Health Training Needs at Primary Care Level Health Facilities in Rural Western Uganda

Introduction: Continual education is recognized worldwide as a tool for the professional development of health care practitioners. It is however effective when the training targets the appropriate needs of the target beneficiaries. This study was therefore aimed at identifying priority training needs of Primary Care Level health professionals in rural Western Uganda. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey among 35 rural community health facilities represented by their managers in rural Western Uganda. Participants were invited to Mbarara University of Science and Technology and responded to a self-administered questionnaire and also participated in qualitative group discussions guided by Facilitators from the Community Based Education and Research Services unit within the Community Health Department of Mbarara University of Science and Technology. Priority health training needs were determined based on the computed weighted scores. Results: The majority of managers of rural primary care level health facilities were medical officers by the level of training (51.43%) and male by gender (68.57%). Priority health training needs identified were child health and maternal health with total weighted scores of 12.0 and 10.9 respectively. Qualitatively, emerging themes included;leadership and management, and supervisory roles during student field attachments. Conclusion: Priority health training needs at rural Primary Care level health facilities were child health, maternal health, leadership and management, and supervisory skills. There is dire need to train rural primary care level, health professionals. In-service training based on identified needs should be offered by MUST in partnership with regional stakeholders. This is likely to enhance the quality of services provided by rural primary care level health facilities.

Epidemiological Profile of Stress among Health Professionals in Northern Benin in 2021

Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of stress among health professionals in North Benin in 2021. Methods: It was a cross-sectional and descriptive study with health professionals in the Parakou-N’dali and Tchaourou health zones. These two areas have a population of 462,942 inhabitants served by two university hospitals, three area hospitals and 19 health centers. Sampling was exhaustive by free and informed consent. The data was collected through a questionnaire. Studied socio-professional characteristics and stress. The level of stress was assessed using the Karasek questionnaire. Results: Of 813 caregivers approached, 692 were investigated. The participation rate was 85.1%. The average age was 38 years old. Subjects aged 28 - 38 were more numerous, as were those aged between 1 and 10 years. The prevalence of stress was 73.8%. Its level was high at 17.8% and very high at 4.5%. Women were affected (76.6%) than men (70.7%). Within the professional category, midwives were the most affected (82.5%). Respondents from the denominational sector were 90.8% reached. Conclusion: Professional stress is endemic in health facilities in northern Benin, particularly faith-based ones. Action must be taken to reduce it.

Determining Requirements for an Optimal Ad-Hoc Multicast Protocol in Mobile Health Care Training Systems

Nowadays, Health Care Training-based System (HCTS) is a vital component in the education and training of health care in 3D Virtual Environment (VE). The practice of HCTS continues to grow at rapid pace throughout all of the healthcare disciplines, however research in this field is still in its early stage. Increasingly, decision makers and developers look forward to offer more sophisticated, much larger, and more complex HCTS to serve the desired outcome and improve the quality and safety of patient care. Due to the rapidly increasing usage of personal mobile devices and the need of executing HCTS applications in environments that have no previous network infrastructure available, Mobile Health Care Training-based System (MHCTS) is an expected future trend. In such systems, medical staff will share and collaborate in a 3D virtual environment through their mobile devices in an ad-hoc network (MANET) in order to accomplish specific missions’ typically surgical emergency room. Users are organized into various groups (Radiologists, Maternity departments, and General surgery etc...), and need to be managed by a multicast scheme to save network bandwidth and offer immersive sense. MHCTS is sensitive to networking issues, since interactive 3D graphics requires additional load due to the use of mobile devices. Therefore, we need to emphasize on the importance and the improvement of multicast techniques for the effectiveness of MHCTS and the management of collaborative group interaction. Research so far has devoted little attention to the network communication protocols design of such systems which is crucial to preserve the sense of immersion for participating users. In this paper, we investigate the effect of multicast routing protocol in advancing the field of Health care Training-based System to the benefit of patient’s safety, and health care professional. Also, we address the issue of selecting a multicast protocol to provide the best performance for a particular e-health system at any time. Previous work has demonstrated that multicast operates at least as efficiently as traditional MAODV. A comprehensive analysis about various ad-hoc multicast routing protocols is proposed. The selection key factors for the right protocol for MHCTS applications were safety and robustness. To the best of our knowledge, this work will be the first initiative involving systematic literature reviews to identify a research gate for the use of multicast protocol in health care simulation learning community.

