Heat shock protein 20 promotes sirtuin 1-dependent cell proliferation in induced pluripotent stem cells

BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are molecular chaperones that protect cells against cellular stresses or injury.However,it has been increasingly recognized that they also play crucial roles in regulating fundamental cellular processes.HSP20 has been implicated in cell proliferation,but conflicting studies have shown that it can either promote or suppress proliferation.The underlying mechanisms by which HSP20 regulates cell proliferation and pluripotency remain unexplored.While the effect of HSP20 on cell proliferation has been recognized,its role in inducing pluripotency in human-induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)has not been addressed.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of HSP20 overexpression in human iPSCs and evaluate the ability to promote cell proliferation.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether overexpression of HSP20 in iPSCs can increase pluripotency and regeneration.METHODS We used iPSCs,which retain their potential for cell proliferation.HSP20 overexpression effectively enhanced cell proliferation and pluripotency.Overexpression of HSP20 in iPSCs was characterized by immunocytochemistry staining and realtime polymerase chain reaction.We also used cell culture,cell counting,western blotting,and flow cytometry analyses to validate HSP20 overexpression and its mechanism.RESULTS This study demonstrated that overexpression of HSP20 can increase the pluripotency in iPSCs.Furthermore,by overexpressing HSP20 in iPSCs,we showed that HSP20 upregulated proliferation markers,induced pluripotent genes,and drove cell proliferation in a sirtuin 1(SIRT1)-dependent manner.These data have practical applications in the field of stem cell-based therapies where the mass expansion of cells is needed to generate large quantities of stem cell-derived cells for transplantation purposes.CONCLUSION We found that the overexpression of HSP20 enhanced the proliferation of iPSCs in a SIRT1-dependent manner.Herein,we established the distinct crosstalk between HSP20 and SIRT1 in regulating cell proliferation and pluripotency.Our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms controlling cell proliferation that can potentially be exploited to improve the expansion and pluripotency of human iPSCs for cell transplantation therapies.These results suggest that iPSCs overexpressing HSP20 exert regenerative and proliferative effects and may have the potential to improve clinical outcomes.

血清HMGB1、CCL20、HSP27水平与慢性牙周炎患者牙周病变程度的相关性分析

目的探讨血清高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)、CC趋化因子配体20(CCL20)、热休克蛋白27(HSP27)水平与慢性牙周炎(CP)患者牙周病变程度的相关性。方法选取2021年9月至2023年8月在新乡医学院第一附属医院诊治的60例CP患者纳入观察组,根据1∶1原则,另选取同期牙周健康者60例纳入对照组。比较两组及不同牙周病变程度CP患者血清HMGB1、CCL20、HSP27水平,分析各指标水平与CP牙周病变程度的相关性及联合诊断价值,并分析不同血清水平患者发生CP的危险度。结果观察组血清HMGB1、CCL20、HSP27水平高于对照组(P<0.05);不同牙周病变程度CP患者血清HMGB1、CCL20、HSP27水平比较:轻度<中度<重度,且各指标水平与牙周病变程度均呈正相关(P<0.05);入院时HMGB1、CCL20、HSP27水平联合诊断CP的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.905,最佳诊断敏感度为91.67%,特异度为88.33%,约登指数0.800,且各指标高水平患者发生CP的危险度是低水平的1.105倍、1.034倍、1.105倍(P<0.05)。结论HMGB1、CCL20、HSP27在CP患者血清中呈异常高表达,各指标水平与牙周病变程度均呈正相关,且联合检测对CP具有较高诊断价值,可作为临床诊断CP、评估牙周病变程度的有效指标。

拟南芥Hsp20基因家族的特征及其在干旱和盐胁迫下的表达分析

热激蛋白20(heat shock protein 20,Hsp20)是植物响应非生物胁迫时广泛合成的一类功能蛋白质,参与植物的抗逆过程。借助拟南芥基因组数据库,利用生物信息学方法分析Hsp20基因家族。HMMER搜索和蛋白质的理化性质分析表明,拟南芥至少含有30个Hsp20基因,其编码蛋白的分子质量为14.6~41.4 kD,且均含有α-晶状体蛋白结构域。系统发育分析表明,在30个拟南芥Hsp20成员中,22个归属于12个不同的亚家族,其余8个归于未知分类,可能为Hsp20类蛋白质(Hsp20-like)。共线性分析表明,片段复制与串联复制是Hsp20成员的主要扩增事件,大部分Hsp20不含或只含1个内含子。MEME分析结果表明,基序1、2、9是Hsp20共有的保守基序。转录组分析提示,15个Hsp20的表达水平在干旱和(或)盐胁迫后出现了上调,该结果得到了qRT-PCR实验的验证。以上结果为人们进一步探究Hsp20基因的生物学功能提供了理论依据。

