On the Factors of the Formation of Proverbs

A proverb is the refinement of wisdom, the condensation of experience, and the concentration of culture.Both Chinese and English have possessed a large number of proverbs. When we enjoy those words that sparkle with philosophical thinking, it is not difficult to find many Chinese and English proverbs are describing things similarly in human's common feeling and thinking. This paper will study the factors that contribute to the formation of proverbs.

On the Comprehension and Translation of English Proverbs

本文就如何正确翻译英语谚语这一话题展开讨论 ,指出正确的谚语译文不应源自错误的字面意义上的理解 ,而有时应根据其用法 。

On the Understanding and Translation of English and Chinese Proverbs

Proverbs are results of human wisdom.As a particular part of language,proverbs are full of embodiments of many differences culture both in form and content.The understanding and translation of English and Chinese proverbs involve not only the transference of the two languages but also the transmission of English and Chinese culture.When proverbs are being translated,translators are confronted with difficulties of retaining the characteristics as well as the meaning and national flavor of the original.Judging from this key point,how to achieve the transference of the source language culture to the target language has become one of the important criteria to know whether or not a translation version is successful.Therefore,to a great extent,the principles and methods play a key role.

Discussion on Sexism in English Proverbs

This paper has penetrated into the sexism in English proverbs from different aspects to illustrate the sex discrimination in society.Now the phenomenon of sexism has got improved,but the work needs efforts and cooperation for long.Therefore we must adequately know the sexism in English proverbs especially in society and see it comprehensively.

A Comparison on Culture Value Conception between Chinese and Americans Proverbs

The abundant resources of proverbs illustrate their meaningful ideas both in Chinese proverbs and English proverbs, reflecting ordinary lives and regarded as the essence of culture in both countries. So American culture inherited many marvelous traditions from English proverbs and American proverbs must be influenced by English proverbs too. My paper will compare Chinese and American culture through proverbs, aiming at observing the differences of the culture value conception between Chinese and Americans, and hope that this study also can be regarded as a data to give referential meaning to the further research on cross-culture and language comparison.

A Cultural Analysis to English Proverbs and Its Comparison with Other Expressions

This analysis purposely mines the connection between English proverbs and other means of expressions in English.English proverbs locate an indispensable role in English language,which obtain the characteristics of metaphor,rhythm,eloquence,syntax,etc.

The Translation of Proverbs——The management of Cultural Elements

由于不同的自然地理环境、宗教信仰、风俗习惯、寓言神话以及文学艺术诸多方面的差异,英、汉谚语承载着不同的民族文化特色和不同的文化信息。他们与文化传统紧密相连,不可分割。谚语中的文化因素构成了翻译中的困难。直译、意译,或者直译与意译相结合,则要根据具体的语言环境来定。本文试图借助语用学的观点,对英汉谚语的翻译做一些探索。

Proverbs—Reflection of Influence of the Holy Bible on Western Culture

Christianity is the most influential religion in west world while the Bible is often labeled as a"Western book"and considered a vital part of western culture.With the help of related English proverbs as well as the Holy Bible -the major resource of Christian doctrines and western concept of values, the thesis analyzes the influence of this scripture on western culture from the angle of human nature orientation, relationship of humankind to nature, time orientation, activity orientation and relational orientation.

Expressive Aspect of Phallia-autocracy in an Indigenous African Society： The Case of Yoruba Proverbs

The patriarchal leaning of most traditional African communities is sign-posted by certain behavioural models which place the woman at the receiving end of certain prejudices in our cultural milieu. Such prejudices manifest in diverse behavioural and relational manners that either peripheralize the woman or out-rightly remove every vestige of human dignity from her being. Language, being a significant carrier of our emotions, biases, beliefs, preference and prejudices, provides a crucial platform for the interrogation of the nature of gender relations and their consequences in any society, such consideration has forced a preponderance of scholarly interest in gender studies in arts and humanities. This study caries out a scholarly investigate into such gender inspired biases through the prison of Yoruba proverbs as a reflection of our cultural practices and beliefs about the position of the woman in a typical traditional Yoruba setting