Evaluation of Training Course Effects on Integrated Sexual and Reproductive Health Counseling

Objective To evaluate the training course effects on integrated sexual and reproductive health （SRH） counseling, so as to improve family planning providers＇ capacities of SRH counseling. Methods The SRH training course was conducted by using new curriculum and participatory training methods. The purpose was meeting the SRH needs of clients. Evaluations were done by pre- and post-training questionnaires to trainees. Results The average total scores of trainees were 54.9 before trained and 83.4 after trained respectively. As to trainees＇ self evaluation of the capacities, the capacity for comfortably discussing sexuality and related issues with clients increased from 9.9% to 90.7%, the capacity for helping clients to understand their sexual risk factors increased from 12.5% to 92.2%, the capacity for helping clients assessing their own needs for SRH services, information and emotional support increased from 16.0% to 87.8%, and the capacity for helping clients to develop negotiation and communication skills increased from 12.0% to 86. 0%. Conclusion The training course of integrated SRH counseling changed the traditional training types and services concept o f family planning service providers, and the trainees＇ capacities of implementing integrated SRH counseling also improved very much.

Effectiveness of a Training Program for Improving Public Health Nurses’ Attitudes and Confidence in Dealing with Men Who Have Sex with Men

Objective: This study examined the effect of an educational intervention on public health nurses’ attitudes and confidence in dealing with men who have sex with men (MSM). In Japan, HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact between men, and free HIV testing and counseling are provided by public health nurses. However, because of a lack of education, public health nurses do not often recognize the existence of MSM in daily life. Thus, improving public health nurses’ understanding of MSM is crucial. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design to examine public health nurses’ homophobia, confidence in dealing with MSM, and low awareness of MSM in daily life at pre-test, post-test, and 1 and 3 months follow-ups. The intervention comprised a 3-hour training session conducted between November 2012 and September 2013 in the Kinki region. Results: A total of 124 public health nurses participated in the training, 117 of which were allocated to the intervention group;182 public health nurses who did not participate in the training session were allocated to a control group. Homophobia scores had significantly decreased at post-test, and remained at that low level by the follow-up at 3 months (pre-test to post-test;p = 0.00, post-test to 1 month;p = 0.83, 1 month to 3 months;p = 0.64, pre-test to 3 months;p = 0.00). Confidence in dealing with MSM and recognition of MSM had significantly increased by post-test;these were also maintained by the follow-up at 3 months (pre-test to post-test;p = 0.0, post-test to 1month;p = 0.18, 1 to 3 months;p = 0.44, pre-test to 3 months;p = 0.0). Discussion: While the three-hour training session was short, it was effective for improving attitudes toward MSM and building confidence in dealing with them.

The Effect of Training and Consultancy on the Knowledge Level and Health Belief regarding the Cervical Cancer Screenings, and Participation in Screenings

Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of training and consultancy on women’s knowledge level and health belief regarding the cervical cancer screenings and their participation in screenings. Materials and Methods: The study is designed as pre-experiment with one group pretest-posttest. The sample group of the study consists of 66 women. The data were collected between March and June 2011. “Personal Information Form”, “Information Form of Cervical Cancer Screenings”, “Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test”, and “Assessment Form Concerning Taking the Pap Smear Test” were used to collect the data. Results: It was determined that at the end of all trainings, 45.5% of women took the relevant test. Among those who participated in the Pap Smear screening, the training and consultancy had an effect of 100%, booklets 100% and telephone calls 25%. The training and consultancy increased the perception of “benefit and motivation” regarding the Pap Smear test and Pap Smear decreased the perception of “barriers”. Regarding the cervical cancer, it decreased the perception of “regard/seriousness”, “susceptibility” and “health motivation”. Conclusions: It was concluded that training and consultancy change the health beliefs regarding cervical cancer screenings, increase the participation in screenings and consequently, contribute to early diagnosis.