Abrogation of heat-shock protein (HSP)70 expression induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3m

Aim: To investigate the effect of abrogating heat shock protein (HSP) 70 expression by antisense HSP70 oligonucleotides treatment on human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3m growth. Methods: PC-3m cells were treated with 0-16 μmol/L antisense HSP70 oligomers for 0-100 hr. Cell growth inhibition was analyzed using a trypan blue dye exclusion test. Apoptotic cells were detected and confirmed by flow cytometric analysis and DNA fragmentation analysis. The protein expression of HSP70 and bcl-2 affected by antisense HSP70 oligomers were determined using Western blot. Results: Antisense HSP70 oligomer induced apoptosis and then inhibited proliferation of PC-3m cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Ladder-like patterns of DNA fragments were observed in PC-3m cells treated with 10 μmol/L antisense HSP70 oligomer for 48 hr or 8 μmol/L for 72 hr on agarose gel electrophoresis. Antisense HSP70 oligomer pretreatment enhanced the subsequent induction of apoptosis by heat shock in PC-3m cells. In addition, undetectable HSP70 expression was observed at a concentration of 10 μmol/L antisense HSP70 oligomer treatment for 48 hr or 8 μmol/L for 72 hr in Western blot, which was paralleled by decreased expression levels of anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2. Conclusion: HSP70 antisense oligomer treatment abrogates the expression of HSP70, which may disrupt HSP70-bcl-2-interactions and further down-regulate bcl-2 expression, in turn inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell growth in PC-3m cells.

cDNA Cloning of Heat Shock Protein Genes and Their Expression in an Indigenous Cryptic Species of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Complex from China

Thermal adaptation plays a fundamental role in shaping the distribution and abundance of insects,and heat shock proteins（Hsps）play important roles in the temperature adaptation of various organisms.To better understand the temperature tolerance of the indigenous ZHJ2-biotype of whitefly Bemisia tabaci species complex,we obtained complete cDNA sequences for hsp90,hsp70,and hsp20 and analyzed their expression profiles under different high temperature treatments by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The high temperature tolerance of B.tabaci ZHJ2-biotype was determined by survival rate after exposure to different high temperatures for 1 h.The results showed that after 41°C heat-shock treatment for 1 h,the survival rates of ZHJ2 adults declined significantly and the estimated temperature required to cause 50% mortality（LT50）is 42.85°C for 1 h.Temperatures for onset（Ton）or maximal（Tmax）induction of hsps expression in B.tabaci ZHJ2-biotype were 35 and 39°C（or 41°C）.Compared with previous studies,indigenous ZHJ2-biotype exhibits lower heat temperature stress tolerance and Ton（or Tmax）than the invasive B-biotype.

What we know about ST13, a co-factor of heat shock protein, or a tumor suppressor?

This article is to summarize the molecular and functional analysis of the gene “suppression of tumorigenicity 13” (ST13). ST13 is in fact the gene encoding Hsp70 interacting protein (Hip), a co-factor (co-chaperone) of the 70-kDa heat shock proteins (Hsc/Hsp70). By collaborating with other positive co-factors such as Hsp40 and the Hsp70-Hsp90 organizing protein (Hop), or competing with negative co-factors such as Bcl2-associated athanogen 1 (Bag1), Hip facilitates may facilitate the chaperone function of Hsc/Hsp70 in protein folding and repair, and in controlling the activity of regulatory proteins such as steroid receptors and regulators of proliferation or apoptosis. Although the nomenclature of ST13 implies a role in the suppression of tumorigenicity (ST), to date available experimental data are not sufficient to support its role in cancer development, except for the possible down-regulation of ST13 in gastric and colorectal cancers. Further investigation of this gene at the physiological level would benefit our understanding of diseases such as endocrinological disorders, cancer, and neurodegeneration commonly associated with protein misfolding.

