam

Vibration mode of the constrained damping cantilever is built up according to the mode superposition of the elastic cantilever beam.The control equation of the constrained damping cantilever beam is then derived using Lagrange's equation.Dynamic response of the constrained damping cantilever beam is obtained according to the principle of virtual work,when the concentrated force is suddenly unloaded.Frequencies and transient response of a series of constrained damping cantilever beams are calculated and tested.Influence of parameters of the damping layer on the response time is analyzed.Analyitcal and experimental approaches are used for verification.The results show that the method is reliable.

Dynamic response of electromagnetic launcher's rail subjected to harmonic magnetic pressure

In order to extend the rail life and improve the firing accuracy,the electromagnetic launcher's rail can be modeled as a beam on elastic foundation with simply supported beam with moving load.Euler beam theory is applied to build the mechanical model and the analytical solution of the equation subjected to harmonic magnetic pressure is derived in details,which has successfully avoided the errors caused by using the uniform pressure to approximately replace the variable force.Numerical analysis of the dynamic response on rail by using the MATLAB software shows that the peak values of maximal deflection and vibration velocity increase gradually as the exciting frequency increases.Taking the same speed of load into account,the dynamic response of rail is obviously smaller than that under constant force.Therefore the reliable theory basis is provided for the design and control of rail to promote the practical application of electromagnetic launcher.

Hydroelastic Response of VLFS with An Attached Submerged Horizontal Solid/Porous Plate Under Wave Action

The hydroelastic responses of a submerged horizontal solid/porous plate attached at the front of a very large rectangular floating structure(VLFS)under wave action has been investigated in the context of linear water wave theory.Darcy’s law is adopted to represent energy dissipation in pores.It is assumed that the porous plates are made of material with very fine pores so that the normal velocity across the perforated porous is linearly associated with the pressure drop.In the analytic method,the eigenfunction expansion-matching method(EEMM)for multiple domains is applied to solve the hydrodynamic problem and the elastic equation of motion is solved by the modal expansion method.The performance of the proposed submerged horizontal solid/porous plate can be significantly enhanced by selecting optimal design parameters,such as plate length,horizontal position,submerged depth and porosity.It is concluded that good damping effect can be achieved through installation of solid and porous plate.Porous plate has better damping effect at low frequencies,while solid plate has better damping effect at high frequencies.The optimal ratio of plate length to water depth is 0.25-0.375,and the optimal ratio of submerged depth to water depth is 0.09-0.181.

The Planet’s Response to Human Activity. Thermodynamic Approach

The applicability of the laws of thermodynamics to processes on Earth is discussed and it is shown that the chemical thermodynamics provides the reasonable basis for predicting probable changes. The historical evolution of the planet is considered in the framework of the Harari approach;a civilization’s level is estimated by the Kardashev scale based on the amount of energy it is able to use. During a short historical interval (≈500 years), when the effect of biological evolution is imperceptible and the main changes on the planet are caused by human activity, two systems are considered: 1) a nonequilibrium inhabited planet and 2) a quasi-equilibrium hypothetical planet without people, which is accepted as a comparison system. It is shown that in response to the energy impact, the equilibrium of the hypothetical system with the primordial nature is disturbed and processes are initiated aimed to prevent further growth of energy production. In the case of a real planet, this implements changes preventing the uncontrolled activities of humans—the energy producers. Climate change, an increase in the number of natural disasters and epidemics can be recognized as a direct response of the planet, while changes in socio-economic relations, morality, demographic situation, new threats etc. can be considered as an indirect reaction to changing conditions of human beings. The latter results from the mutual correlation between the progress of society, on the one hand, and humanitarian and political processes, on the other. The role of renewable and non-renewable energy sources in evolution is taken into account. Obviously, it is better to take meaningful measures to achieve an acceptable balance now than to wait for the blind and extremely painful action of the laws of nature, which would lead to a reduction in the population.

加权泰森多边形在2021年云南漾濞M_(S)6.4地震后应急避险安置点责任区划分的应用

以2021年云南漾濞M_(S)6.4地震为例,综合考虑震后安置点容量和居民点实际情况,利用无人机航拍影像,通过人工矢量化、空间插值、震害识别、创建缓冲区等预处理,获得基于建筑物的漾濞县城震后应急避险安置点容量、建筑物破坏程度、交通便捷度和人口分布4个影响因素精细化数据。以影响因素为权重因子,使用加权泰森多边形法对研究区应急避险安置点进行责任区划分。结果表明:责任区失去住所人数均未超出对应安置点容量,位于老城区责任区的安置点服务压力较大,新城区责任区的安置点服务压力较小。

Association of rs1568885, rs1813443 and rs4411591 polymorphisms with anti-TNF medication response in Greek patients with Crohn's disease