The Effect of Life Skills Training on the Mental Health and Level of Resilience among Teachers of Normal Students and Teachers of Exceptional Students in Zahedan

This is an experimental study conducted on two groups of control and experimental using pretestposttest design, applying psychological intervention on the study sample. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of collective education life skills on mental health and resilience of teachers in Zahedan. The population of the study included all teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students in Zahedan, among which 60 teachers at normal schools and 20 teachers at exceptional schools were selected and placed in two groups of experimental and control, respectively. Initially, members of the experimental group were taught 10 basic life skills in 10 2-hour sessions. Mental health and resilience questionnaires were distributed and gathered before and after the training sessions. Results indicated the positive effect of life skills training on mental health of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the lower their mental health scores would be. Results also indicated the positive effect of life skills training on resilience of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the higher their resilience scores would be.

Resistance Training in People at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes and Their Experience of Health-Related Quality of Life

Background: Research indicates an association between impaired glucose metabolism and overweight, a serious public health problem involving an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, related hypertension, and a reduced quality of life. Aim: The first aim is to assess different dimensions of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in overweight individuals at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes compared to a normal population. The second aim is to examine the impact of resistance training on the pre-post HRQoL dimension scores of the intervention group. Methods: Eighteen participants were randomly assigned to one of the two resistance training groups. Group 1 engaged in supervised maximal resistance training (Bernstein inverted pyramid system: 5× 3 - 4, 60% - 85% of 1 Repetition Maximum (RM)), three days/week over four months, and Group 2 performed endurance resistance training (including lower weight loads and more repetitions over four months). The intervention consisted of eight exercises involving the entire body. The subjects completed the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) on HRQoL. The HRQoL scores of the norm population were higher than those of people at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, and resistance training seemed to have a limited significant positive effect on the different HRQoL dimensions.

军队院校“一专多能”人才培养模式的实践探索——以武警部队卫生警士培训为例

军队院校教育是我军人才培养的主渠道,新时代军事教育方针是做好军事教育工作的基本遵循。军队院校应顺应国防和军队体制改革的需求,发挥好培养部队人才的中坚作用。武警后勤学院全面贯彻新时代军事教育方针,在承担武警部队卫生警士职业技能培训任务过程中,积极探索构建向战为战“一专多能”人才培养模式的有效路径。通过科学安排培训内容、灵活采用多种教学方法,培养学员的专业能力、自我学习能力和解决实际问题能力,提高卫生警士的培训质量,为部队战斗力建设与生成提供重要支撑。

医护一体化模式对前庭外周性眩晕病人眩晕症状及负性情绪的影响

目的:探讨医护一体化模式对前庭外周性眩晕病人的眩晕症状、焦虑抑郁负性情绪的影响。方法:选取2022年10月—2023年3月某三级甲等医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科行住院治疗的前庭外周性眩晕病人120例,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组60例。对照组实施常规诊疗护理工作模式,试验组实施医护一体化模式,干预2周后观察两组病人的眩晕、平衡状况和焦虑、抑郁负性情绪。结果:干预后两组病人眩晕、平衡状况较干预前均有所改善,两组病人眩晕障碍量表评分、Berg平衡量表评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。负性情绪方面,干预后两组病人较干预前均有所改善,试验组更早缓解了病人焦虑、抑郁情绪(P<0.05)。两组病人负性情绪干预2周后与1周后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:将医护一体化模式应用于前庭外周性眩晕病人,能更早改善病人眩晕症状,缓解其负性情绪,加快病人康复。