Heat shock protein inhibitor, quercetin, as a novel adjuvant agent to improve radiofrequency ablation-induced tumor destruction and its molecular mechanism

Background： We investigated the effect of a small molecular inhibitor of heat shock protein （HSP）, qnercetin, on tumor radiofrequency （RF） ablation, and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods： In in vivo study, rats with R3230 breast adenocarcinoma were sacrificed 24 h post-treatment and gross coagulation areas were compared, and next, randomized into four treatment arms （control, quercetin alone, RF alone, and combination） for Kaplan-Meier analysis of defined endpoint survival. Then the distribution and expression levels of heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）, cleaved caspase-3 and heat shock factor 1 （HSF1） were analyzed after different treatments. In in vitro study, we used quercetin to promote SK- HEP-I （hepatic） and MCF-7 （breast） cancer cell apoptosis in heat shock cell model, and siRNA was used to block c-Jun and to explore the role of activating protein-1 （AP-1） signaling pathways. Results： We found the effects of quercetin plus RFA resulted in increase on the tumor destruction/ endpoint survival （26.5±3.4 d） in vivo, compared with RF alone （17.6±2.5 d） and quercetin alone （15.7±3.1 d）. Most importantly, quercetin-induced cancer cell death required the presence of HSF1 in animal model. Furthermore, quercetin directly down-regulated expression of HSF1 in vitro, which our findings have revealed, required the activation of AP-1 signaling pathways by loss-of-function analysis using siRNA mediated targeting of c-Jun. Conclusions： These results indicated a protective role of quercetin in tumor ablation and highlighted a novel mechanism involving HSP70 with HSF1 pathway in thermal ablation of solid tumors.

Novel heat shock protein Hsp70L1 activates dendritic cells and acts as a Th1 polarizing adjuvant

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are reported to act as effective adjuvants to elicit anti-tumor and anti-infection immunity. Here, we report that Hsp70-like protein 1 (Hsp70L1), a novel HSP derived from human dendritic cells (DCs), has potent adjuvant effects that polarize responses toward Th1. With a calculated molecular weight of 54.8 kDa, Hsp70L1 is smaller in size than Hsp70 but resembles it both structurally and functionally. Hsp70L1 shares common receptors on DCs with Hsp70 and can interact with DCs, promoting DC maturation and stimulating secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70), IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the chemokines IP-10, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). The induction of interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) secretion by Hsp70L1 is not shared by Hsp70, and other functional differences include more potent stimulation of DC IL-12p70, CC-chemokine, and CCR7 and CXCR4 expression by Hsp70L1. Immunization of mice with the hybrid peptide Hsp70L1-ovalbumin(OVA)(257-264) induces an OVA(257-264)-specific Th1 response and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) that results in significant inhibition of E.G7-OVA tumor growth. The ability of Hsp70L1 to activate DCs indicates its potential as a novel adjuvant for use with peptide immunizations; the Hsp70L1 antigen peptide hybrid may serve as a more effective vaccine for the control of cancer and infectious diseases.

The Heat Shock Protein Story—From Taking mTORC1,2 and Heat Shock Protein Inhibitors as Therapeutic Measures for Treating Cancers to Development of Cancer Vaccines

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) serve to correct proteins’ conformation, send the damaged proteins for degradation (quality control function). Heat shock factors (HSFs) are their transcription factors. The protein complexes mTOR1 and 2 (with the same core mTOR), the phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), the seine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt), HSF1, plus their associated proteins form a network participating in protein synthesis, bio-energy generation, signaling for apoptosis with the help of HSPs. A cancer cell synthesizes proteins at fast rate and needs more HSPs to work on quality control. Shutting down this network would lead to cell death. Thus inhibitors of mTOR (mTORI) and inhibitors of HSPs (HSPI) could drive cancer cell to apoptosis—a “passive approach”. On the other hand, HSPs form complexes with polypeptides characteristic of the cancer cells;on excretion from the cell, they becomes antigens for the immunity cells, eventually leading to maturation of the cytotoxic T cells, forming the basic principle of preparing cancer-specific, person-specific vaccine. Recent finding shows that HSP70 can penetrate cancer cell and expel its analog to extracellular region, giving the hope to prepare a non-person-specific vaccine covering a variety of cancers. Activation of anti-cancer immunity is the “active approach”. On the other hand, mild hyperthermia, with increase of intracellular HSPs, has been found to activate the immunity response, and demonstrate anti-cancer effects. There are certain “mysteries” behind the mechanisms of the active and passive approaches. We analyze the mechanisms involved and provide explanations to some mysteries. We also suggest future research to improve our understanding of these two approaches, in which HSPs play many roles.

