Study on the automatic process of line heating for pillow shape plate

This paper focuses on the process for pillow shape plate by line heating technique, which is widely applied in the production of ship hull. Based on the analysis of primary parameters and experimental data in line heating process, the amount of local contraction generated by line heating has been illustrated. Then, combining with the computational result of local deformation determined by shell plate development, an optimization method for line heating parameters has been studied. This prediction system may provide rational arrangements of heating lines and technical parameters of process. By integrating the prediction system into the line heating robot for pillow shape plate, the automatic process of line heating for pillow shape plate can be achieved.

Study of automatic designing of line heating technique parameters

Based on experimental data of line heating, the methods of vector mapping, plane projection, and coordinate converting are presented to establish the spectra for line heating distortion discipline which shows the relationship between process parameters and distortion parameters of line heating. Back-propagation network (BP-net) is used to modify the spectra.Mathematical models for optimizing line heating techniques parameters, which include two-objective functions,are constructed. To convert the multi-objective optimization into a single-objective one, the method of changing weight coefficient is used, and then the individual fitness function is built up. Taking the number of heating lines, distance between the heating lines’ border (line space), and shrink quantity of lines as three restrictive conditions,a hierarchy genetic algorithm (HGA) code is established by making use of information provided by the spectra, in which inner coding and outer coding adopt different heredity arithmetic operators in inherent operating. The numerical example shows that the spectra for line heating distortion discipline presented here can provide accurate information required by techniques parameter prediction of line heating process and the technique parameter optimization method based on HGA provided here can obtain good results for hull plate.

Establishment, Growth kinetics, and Susceptibility to AcMNPV of Heat Tolerant Lepidopteran Cell Lines

Lepidopteran heat-tolerant (ht) cell lines have been obtained with sf-9, sf-21 and several Bombyx cells. They have a distinct karyotype, membrane lipid composition, morphology and growth kinetics from the parental cell lines. In this paper, we report the development of ht cell lines from other insect species and examination of their growth characteristics and virus susceptibility. Adaptation of cell lines sf-9, BTI-TN-5B1-4 (High5) and BTI-TN-MG1 (MG1) to 33℃ and 35℃ was carried out by shifting the culture temperature between 28℃ and higher temperatures by a gradual stepwise increase in temperature. The process of adaption to a higher culture temperature was accomplished over a period of 2 months. The cell lines with the temperature adaption were designated as sf9-ht33, sf9-ht35, High5-ht33, High5-ht35, MG1-ht33, MG1-ht35. These cell lines have been subcultured over 70 passages. Adaption to high temperatures was confirmed by a constant population doubling time with individual cell lines. The population doubling time of heat adapted cell lines were 1-4 h less than these of parental cell lines. Cell shapes did not show obvious change, however, the cell size of sf9-ht cells was enlarged and those of High5 and MG1 ht cells were reduced after heat adaption. When the cell lines were infected with Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) at 28℃, 33℃, 35℃ and 37℃, production of budded virus and occlusion bodies in each cell line was optimum at its own adapted temperature.

稠油井内衬保温油管热损失分析及开采参数优化

针对塔河油田稠油开采过程中原油热量损失大、资源浪费的问题,开展内衬保温油管开采技术研究。基于井筒稳态热传递与地层非稳态热传递理论,建立了稠油井井筒热传递数学模型,评价了不同内衬材料油管的保温性能,揭示了含水率、日产液量及内衬保温油管下深对井筒温度的影响规律。研究表明:内衬聚酮防腐层与气凝胶保温层的保温油管保温性能最佳,日产液量和保温油管下深对井口温度影响较大,含水率对井口温度的影响较小;日产液量大于72 t/d且保温油管下深大于3 500 m时,可满足稠油开采的温度要求。该研究明确了内衬保温油管保温的可行性,可为油田保温油管内衬的选材、稠油开采工艺参数的制订提供技术依据。