成果导向理念下食品营养与健康专业虚拟仿真实训平台实践研究

在成果导向理念下,为了更好地培养学生的综合素养,教师需要更新教育模式,突破传统的教育教学方法,采用新型虚拟仿真实训平台。因此,本文就成果导向理念下营养与健康专业的虚拟仿真实训平台展开分析,旨在更好地锻炼学生的综合能力,提高学生的职业水平,促进学生得以全面发展。

护理应急队伍常态化培训的设计与实践

在全球突发公共卫生事件频发和国家卫生健康委要求加强卫生应急人才培养的背景下,浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院对护理应急队伍进行常态化培训。通过建立护理应急人才准入标准、模块化的培训内容、线上线下相结合的培训方式、综合性的考核,对230名队员进行首次8个月培训和后期2年的常态化培训及实践。2020年首次培训的队员考核成绩:传染病知识模块平均得分95.80分,医院感染管理模块平均得分98.30分,重症护理模块平均得分95.12分,急诊创伤护理模块平均得分95.02分,身心赋能模块平均得分92.45分,应急演练考核共完成12个学时,通过率100%;该护理应急队伍成为应对公共卫生突发事件院内外救援的“主力军”,也成为急诊群体事件应对的第一梯队成员。

安徽省某医学院校学生公共卫生认知与实践技能需求研究

目的:了解医学院校医学生对突发公共卫生事件的认知情况以及对于公共卫生实践技能的需求现状,为加强医学高校公共卫生实践技能教育提供依据。方法:通过自制突发公共卫生事件认知及实践技能需求问卷,采用简单随机抽样方法抽取安徽省某医学院校300名学生,借助问卷星进行调查。结果:突发公共卫生事件平均得分为(61.8±15.87)分,及格率62.3%,23.3%的学生参加过公共卫生实践技能培训,90.7%的学生认为有必要开展公共卫生实践技能培训。结论:医学院校学生突发公共卫生事件的认识情况一般,应对能力较差,培训的需求程度较高,可适当调整课程结构和内容,定期组织公共卫生实践活动,理论与实践并重,并结合线上线下多种形式,切实提高医学院校学生公共卫生实践的意识和能力。

专业人员进行功率负荷参数指导的运动健康干预方案的培训实践

目的:针对采用功率负荷参数开展运动健康干预指导活动的机构和人员,研制一套简便易行的培训方案。方法:总结本团队自身前期实施以功率负荷参数为指导的运动健康干预活动过程中,在培训机构选择、专业人员要求、授课形式、授课内容方面的经验和教训,结合主动健康、运动医学、临床医学理论等相关知识,得出具体培训方案。结果:形成了涵盖培训目的、培训阶段和方式及培训内容等方面的详细培训体系,供有志于从事以功率负荷参数为指导的运动健康干预服务人员参考。

中国式法治现代化与卫生健康法学教育的四个面向

中国式法治现代化是中国式现代化整体进程中的重要环节;提升卫生健康领域的法治化水平、强化发展卫生健康法学教育,是全面推进中国法治现代化的必然要求。当从四个面向(面向外部、面向国际、面向未来和面向内部)出发,围绕“立德树人、德法兼修”育人理念、“大卫生、大健康”价值理念、“新文科”教育理念和“数智化”素养理念四个方面,探索新时代德才兼备、医法融合的复合型高质量卫生健康法治人才培养的优化方案,以进一步丰富卫生健康法学教育研究的内容。