ACUPUNCTURE EFFECTS ON INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE mRNA, iNOS PRODUCT AND HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN IN PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES OF THE MOUSE

To study the acupuncture effects on the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA,iNOS product and heat shock protein(hsp) 70 in the mouse macrophages, after peritoneal stimulation with steriled paraffin oil for 48 h, 24 Kunming mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: a, electroacupuncture (EA) groupl treated with EA; b, control 1 (C 1) group, peritoneal macrophages treated with culture; and c, control 2 (C 2) group, treated with neither EA nor culture. The macrophages of mice in 3 groups collected from respective peritoneal cavities were prepared into two kinds of specimens, including slide and nitrocellulose membrane (NCM). The iNOS mRNA, iNOS and hsp 70 were detected respectively with in situ hybridization, cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and RNA and protein dot blots. The results showed that the signals of iNOS mRNA and iNOS product were localized in the macrophage cytoplasm; the immunoreactivity(IR) of hsp 70 localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. The dot blot signal scanning value of those in 3 groups in comparison with each other showed as follows: EA group>C 2 group>C 1 group, (P<0.01).

Genome-Wide Identification of heat shock protein 10/60 Genes in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and Their Regulated Expression After Bacterial Infection

Heat shock proteins 10/60(hsp10/60)are a family of conserved ubiquitously expressed heat shock proteins which are produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions.Besides the chaperone and housekeeping functions,they are also known to be involved in immune response during bacterial infection.In this study,we identified and annotated 10 hsp10/60 genes through bioinformatic analysis in Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Among them one member of hsp10(hspe)family and nine members of hsp60(hspd)family were identified.Phylogenetic and selection pressure analysis showed that the hsp10/60 genes were evolutionarily constrained and their function was conserved.Besides,hsp10/60 genes were involved in different embryonic and larval stages and acted as the sentinel role in an unchallenged organism.In addition,we also observed the expression patterns of hsp10/60 genes after Edwardsiella tarda infection,for the first time in Japanese flounder.Eight out of 10 genes were differentially expressed after bacterial challenges,the significantly regulated expressions of flounder hsp10/60 genes after bacterial infections suggested their involvement in immune response in flounder.Our results provide valuable information for clarifying the evolutionary relationship,and early insights of the immune functions of hsp10/60 genes in Japanese flounder.

Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on Hsp70 Protein Expression in HaCaT Cells

Ultraviolet radiation by its wavelength is divided into: UVA, UVB and UVC. Only UVA and UVB manage to penetrate the ozone layer, but due to anthropological activities, all of them are capable of interacting with humans to a greater or lesser extent, and can generate adverse effects such as cellular stress when interacting with intra-and extracellular biomolecules. The skin is the first organ in contact with UV radiation, and the stress it generates can be analyzed by the expression of a bioindicator of cellular damage such as Hsp70. Therefore, the objective of the project was: to determine the effect of UVA, UVB and UVC radiation on HaCaT epithelial cells, by analyzing the expression of Hsp70. Materials and methods: HaCaT cells were cultured in vitro, which were irradiated with UVA, UVB and UVC light at different doses, to subsequently determine the degree of Hsp70 expression by Immunodetection by PAGE-SDS and Western Blot. Results: Basal expression of Hsp70 was observed in no irradiated HaCaT cells. When HaCaT cells were irradiated with UVA, UVB, UVC, an increase in this Hsp70 protein was observed. With UVA, a higher degree of expression was observed at a time of 30 minutes of irradiation. With UVB the highest expression shifted to a time of 20 minutes. With UVC, overexpression was observed after 10 minutes. Conclusion: UV radiation generates cellular stress on HaCaT cells, evaluated by the stress bioindicator Hsp70. According to the wavelength of UV radiation, those that have a shorter wavelength have a greater potential for cellular damage, such as UVC.

Enhancing the treatment effects of tumor cell purified autogenous heat shock protein 70-peptide complexes on HER-3-overexpressing breast cancer

Objective The aim of this study was to enhance the treatment effect of tumor purified autogenous heat shock protein 70-peptide complexes(HSP70-PCs)on HER-3-overexpressing breast cancer.Methods In this study,we first studied the expression of HER-3 in breast cancer tissues and its relationship with patient characteristics.We then purified HSP70-PCs from primary breast cancer cells with different HER-2 and HER-3 expression profiles and determined the cytotoxicity of autogenous dendritic cells(DCs)and CD8+T cells induced by these complexes.Third,recombinant human HSP70-HER-3 protein complexes were used to inhibit the autogenous HSP70-PCs purified from HER-3-overexpressing breast cancer cells,and the resulting immunological response was examined.Results The results show that HSP70-PCs can be combined with recombinant HSP70-HER-3 protein complexes to induce stronger immunological responses than autogenous HSP70-PCs alone and that these treatments induce autogenous CD8+T cell killing of HER-3-positive breast cancer cells.Conclusion These findings provide a new direction for HSP70-DC-based immunotherapy for patients with HER-3-overexpressing breast cancer.