美标380HBW级别LH高强热处理钢轨关键技术研究

文章介绍了出口墨西哥380HBW级别LH在线热处理钢轨的生产工艺概况,通过对钢轨微合金化成分设计、冶炼工艺高洁净度控制和精准在线热处理工艺调控,成功批量生产LH在线热处理钢轨。钢轨各项性能满足用户技术要求和AREMA标准要求,通过SGS国际检测认证,满足国外重载铁路大轴重货运列车的运行要求,钢轨已出口至墨西哥、澳大利亚、美国等国家。

Mapping QTLs for Heat Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L. ) at Heading Stage Using Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines

In the present study, a japonica rice （ Oryza sativa L. ） variety Nipponbare, an indica variety 9311 and a set of chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） which were generated using Nipponbare as the recipient parent and 9311 as the donor parent were used as the experimental materials. The CSSLs were grown in 2012 （normal temperature condition） and 2013 （high temperature condition） in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, and were used to map the quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for heat tolerance, based on the heat tolerance index [ （The seed setting rate under normal temperature condition -The seed setting rate under high temper- ature condition） / The seed setting rate under normal temperature condition]. As a result, three QTLs related to heat tolerance in rice were mapped on chromo- somes 2, 4 and 12, respectively. They had LOD （logarithm of rntds） scores of 2.56, 4.02 and 2.79, and contributian rates of 4.95%, 7.99% and 5.44%. Among them, qHT12.1 showed positive effect, while qHT2.1 and qHT4. t showed negative effect on heat tolerance. The results lay a foundation for the fine mapping and cloning of the QTLs and genes related to heat tolerance, and for the breeding of heat-tolerant rice varieties.

S Zorb装置反应器接收器脱气线和再生器取热盘管改造

某公司对S Zorb装置首个运行周期内出现的反应器接收器脱气线泄漏、再生器取热盘管泄漏等运行问题开展了技术攻关,提出了工艺优化调整、工程技术改造建议。2019年大检修时对反应器脱气线进行扩径,由DN100扩径为DN150,控制气提量小于670 m^(3)/h,对再生系统取热蒸汽和再生风流控阀等进行了工程技术改造。第二运行周期未出现脱气线减薄泄漏和再生器取热盘管泄漏问题。2023年6月大检修时对上次大检修改造部位进行检查以验证工程改造的有效性,经全面检查,确认脱气线内部未发现冲刷痕迹,再生器取热盘管打压合格,外观正常,证明改造措施有效,可以满足“四年一修”目标要求。