Translation of Chinese Opera Proverbs From the Perspective of Intertexuality Theory

Due to China＇s ever-expanding opening-up, sustained rapid economic growth, and its rising international status, the sharp rise in demand of national consciousness has outstripped the original operation model. Chinese renaissance can not only be understood as a catalyst for globalization, but it does also enlarge the global village by opening new economic, political, diplomatic, intellectual, and artistic horizons. Our government pays more attention to publicize and preserve traditional culture. Therefore, it becomes an urgent task about how to do research and mining, preserve fine traditional Chinese culture, and enhance the international cultural communication. Rhymed opera proverb as an important part of Chinese opera culture mirrors the ideology and culture in China. The opera proverb is responsible for both inheriting the tradition and developing the ancient art. The biggest challenge is translation which is carrier of culture. Through good translation, we will gain a better understanding of the quintessence of our tradition and of the living embodiment of China and Chinese culture. This paper is intended to study opera proverb translation from the viewpoint of ＂intertextuality＂. The author believes that translation is a type of transforming activity intertextualized with language, text, and culture. Intertextuality theory is applied to investigate the process of translation. Intertextuality will be of great help to the translation of opera proverbs, which means not only to explore and transfer the literal meaning of the source text, but also to interpret and expound the cultural meaning. Only if a translation is reliable and makes sense of traditional culture can our culture be known and appreciated by the world.

The potential motivational values of English proverbs and quotations in Chinese EFL tea ching

Although English proverbs and quotations are quite popular with language teachers and learners, and although there are sizeable body of research addressing the various aspects of English proverbs and quotations, their potential motivational values lacks theoretical support to date. This paper intends to explore the theoretical rationales for English proverbs and quotations to be a valuable tool for inspiring teachers and textbooks in Chinese EFL teaching. Based on QIN and WEN＇s conceptual model of motivation （2002） as well as teacher-specific and group-specific motivational theories, it analyzes the potential uses of English proverbs and quotations, with the conclusion that many English proverbs and quotations may serve to be an impetus as well as affective/cognitive mediators in the pre-actional and actional stages of learning, and may help to promote teacher-specific and group-specific motivational dynamics, which in turn benefit student achievement.

Proverbs

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On the Study of Cultural Connotation in Zhuang Proverbs: Religious Belief and Ecological Ethics

Zhuang’s proverbs are derived from the long-term experience in the survival and development of nature, andinextricably related to it. Many of Zhuang’s proverbs reflect the folk religious belief’s reverence, prudence,compliance and protection of the ecological environment. The implicit or explicit ecological ethics consciousnessin Zhuang proverbs has a subtle influence on Zhuang people’s thoughts and behaviors, and objectively regulates therelationship between man and nature, which helps the Zhuang people consciously keep the balance of naturalecology in their daily life.

Comparative Analysis of Amharic and Afaan Oromoo Proverbs:A meta-communication perspective

Proverbs are timeless human wisdom in the form of concise figurative speech.They reflect the conceptual experience of the speakers,particularly the elders in speech communities.This study aims at presenting a comparative study between Amharic and Afaan Oromoo proverbs from the standpoint of meta-communication perspective.Meta-communication is conceptualized as communicating about communication.Communication is believed to have many things in common with culture in that it shapes and dictates the communication behavior of a given society.In verbal communication,the use of proverbs is quite often,explicitly to comment on communication behavior.Despite the multifaceted functions of proverbs in several disciplines,the focuses of this study are proverbs as sources of communication that are relevant in linguistics and anthropology.In so doing,sample proverbs have been purposively selected based on semantic criteria and analyzed by using psycho-analysis method.In the analysis of the proverbs,we built a cognitive model for their semantic relationships.This is because the proverbs have relatively stable,conventionalized and contextual meaning of form as continuum,residing in their common conceptual base.Above of all,they are metaphor-dependent as a common on conceptual base.Hence,there are a number of proverbs in Amharic and Afaan Oromoo as well that comment on importance of communication,communication behavior or processes,among others.In both ethno-linguistic groups,thus,employing such proverbs to comment on communication is quite common which tend to show the communication behavior of each group.