Heat shock proteins and immunotherapy

Being one of the most abundant intracellular proteins, heat shock proteins (HSPs) have many housekeeping functions which are crucial for the survival of organisms. In addition, some HSPs are new immunoactive molecules which play important roles in both adaptive and innate immunity. They could activate CD8 + and CD4 + lymphocytes, induce innate immune response including natural killer (NK) cell activation and cytokine secretion, and induce maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). These characteristics have been used for immunotherapy of various types of cancers and infectious diseases. This review focuses on the main HSP families——HSP70 and 90 families. The mechanism of HSPs′ function in eliciting immune response are elucidated and various forms of HSPs used in immunotherapy are discussed in details. At the end of this review, authors summarize clinical trials related to HSPs and evaluate their clinical efficacy.

牛双芽巴贝斯虫GST-HSP20(exon)融合蛋白间接ELISA检测方法的建立

【目的与方法】以纯化的牛双芽巴贝斯虫GST-HSP20(exons)融合蛋白作为检测抗原,通过优化ELISA反应条件,建立了检测牛双芽巴贝斯虫血清特异性抗体的新型间接ELISA方法。【结果】方阵试验确定的GST-HSP20抗原的最适包被浓度为5μg/mL,血清最佳稀释倍数为40倍,ELISA阳性反应的临界值为OD450≥0.292,批内和批间重复试验的变异系数均小于10%。HSP20间接ELISA方法能排除GST的干扰,与其它梨形虫病无交叉反应,与巢式PCR检测方法的阳性符合率为96%。【结论】所建立的ELSIA检测法重复性好、特异性强、灵敏度高。这是国内首次利用重组蛋白建立的牛双芽巴贝斯病血清学诊断方法,为大规模地进行牛巴贝斯虫病的流行病学调查和血清学诊断提供有效的技术手段。

过表达HSP20的慢病毒载体对H_2O_2诱导的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的构建过表达大鼠热休克蛋白20(HSP20)基因慢病毒载体,探讨其对H2O2诱导的大鼠H9C2心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法构建大鼠HSP20基因pHIV-HSP20过表达质粒慢病毒,与包装质粒psPAX2、pMD2G共转染293FT细胞,检测其转染效率;包装慢病毒并转染H9C2心肌细胞;72 h后观察其转染效率,RT-PCR法检测细胞HSP20 mRNA表达,CCK-8、Hochest33258染色法检测H2O2诱导后H9C2心肌细胞凋亡情况。结果成功构建了HSP20慢病毒过表达载体,经293FT细胞包装后,其对H9C2细胞72 h的转染效率为95%;与慢性病毒组比较,H9C2细胞转染72 h后HSP20 mRNA水平显著升高,细胞活力下降,心肌细胞凋亡率明显降低(P均<0.01)。结论过表达HSP20能显著抑制H2O2诱导的H9C2心肌细胞凋亡。

补阳还五汤对心肌梗死大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及Hsp20表达的影响

目的:探讨补阳还五汤对心肌梗死大鼠左室非梗死区心肌细胞凋亡及热休克蛋白20(Hsp20)表达的影响。方法:采用SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠,将大鼠随机分成模型组、补阳还五汤组和假手术组;模型组和补阳还五汤组予结扎左冠状动脉主干造成急性心肌梗死,假手术组行手术操作,但不结扎冠状动动脉;采用TUNEL染色检测3组大鼠心肌细胞凋亡情况,Western-blot法检测3组大鼠心肌细胞中Hsp20和磷酸化-Hsp 20(p-Hsp20)的表达,qPCR法检测Hsp20 mRNA的表达。结果:与假手术组比较,补阳还五汤组的凋亡细胞增多,凋亡指数增加,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与模型组比较,补阳还五汤组细胞凋亡明显减少,凋亡指数降低,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);补阳还五汤组心肌细胞中Hsp20及p-Hsp 20表达较模型组增高,较假手术组降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);补阳还五汤组心肌细胞中Hsp20 mRNA的表达较模型组升高,较假手术组降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:补阳还五汤可能通过促进Hsp20的表达,从而起到抑制心肌细胞凋亡的作用。