AIM:To investigate the correlation between rs1568885,rs1813443 and rs4411591 polymorphisms and response to infliximab in a cohort of Greek patients with Crohn’s disease(CD).METHODS:One hundred and twenty-six patients diagnosed with CD based on standard clinical,endoscopic,radiological,and pathological criteria were enrolled in this study at the Gastroenterology Unit of the 2nd Department of Surgery and at the Colorectal Unit of the1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery.Infliximab at a dose of 5 mg/kg was administered intravenously at weeks 0,2,6 and then every 8 wk.Clinical and serological responses were assessed using the HarveyBradshaw Index and serum C-reactive protein(CRP)levels,respectively,and the endoscopic response was evaluated by ileocolonoscopy performed at baseline and after 12-20 wk of therapy.The changes in endoscopic appearance compared to baseline were classified into four categories,and patients were classified as responders and non-responders.Genomic DNA from whole peripheral blood was extracted and genotyping was performed by allele-specific polymerase chain reactions.χ2test with Yate’s correction based on the S-Plus was used to compare the genotype frequencies.RESULTS:Eighty patients(63.49%)were classified as complete and 32(25.39%)as partial responders to infliximab,while 14(11.11%)were primary non-responders.No correlation was found between response to infliximab and patients’characteristics such as age,gender and disease duration.There was consistency between Harvey-Bradshaw index scores and serum CRP levels.The TT genotype of the rs1568885 polymorphism was significantly related to partial response(P=0.024)and resistance to infliximab(P=0.007)while the AT genotype was more frequent in partial responders(P=0.035)and in primary non-responders(P=0.032).Regarding rs1813443,the CC genotype was found to be associated with partial response(P=0.005)and primary resistance(P=0.002)to infliximab while no association was found between the rs4411591 polymorphism and the clinical response to infliximab.CONCLUSION:Based on our results,the rs1568885and rs1813443 polymorphisms are associated with clinical and biochemical response to infliximab in Greek patients with Crohn’s disease.

Biochemical responses of freshwater fish Carassius auratus to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides

The freshwater fish Carassius auratus was chosen as an experimental subject, and their hepatic biochemical responses to the medium-term exposure of Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) alone and in combination with PCB118 and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were investigated by measuring the reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), to assess sublethal effects. The hepatic GSH content was significantly inhibited by organic pollutants, alone and in mixtures, while the TBARS content was significantly induced after three days of exposure. Bell-shaped concentration-response charts of GST activities were obtained. Significant dose-response relationships were found for hepatic GSH and TBARS contents of all concentrations and for the GST activity, except at the highest concentration. The GSH content, GST activity, and TBARS content in Carassius auratus were confirmed as useful biomarkers of exposure to organic pollutions.

Inactivated Pseudomonas PE(△Ⅲ)exotoxin fused to neutralizing epitopes of PEDV S proteins produces a specific immune response in mice

Porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED)caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),is a severe infectious and devastating swine disease that leads to serious economic losses in the swine industry worldwide.An increased number of PED cases caused by variant PEDV have been reported in many countries since 2010.S protein is the main immunogenic protein containing some B-cell epitopes that can induce neutralizing antibodies of PEDV.In this study,the construction,expression and purification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A(PE)without domain Ⅲ(PE△Ⅲ)as a vector was performed for the delivery of PEDV S-A or S-B.PE(△Ⅲ)PEDV S-A and PE(△Ⅲ)PEDV S-B recombinant proteins were confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis.The immunogenicity of PEDV S-A and PEDV S-B subunit vaccines were evaluated in mice.The results showed that PEDV-S-B vaccine could not only induce specific humoral and Th1 type-dominant cellular immune responses,but also stimulate PEDV-specific mucosal immune responses in mice.PEDV-S-B subunit vaccine is a novel candidate mucosal vaccine against PEDV infection.

A METROD PREDICTING RESPONSE OF SEDIMENT YIELD TO POSSIBIE CHANGE OF PRECIPITATION DUE TO GLOBAL GREENHOUSE WARMING:AN EXAMPIE FROM NORTH FRINGE OF THE LOESS PLATEAU, CHINA

Starting from the supposition of time-space substitution, the Langbein-Schumm’s Law was applied to deal with response of fluvial erosion System to the changes in mean annual Precipitation induced by global green-house warming. As a result, a simple method was put forward to predict change in sediment yield, with Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the northern fringe of the Loess Plateau of China as an example. Results show that, even the change in mean annual precipitation is the same, the direction and magnitude of the resultant chang in sediment yteld would be quite different in fferent physico-geographical zones. When mean annual precipitation is increased, sediment yield in arid or semi-arid areas with a mean anntal Peripitation of less than 400 mm will be increased, while sediment yield in sub-humid or humid areas with a mean annual precipitation of more than 400 mm will be decreased.Additionally, the complex response of fluvial erosion system in time series due to the lag of change in vegetation behind the changn in precipitation has also been qualitatively discussed in this paper.

CHINA'S VEGETATION/ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE TO GLOBAL CHANGE: RESEARCH PROGRESS & PROSPECTS

This paper presents the latest developments in the re search progress on mechanisms by which natural plants and crops respond to the doubled concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, resultant climatic change and the modeling of vegetation and eco-systems in China. In addition, it points out that the future study on global change and terrestrial ecosystems should stress m(?)iti-disciplinary teamwork and inter-discipline penetration. Finally, the paper emphasizes 10 research realms in the field to be enhanced in the future.