不同玉米杂交种及其亲本自交系耐热性的差异比较

【目的】近年来,我国黄淮海夏玉米区高温热害不利天气频发重发,已成为威胁玉米生产的重要不利因素。研究并明确高温胁迫对不同基因型玉米品种雌雄穗及产量的影响,为耐高温玉米品种培育和选择提供参考。【方法】以郑单958(郑58×昌7-2)、先玉335(PH6WC×PH4CV)、京农科728(京MC01×京2416)和MC812(京B547×京2416)及其亲本自交系为供试材料,花期前后(大喇叭口期-吐丝后7 d)进行高温胁迫处理,研究高温胁迫对不同基因型玉米杂交种及其亲本自交系雌雄穗生长发育、散粉吐丝间隔(ASI)、花粉活性、产量及其构成要素的影响。【结果】(1)花期前后高温胁迫导致参试玉米品种及其亲本自交系的穗粒数减少,进而产量降低,且不同品种和自交系对高温胁迫的响应存在显著差异。与对照相比,高温胁迫下,郑单958、先玉335、京农科728和MC812的穗粒数降幅分别为22.28%、46.79%、6.13%和8.11%,产量降幅分别为9.50%、50.61%、3.18%和5.00%,其中,京农科728和MC812减产不显著,而郑单958和先玉335显著减产;亲本自交系中,京2416的穗行数、行粒数和产量降幅最小且不显著,而PH6WC均显著降低且降幅最大。(2)高温胁迫下,参试品种及其亲本自交系的雄穗分支总数、雄穗长度、总散粉量和花粉活性降低,散粉持续期缩短,ASI延长。与对照相比,高温胁迫下,ASI延长1.6 d。雄穗长度降幅表现为郑单958>先玉335>MC812>京农科728。郑单958雄穗长度降幅最大,但雄穗分支数多,花粉量最大;先玉335雄穗分支少,雄穗长度降幅大,花粉量最少且活性最低;京2416总散粉量大且花粉活力强,降幅最小(仅为4.50%和3.98%)。【结论】花期前后高温胁迫对参试玉米品种的籽粒产量和花粉活性等影响较大,京农科728和MC812的产量和花粉活性降幅显著低于先玉335和郑单958,耐热性较好。通过比较参试玉米杂交种亲本自交系的耐热性,父本自交系的耐热性要好于母本自交系。其中,京2416的雄穗分支和长度降幅小,花粉量大,花粉活性高,且花丝茸毛多,捕获花粉能力强,单穗产量高,ASI小,耐热性最好。因此,在耐高温玉米品种选育过程中,要重视和加大对耐热种质(如京2416等)的利用与改良创新,组配选育耐高温玉米新品种。

On-Line Life Monitoring Technique for Tube Bundles of Boiler High-Temperature Heating Surface

High-temperature heating surface such as superheater and reheater of large-sized utility boiler all experiences a relatively severe working conditions. The failure of boiler tubes will directly impact the safe and economic operation of boiler. An on-line life monitoring model of high-temperature heating surface was set up according to the well-known L-M formula of the creep damages. The tube wall metal temperature and working stress was measured by on-line monitoring, and with this model, the real-time calculation of the life expenditure of the heating surface tube bundles were realized. Based on the technique the on-line life monitoring and management system of high-temperature heating surface was developed for a 300 MW utility boiler. An effective device was thus suggested for the implementation of the safe operation and the condition-based maintenance of utility boilers.

低热硅酸盐水泥水工衬砌混凝土抗裂性文献综述

对低热硅酸盐水泥的技术要求进行阐述,综述了前人对低热水泥进行的宏观微观抗裂性试验,对低热水泥抗裂性方面的研究成果文献进行归纳和总结,对国内外低热水泥在水利工程中的应用和研究现状进行回顾,指出低热水泥在水工衬砌混凝土抗裂性上研究不足,展望未来低热水泥在水工衬砌混凝土中的应用研究前景。

薄规格高强度工程机械用钢板在线淬火工艺开发

通过对薄规格高强度工程机械用钢研发过程中的技术难题进行了分析,并有针对性采取了措施,使得20~29 mm厚度钢板在线淬火工艺得以成功应用。通过对轧制道次的优化提高了轧制板形、通过冷却单元上下水比、边部遮挡优化保证了冷却的均有性,通过钢板头部跟踪位置优化解决了头部过冷问题,为水冷后板形的改善创造了条件。通过头尾遮挡参数及热处理回火工艺优化,保证了钢板性能的均匀性,实现了薄规格钢板的短流程生产,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。

Physio Liner义齿软衬材料的临床观察

目的:探讨Physio Liner义齿软衬材料用于全口义齿、游离端义齿修复的临床疗效观察。方法:选择22例下颌牙槽嵴条件差的患者,以前旧义齿固位不好,咀嚼效率低,反复压痛需重新修复的患者,改用Physio Liner软衬材料衬垫的义齿,分别于衬垫后1周、3个月、6个月、12个月行满意度调查。SPSS12.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果:使用义齿软衬材料后,义齿在固位、稳定,咀嚼功能,舒适度等方面均有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:对牙槽嵴条件差的游离端义齿和全口义齿的患者,使用Physio Liner义齿软衬材料,能提高患者使用义齿的满意度。