不同浓度白藜芦醇对脑缺血-再灌注大鼠HSP20表达的影响

目的探讨不同浓度白藜芦醇对缺血-再灌注脑损伤大鼠神经功能损伤及热休克蛋白20（HSP20）表达的影响。方法将150只健康的成年雄性SD大鼠随机分成五组：假手术组，模型组（I／R组），小剂量白藜芦醇（2．5mS／kg）组，中剂量白藜芦醇（5mS／kg）组，大剂量白藜芦醇（10mS／kg）组，每组30只，制作脑缺血一再灌注大鼠模型，灌注前20min给予生理盐水或不同浓度白藜芦醇腹腔注射，术后6h、24h、48h、72h、7d时间节点分别评定神经功能缺损评分。应用四氮唑红染色（TFC）脑组织后计算脑梗死病灶体积并比较五组的差异；分别应用免疫组织化学染色和Western blot检测缺血脑组织周边区组织的HSP20表达量并比较五组的差异。结果①各组神经功能缺损评分比较：各模型组大鼠在缺血-再灌注后各时间节点均有神经功能缺损，同时白藜芦醇剂量越大，大鼠的神经功能缺损改善越明显；②各组脑梗死病灶体积比较：不同浓度白藜芦醇干预各组大鼠的脑梗死体积显著减少（P〈0．05），且白藜芦醇剂量越大，大鼠的脑梗死体积减少程度越大，呈显著剂量依赖性；③在各个时间点，各组大鼠缺血周边区脑组织的HSP20阳性细胞数为：大剂量白藜芦醇组〉中剂量白藜芦醇组〉小剂量白藜芦醇组〉模型组〉假手术组（P〈0．05），并且白藜芦醇剂量越大，大鼠的HSP20蛋白表达量越多。结论①缺血一再灌注脑损伤过程中，白藜芦醇能有效地保护大鼠脑神经细胞，减少脑梗死体积，改善神经功能缺损评分，这一作用可能是通过促进HSP20表达来完成的；②白藜芦醇对脑缺血一再灌注损伤的保护作用与剂量相关，并且呈现显著剂量依赖性。

阿帕替尼片联合奥沙利铂、替吉奥胶囊对晚期胃癌患者肿瘤标志物及CCL20、HSP70水平的影响

目的 探讨阿帕替尼片联合奥沙利铂、替吉奥胶囊治疗晚期胃癌患者的效果。方法 选取2018年6月至2021年3月收治的80例晚期胃癌患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组采用奥沙利铂^(+)替吉奥胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用阿帕替尼片治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果 观察组的治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗1个月后,观察组的癌抗原125(CA125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、趋化因子配体20(CCL20)、热休克蛋白70(HSP70)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗1个月后,观察组的白细胞分化抗原4阳性(CD4^(+))、白细胞分化抗原4阳性/白细胞分化抗原8阳性(CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))高于对照组,白细胞分化抗原8阳性(CD8^(+))低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 阿帕替尼片联合奥沙利铂、替吉奥胶囊可提高晚期胃癌患者整体疗效,调节肿瘤标志物指标和CCL20、HSP70水平,值得推广。

HSP110 aggravates ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation by promoting NF-κB pathway

Background:Ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)poses a significant challenge to liver transplantation(LT).The underlying mechanism primarily involves overactivation of the immune system.Heat shock protein 110(HSP110)functions as a molecular chaperone that helps stabilize protein structures.Methods:An IRI model was established by performing LT on Sprague-Dawley rats,and HSP110 was silenced using siRNA.Hematoxylin-eosin staining,TUNEL,immunohistochemistry,ELISA and liver enzyme analysis were performed to assess IRI following LT.Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were conducted to investigate the pertinent molecular changes.Results:Our findings revealed a significant increase in the expression of HSP110 at both the mRNA and protein levels in the rat liver following LT(P<0.05).However,when rats were injected with siRNAHSP110,IRI subsequent to LT was notably reduced(P<0.05).Additionally,the levels of liver enzymes and inflammatory chemokines in rat serum were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Silencing HSP110 with siRNA resulted in a marked decrease in M1-type polarization of Kupffer cells in the liver and downregulated the NF-κB pathway in the liver(P<0.05).Conclusions:HSP110 in the liver promotes IRI after LT in rats by activating the NF-κB pathway and inducing M1-type polarization of Kupffer cells.Targeting HSP110 to prevent IRI after LT may represent a promising new approach for the treatment of LT-associated IRI.