健康操与认知任务训练在帕金森伴认知障碍患者中的应用

目的探讨健康操结合认知任务训练在帕金森合并轻度认知障碍(Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment,PD-MCI)患者中的应用效果。方法选取南通市第四人民医院2021年9月—2023年3月收治的PD-MCI患者90例,依照随机分配原则分为2组,各45例。对照组采取常规健康教育及常规训练,观察组在上述基础上采取健康操结合认知任务训练,为期6个月。对比2组干预前后认知功能[蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)、简易精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分]、跌倒风险[修订版跌倒效能量表(modified fall efficacy scale,MFES)评分]、运动功能[帕金森综合评分量表3(unified Parkinson's disease rating scale-Ⅲ,UPDRS-Ⅲ)评分]、平衡能力[起立-行走测试(timed up and go test,TUG)]。结果干预后,观察组MoCA、MMSE评分分别为(23.81±2.30)分、(23.59±1.80)分,较干预前升高,且高于对照组的(20.13±2.55)分、(20.78±2.32)分(P<0.05)。干预后,2组MFES评分较干预前升高,观察组为(7.34±0.59)分,高于对照组的(6.42±0.77)分(P<0.05);2组UPDRS-Ⅲ评分较干预前下降,观察组为(16.52±2.21)分,低于对照组的(18.15±2.04)分(P<0.05)。干预后,2组单任务TUG、双任务TUG时间均较干预前缩短,观察组为(11.44±0.70)s、(18.39±1.44)s,短于对照组的(13.54±1.26)s、(21.26±1.53)s(P<0.05)。结论健康操结合认知任务训练在PD-MCI患者中应用效果良好,能改善患者认知功能和运动功能,提高平衡能力,降低跌倒风险。

产教融合在高职健康养老相关专业技能人才培养中的作用与实践

产教融合作为一种新型的人才培养模式,为高职健康养老相关专业的人才培养提供了重要的支持。本文分析了产教融合在高职健康养老相关专业技能人才培养中的作用,探讨了产教融合的应用实践策略。研究表明,产教融合在高职健康养老相关专业技能人才培养中具有显著的作用,可以提高人才培养的质量,培养学生的实践能力和创新精神,满足企业的用人需求,加强产业与教育之间的联结。

功能性训练在医疗健康领域研究的新趋势与新动态

背景:功能性训练近些年在国内较为流行,但主要应用于运动训练领域,在医疗健康等方面研究及应用还存在不足。目的:通过对国际功能性训练在医疗健康领域的研究热点、思想动态、前沿以及未来发展趋势进行更加全面且深入的探索和解析,为体育、医疗健康等领域开展相关研究提供理论依据。方法:从Web of science核心集数据库导出2012-2022年功能性训练有关健康的2206篇高质量文献作为分析对象,结合文献分析法等研究方法,利用Citespace V分析软件对关键词、学科类别、高被引文献等进行可视化分析。结果与结论:①功能性训练在健康领域研究的发文量不断上升,美国发文量较多,影响力较大;中国发文量也较多,但影响力和研究深度欠缺;②提高中老年人身心健康和认知能力是主要热点,其次是预防运动员运动损伤和促进恢复;③未来会加大对青少年、残疾人等群体的研究,对运动员预防损伤和促进恢复会持续增多;④国内学者关于功能性训练对普通群众身体健康影响的有关研究甚少,应更多向提高普通群众身心健康方面聚焦。

“需要关注”研究生问题解析及应对策略——以西安某高校为例

研究生教育是高等教育人才培养的最高层次,分析解决研究生存在的问题,是助力人才培养的重要支撑。本文通过对513名“需要关注”研究生具体问题的解析,发现影响当前研究生健康成长成才的主要问题是学业问题、心理问题和导学关系不良,其中需要“重点关注”研究生往往多方面问题同时存在,且各方面问题相互交织、影响,存在相关关系。高校应把好招生关,为人才培养选出好“材”;丰富课程体系,成人成材全面培养;强化导师责任,注重过程管理;建立档案,常态化监测,保障研究生健康成人成材。

医学生临床实习结合健康管理实践教学的方法探索

目的:探索医学生临床实习结合健康管理实践教学的方法和效果。方法:选取实习生100人,分为试验组与对照组,每组50人。对照组采取传统实习教学模式和健康管理理论授课,试验组在对照组的基础上增加健康管理实践教学,对两组教学效果进行评价。结果:试验组和对照组理论成绩差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但试验组操作成绩优于对照组(P<0.05);试验组病健康管理能力均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:临床实习结合健康管理实践的创新教学方法能显著提高临床医学生的临床实习成绩和健康管理实践能力。