Latent tuberculosis infection in health-care workers in the government sector in Brunei Darussalam:A cross-sectional study

Objective:Health-care workers(HCWs)are known to be at high risk for occupational biological hazards,and this includes exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis(TB)which can result in either active or latent TB infection(LTBI).This study aims to provide an overview of the incidence of LTBI among HCWs in Brunei Darussalam,to examine associated risk factors,and to evaluate LTBI treatment compliance.Materials and Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study which was conducted using data from January 2018 to December 2021,on notified cases of LTBI in HCWs which identified 115 cases.Demographic data,underlying medical conditions,and compliance to treatment were assessed through reviews of their electronic health records.Results:The incidence of LBTI was 14.6/year/1000 HCWs.The incidence rate reached a high of 24.6/1000 in 2020,and majority of cases were in the older age groups.There was good treatment acceptance and compliance(82.6%),and this was observed to be significantly higher in females than males(P=0.02).Conclusion:This study showed an average incidence of LTBI of 14.6/1000 HCWs over 4 years and high LTBI treatment acceptance(82.6%)and compliance.Emphasis on infection prevention and control measures in health-care settings and actions to increase awareness of LTBI are crucial interventions toward reducing the burden of LTBI.

Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of health-care pharmaceutical products using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) is a sensitive optical technique that is capable of rapid multi-elemental analysis. The development of this technique for elemental analysis of pharmaceutical products may eventually revolutionize the field of human health. Under normal circumstances, the elemental analysis of pharmaceutical products based on chemical methods is time-consuming and complicated. In this investigation, the principal aim is to develop an LIBS-based methodology for elemental analysis of pharmaceutical products. This LIBS technique was utilized for qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the elements present in Ca-based tablets. All the elements present in the tablets were detected and their percentage compositions were verified in a single shot, using the proposed instrument. These elements(e.g., Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and others) were identified by the wavelengths of their spectral lines, which were verified using the NIST database. The approximate amount of each element was determined based on their observed peaks and the result was in exact agreement with the content specification. The determination of the composition of prescription drug for patients is highly important in numerous circumstances. For example, the exploitation of LIBS may facilitate elemental decomposition of medicines to determine the accuracy of the stated composition information. Moreover, the approach can provide element-specific, meaningful, and accurate information related to pharmaceutical products.

Health-care needs of remitted patients with bipolar disorder: A comparison with schizophrenia

AIM To investigate health-care needs and their correlates among patients with remitted bipolar disorder(BD) compared to patients with remitted schizophrenia. METHODS Outpatients with BD(n = 150) and schizophrenia(n = 75) meeting clearly defined remission criteria were included in the study along with their relatives. Diagnostic ascertainment was carried out using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and clinical details were recorded using structured formats. Residual symptoms were assessed using standardized scales. Health-care needs were assessed on two separate scales. The principal instrument employed to assess health-care needs was the Camberwell Assessment of Need-Research version(CAN-R). To further evaluate health-care needs we felt that an additional instrument, which was more relevant for Indian patients and treatment-settings and designed to cover those areas of needs not specifically covered by the CAN-R was required. This instrument with a structure and scoring pattern similar to the CAN-R was used for additional evaluation of needs. Patients' level offunctioning was assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and their quality of life(QOL) using the World Health Organization Quality Of Life-BREF version in Hindi.RESULTS An average of 6-7 needs was reported by patients with BD as well as their relatives. Commonly reported needs were in the areas of economic and welfare needs, informational needs, social needs and the need for treatment. According to the CAN-R, both patients and relatives reported that more than 60% of the total needs were being met. However, over 90% of the needs covered by the additional evaluation were unmet according to patients and relatives. Needs in the areas of economic and welfare-benefits, information, company, daytime activities and physical health-care were largely unmet according to patients and relatives. Total, met and unmet needs were significantly higher for schizophrenia, but the most common types of needs were quite similar to BD. Relatives reported more needs than patients with certain differences in the types of needs reported. Level of patients' functioning was the principal correlate of greater total and unmet needs in both groups. Significant associations were also obtained with residual symptoms and QOL.CONCLUSION The presence of unmet needs in remitted patients with BD was an additional marker of the enduring psychosocial impairment characteristic of the remitted phase of BD.