The African Cultural Worldview and the Concept of Conflict Resolution through Yoruba-French Proverbs： A Case Study of Olaoye Abioye＇s Translated Proverbs in Le Preux chasseur dans la forOt infestOe de dOmons

The African cultural universe is quite replete with vivid imagery and condensed wisdom of the ways of man and nature gleaned over the years. Gerontocracy, governance by the elderly, an adopted mode of government by most African communities, mostly has its wisdom reflected in proverbs. Proverbs then become an administrative tool to resolve conflict among warring parties, communities or persons. In this paper, one of the objectives is to showcase instances of proverbs serving as tools for conflict resolution in D.O. Fagunwa＇s Yoruba novel entitled Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo IrunmQl~, which Abioye （1989） has translated as Le preux chasseur dans la for^t infest^e de demons （The Forest of a Thousand Demons）. Another objective is to study the translational strategies employed by Abioye to successfully translate the rich cultural African worldview encapsulated in Yoruba proverbs into French, a non-African language.

Analysis of the Story-Line Behind Selected Hausa Proverbs

Proverbs which are short witty traditional oral expressions handed down from generation to generation as a common heritage is also believed to be true expressions of the Hausa people＇s philosophy. This philosophy is clad in different ways by the people as they are continuously at work to give meanings to their creative activities. Proverbs are one of the most relevant expressions of human wisdom and knowledge of nature, psychology, and reality for the Hausa people of Northern Nigeria; however, the images that are presented in the proverbs are culturally defined and they may differ from place to place, as well as from generation to generation. Proverbs are capable of a variety of meanings, according to how and when they are used. These findings have revealed that many popular and interesting Hausa proverbs tell a condensed story; these stories give vivid illustrations which help the hearer understand the proverbs. In this paper, the author attempts a deep intellectual analysis into the story-lines behind the emergence of some selected Hausa proverbs, with a view to comprehending and propagating embedded ideas and cultural principles or philosophies that may be relevant for contemporary social usage.

Analysis of Sexism in English and Chinese Proverbs

Since language and gender research has gradually become a heated topic for linguists,according to Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,some linguists argue that language is sexually discriminatory against women.Language is the most crucial tool for human communication,which reflects idiology and culture of language users.Moreover,proverbs,as the essence of language,can better reflect the connotation of social culture.Therefore,it is more representative to study linguistic sexism in proverbs.Under the light of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis in sociolinguistics,this paper uses comparative methods to present sexism in English and Chinese proverbs from six aspects,such as women’s social status,speech,wisdom,temper,vices,and marriage.Based on our analysis,we find that the emergence and prevalence of sexism in English and Chinese proverbs roots from social and historical aspects.Hopefully our research will make people recognize sexism in language and avoid discriminatory language practices.

Power Representation on Sundanese Proverbs

This study examines the representation of power on a number of Sundanese proverbs.The objective is to analyze traditional views on the perceptions of power in Sundanese society and explore the interrelation between language,power and culture.The data for this study were collected from Rosidi(2005,2010).The results showed that power is represented mostly in neuter and noble contexts.This study concludes that Sundanese proverbs depict that anybody can hold power,regardless their genders,social status and ages,as long as they have the supporting factors,i.e.wealth,nobility and knowledge.

Cultural Implications Reflected by Animal Metaphors in Proverbs of English,Chinese,and German

Proverbs are summaries of people’s life experiences with profound philosophies,among which animal proverbs are universally and frequently used in various languages.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in the meanings of several representative animal metaphors in the proverbs of English,Chinese,and German,and discusses the potential reasons of their formation and the cultures involved.This paper provides learners with examples of understanding culture-loaded animal proverbs.