高水头抽蓄机组分瓣式座环蜗壳焊接工艺研究

随着水电重大装备对材料要求的不断提高,水电用钢向高强韧方向发展已成为必然趋势。焊接作为一种不可替代的共性关键制造技术,在水电关键装备的制造中发挥重要的作用。文章通过分析蜗壳与环板“弱等强”焊接匹配方案、层状撕裂敏感性试验、焊接线能量对接头组织性能影响试验、焊接接头热处理工艺优化与评估、座环蜗壳制造工艺可达性以及焊接自动化等内容,形成了高水头抽蓄机组分瓣式座环蜗壳和冲击式机组配水环管的关键焊接制造技术。

FH40钢特厚板的热加工及材料性能分析

针对目前船厂缺少FH40钢特厚板加工经验的现状,开展FH40钢特厚板热加工试验,并对热加工后材料的性能进行理化试验。试验结果表明,加热次数、加热温度和冷却方式等参数均会对加工后材料的性能产生影响,为此后续在设计FH40钢特厚板加工工艺时需重点关注加热次数、温度和冷却方式。

胺液在线深度复活装置的设计及应用

目的解决天然气净化厂脱硫装置胺液系统中由于醇胺溶液自身降解与外来污染所导致的脱硫性能下降、腐蚀穿孔、发泡停产等一系列问题。方法对溶液系统污染物来源进行解析,为有效降低溶液中的污染物、降解物和烃类杂质等,采取了以下措施:①增设原料气预处理设施;②设置溶液过滤器;③增设胺液在线深度复活系统等设施。结果胺液在线深度复活装置可有效去除溶液中热稳定盐及致泡物质,使溶液的发泡高度由500 mm降至30 mm,消泡时间由110 s降至5 s。结论通过对胺液进行深度复活,保证溶液的洁净度,恢复溶液性能,可大幅度降低脱硫装置的发泡频率,更好地保障天然气净化装置的平稳高效运行。

耐热铝合金导线的耐热机制及其应用研究

研究耐热铝合金导线这类新型导线的发热机制,并探讨其在铁路输电线路中的应用效益。通过查阅相关文献资料,分析梳理这类新型导线的发热机理,并研究其主要性能,最后介绍这类导线在铁路输电线路改造工程中的应用。结果表明,Ф3.0的耐热铝合金单线在高温处理后其抗拉强度仍较高,强度保持率不低于95.4%。60%导电率的钢芯耐热铝合金绞线的耐热性能与钢芯耐热铝合金绞线是一样的,它们的连续允许使用温度都是150℃。与硬铝线相比,耐热铝合金导线在蠕变性能、耐腐蚀性方面都水平相当。经分析2008年山东省M市220 kV铁路输电线路扩容改造工程发现,只更换耐热导线的花费每千米只需45万元,而如果更换全部铁塔,花费为每千米133.9万元。由此可知,耐热铝合金导线具有良好的耐热性能,将其用于线路改造或新建中能有效节省投入费用,效益明显。

超紧凑型钢管感应调质热处理线的研究应用

通过ARE产线钢管感应调质热处理线研究应用项目的开展,对现有感应热处理线进行改造。现有的ARE钢管感应热处理线整体布局不变,整流变压器、上料台架、上料装置、下料装置、双向链式冷床、下料台架及液压站等利旧,输送辊道部分利旧、局部改造,淬火电源、回火电源及感应圈根据产品方案按照淬火+回火工艺要求重新设计并更新,补齐相应的水淬及配套的水循环系统,配套相应仪表、自动化、计算机系统,实现温度闭环控制。通过改造将现有感应热处理线打造成一条超紧凑型钢管感应调质热处理线,使其具备年淬火+回火热处理管线管、接箍料、石油套管等3万t的生产能力,弥补ARE产线热处理的缺口,提高产线的盈利能力。