Interpretation of WHO Guideline:Assessing and Managing Children at Primary Health-care Facilities to Prevent overweight and Obesity in the Context of the Double Burden of Malnutrition

Along with the transitions of social and economic development,dietary patterns and physical activity and life-styles,the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has increased at an astonishing rate in the past decades,and has become one of the most serious public health challenges.Meanwhile,the stunting rate has declined with slowly pace,while millions of young lives are still be threatened by wasting all over the word.The present situation of Double Burden of Malnutrition should be recognized clearly and addressed seriously,which refers to,the common presence of both obesity and underweight in the same populations,communities and even families.In order to provide guidance on the appropriate assessment and management of infants and children presenting to primary health-care facilities,to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity among children,the Guideline Assessing and Managing Children at Primary Healthcare Facilities to Prevent Overweight and Obesity in the Context of the Double Burden of Malnutrition was developed and released by WHO in 2017 using the procedures outlined in the WHO handbook for guideline development.The WHO Guideline(2017)is intended primarily for use in low-and medium-resource settings where both under-nutrition and obesity are prevalent.In this guideline,there are three prioritized speci c areas and questions for infants and children presenting to primary health-care facilities:anthropometric assessment,care of infants and children with acute or chronic malnutrition,and care of children who are overweight or obese.It is recommended that for infants and children aged<5 years presenting primary health-care facilities,weight and length/height should be measured and evaluate adequately,general nutrition and physical activity counselling should be provided for related caregivers and families,identi cation and appropriate management plan should be developed at primary health-care level.The discrepancies of the recommendation on the three prioritized areas in di erent guidelines are compared in this paper.All the related guidelines emphasize the important of anthropometric measurement and monitor of growth for primary care workers and suggest dietary and physical activity counselling for obese people.Almost all the guidelines provide recommendations on breastfeeding and continued feeding counselling from the aspect of improving the status of acute or chronic malnutrition.The setting condition should be carefully considered when taking the guidelines of di erent organizations and countries into application.

The Preparation of Fragrance and Health-Care Microcapsule Agent and Its Application on Fabrics

The technology of microcapsule was employed in this paper to prepare fragrant microcapsule agent, in which the core material was lavender oil, and the wall material polyurethane was formed from a reaction with 2, 4-tolylene diisocyanate （ TDI ） and poly （ ethylene glycol） （PEG） by interracial polymerization method. Through single factor and orthogonal experiments, the optimum technology conditions have been got as follows： the molecular weight of PEG 400, core/wall ration 1 ： 2, disperser sodium alginate （SA） 0.15%, emulsifier Poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） 1%, emulsifying speed 9 500 r/min, emulsifying time 5 min and reaction time 2 h. The microcapsule fragrant agent, prepared under the optimum conditions, was applied on the fabrics and a kind of good control-released fragrant fabric with health-care function was obtained.

Planning and Design of Health-care Featured Town from the Perspectiveof“Aging Friendly”:A Case Study of Tangwan Town,Guixi City,Jiangxi Province

Under the background of current“aging”and“healthy China”,based on basic needs of theelderly for health care industry,combining the upsurge of featured town construction in China,basicproblems existing in current planning and construction of featured town are expounded and analyzed.Tangwan Town of Guixi City,Jiangxi Province is taken as the research object.Characteristics of theconstruction of health-care featured town and its existing problems are found,and planning strategy isproposed.The research aims to provide reference significance for planning and construction of suchfeatured towns,and promote the perfection of the theory of health-care town in China under agingbackground.

Health Care Personnel’s Attitude toward Hand Hygiene in Regard to the Prevention of Health-Care Associated Infections: A Cross Sectional Study at the University Hospital Pristine

Background: Hand hygiene is the leading measure for preventing the spread of antimicrobial resistance and reducing healthcare-associated infections, but health care worker compliance with optimal practices remains low in most settings. Objective: The main aim of this paper is to determine findings and start drafting policies in implementing them into practice after finding out nurses’ opinions, beliefs and attitudes toward hand hygiene (HH). Methodology and methods: A cross sectional descriptive and observational study during November 2009. Results: From the total number of 175 health care workers employed in this unit, 67 (38.3%) were observed regarding adherence to hand hygiene. Regarding the knowledge, practices and attitudes of the nurses, data were collected from 54 (50.0%) among 108 nurses in four intensive care units within the University Clinical Centre of Kosovo (UCCK). From research findings, it was concluded that hand hygiene compliance in the intensive care units was low (51.3%). Conclusion: Research results show the necessity of organizing multimodal programs with intensive care units of University Clinical Centre of Kosovo (UCCK) on increase of knowledge level on health-care associated infections (HAI).

Self-reported ischemic heart disease: Prevalence, sociodemographics, health behavior, health-care utilization, and quality of life

The aim of this study was to present the prevalence of self-reported Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) based on a national population-based survey and to characterize people with self-reported IHD with respect to health behavior, risk factors, health-care services utilization and health-related HRQoL;further to compare people with self-reported IHD to those with other chronic illness and people without chronic illness. Based on the Danish Health Interview Survey 2005 (SUSY), a sample of 10,983 persons aged 35 years or older was examined. Data was collected through personal interviews (response rate = 66.7%) and self-administered questionnaires (51.5%). The sample was divided into three mutual exclusive groups: IHD;other chronic illnesses;and no chronic illness. The prevalence of IHD was 5.6% (5.2 - 6.0). The disease was more common in men than women, and the average age was 67.5 years. People with self-reported IHD were characterized as having poorer health behaviors;more risk factors: 40% smokers, 21% sedentary lifestyle, 26% obese;higher utilization of the health-care services;and poorer HRQoL. When compared to people with other chronic diseases, people with IHD continued to show the same characteristics. The IHD group had more problems affecting their daily lives than the other two groups. The issues that affected the people with IHD have also been shown to increase the load on the health-care system. Therefore, it is important to the patients, health-care, and society that the prevalence of IHD is reduced and the burden of disease is made a priority.

LSTM Based Neural Network Model for Anomaly Event Detection in Care-Independent Smart Homes

This study introduces a long-short-term memory(LSTM)-based neural network model developed for detecting anomaly events in care-independent smart homes,focusing on the critical application of elderly fall detection.It balances the dataset using the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique(SMOTE),effectively neutralizing bias to address the challenge of unbalanced datasets prevalent in time-series classification tasks.The proposed LSTM model is trained on the enriched dataset,capturing the temporal dependencies essential for anomaly recognition.The model demonstrated a significant improvement in anomaly detection,with an accuracy of 84%.The results,detailed in the comprehensive classification and confusion matrices,showed the model’s proficiency in distinguishing between normal activities and falls.This study contributes to the advancement of smart home safety,presenting a robust framework for real-time anomaly monitoring.

中国传统家具中束腰的发展演变

探究中国传世家具的造型规律,大多可归为无束腰和有束腰两大体系。束腰是指家具面板与牙板间的缩近部分,有着特定的造法特征和审美情趣,因此作为中国传统家具的重要构件得以延续传承,有很高的研究价值。束腰造型和结构源自于建筑的须弥座已经在学界形成普遍性认知,但在中国传统家具发展过程中,佛教须弥座的造型和结构如何被运用到家具的束腰,具体的发展演变过程有待深入探讨。研究以历史发展为线索,通过图像、文献和实物考证,探索家具束腰的文化源头,纵向梳理其发展演变过程和各阶段特征,阐述其造型、结构、装饰发展的逻辑及其背后的文化内涵,以完善关于传统家具构件的研究成果。

Landscape Planning and Design of Rural Health-caring Tourist Bases

With the further deepening of rural revitalization strategies,rural construction and development has been attracting increasing attention,on this basis rural health-caring tourism has developed.This research,by following ecological and human-centered principles,adopted the renovation planning of Dacun Village,Fengcun Town in Deqing County,Zhaoqing City,tried to build Dacun Village into a rural healthcaring base that integrates the functions of serving for the aged,recreation,living,health care,tourism and vacation,and provided a new development mode uniting health care with rural tourism.

Scope of technology in health care, special focus on nursing

Integrating artificial intelligence(AI)into health care reshapes nursing practices and education,enhancing patient care and clinical processes.This article discusses the transformative potential of AI in nursing,from streamlining documentation and diagnosis using AI applications to the evolution of nursing.The utilization of AI in primary care through automated communication strategies and the emergence of humanistic AI solutions are explored.As nurses adapt to AI-driven health-care technologies,balancing present needs with future demands becomes imperative.AI provides substantial advantages,but it's crucial to address challenges to ensure the successful integration of technology in healthcare and maintain the delivery of high-quality patient care in our tech-driven healthcare environment.

药磁腰托对兔腰神经根急性受压后神经功能的影响

目的:观察兔腰神经根急性受压后神经功能的变化,探讨药磁腰托对腰神经根急性受压的治疗作用。方法:将40只大白兔随机分为4组,每组10只,其中2组作为实验组,另2组作为对照组。手术暴露大白兔左侧坐骨神经,沿坐骨神经逆向仔细分离L7神经前支并进入L7神经根通道,将直径2mm、长约2cm的硅胶管套入并插入L7神经根通道,形成L7神经根急性受压模型。对照组在动物模型制作后不给予治疗措施。实验组应用药磁腰托作为治疗措施。术后采用Siegal推荐的运动功能评分和行走20m距离所需时间对运动神经功能进行观察,应用辐射热甩头法检测兔疼痛阈值的改变,评价感觉神经功能障碍的恢复情况。结果:术后10d实验组与对照组比较差异没有显著性意义,术后30d实验组比对照组差异有显著性意义。结论:药磁腰托能够促进神经功能的恢复。

红瑶女性腰带制作工艺调查及文化思考

以多次田野调查为证,对红瑶女性腰带的制作过程进行详细记录,还原了整个手工过程。在文化旅游的背景下,以简单的红瑶腰带作为经济资源推动了服饰工艺回归这一现象的基础上,指出简约的制作工艺所赋予的新的文化要义,探讨简化工艺可以培养大众兴趣和普及工艺基础知识,扩大传承圈,从而探索传统工艺保护的新路径。

保健护腰压力舒适性研究

采用四种缩成率(50%、60%、70%、80%)对纯棉白坯布制作的基础样板进行缩放,选择四种不同弹性的锦/氨混纺经编面料,制作了16件保健护腰,对其穿着过程中的压力进行测试,利用SPSS软件研究保健护腰压力、面料伸长率及缩成率之间的关系,并通过MATLAB最优化方法得到了制作保健护腰的最佳面料伸长率及最佳缩成率。

可用于呼吸监测的刺绣型压力传感器的研制

采用刺绣的方法制备压力传感装置,根据呼吸时皮肤扩张产生的压力大小监测人体静止状态下的呼吸状况.基于接触电阻压力感应原理,通过增加接触点的数目,提高接触电阻的灵敏度.在接触点处涂覆硅胶,以减少信号的偏移,提高信号的重复性.最后通过实验验证了该传感器能够感应微小压力的变化.将所制传感器附着于弹性腰带中,能够实现对人体呼吸率的测量.

从腰带的变迁看时尚的变化

文章叙述了腰带的起源、发展的历史,分析了历代腰带的构成特征及其作用。腰带作为服饰的一部分,在中国古代社会,其功能的演变与其他服饰一样,由最初的实用功能演变到昭名分、辨等级显示身份地位的功能,到民国以后,随着封建等级制度的解体,腰带与其他服饰一样,呈现出斑斓纷繁的景象。

花腰彝祭龙文化及其旅游开发——以云南石屏县花腰彝为例

生活在云南哀牢山区仅有的4万人口的彝族支系花腰彝创造了绚烂多彩、独具风格的花腰彝文化,花腰祭龙节就是具有浓郁民族特色和地方特色的节庆活动之一。本文阐述了祭龙文化,分析了祭龙民俗的旅游价值,并提出应从四个方面对祭龙民俗旅游资源进行开发。采用节庆活动的模式;树立花腰舞龙品牌,打造海菜腔、烟盒舞原生态歌舞名片;与其它习俗结合起来进行旅游开发;开辟一条滇南花腰民俗旅游线路。

A Community Health Service Architecture Based on the Internet of Things on Health-Care

In order to assure a real-time medical care for the elders who live alone or have a chronic disease and also to improve the responsiveness and quality of the community hospital, a community health service architecture was designed according to the Internet of Things on Health-Care. The users' body physiological and sports information can be collected intelligently by the health sensors at home and then the health information can be transmitted to the community health-care center through networks after information processing. The community doctors can provide a medical service on kinds of video, voice or email according to the users' process notes, test data and symptoms. Of course, doctors also can communicate and share their opinions with other specialist who is online. The key technology of this system is Internet of Things on Health-Care, which system can get users' health information actively and then make out intelligent decisions promptly and finally provide a more personal health service.

The Pathway of China’s Integrated Delivery System:Based on the Analysis of the Medical Consortium Policies

With the deepening of China’s health-care reform,an integrated delivery system has gradually emerged with the function of improving the efficiency of the health-care delivery system.For China’s integrated delivery system,a medical consortium plays an important role in integrating public hospitals and primary care facilities.The first medical consortium policy issued after the COVID-19 pandemic apparently placed hope on accelerating the implementation of a medical consortium and tiered health-care delivery system.This paper illustrates the possible future pathway of China’s medical consortium through retrospection of the 10-year process,changes of the series of policies,and characteristics of the policy issued in 2020.We considered that a fully integrated medical consortium would be a major phenomenon in China's medical industry,which would lead to the formation of a dualistic care pattern in China.