Defatted rice bran dietary fiber (DRBDF) was modified by micronization, ultrasound, microwave and extrusion cooking. We investigated the impacts of these physical treatments on the fermentation ability and bile salts ...Defatted rice bran dietary fiber (DRBDF) was modified by micronization, ultrasound, microwave and extrusion cooking. We investigated the impacts of these physical treatments on the fermentation ability and bile salts binding capacity of DRBDF. In-vitro fermentation by human fecal bacteria of modified fibers showed that the major fermentation products were propionic, acetate and butyrate acid. Fermentation of extruded fiber gave the highest amounts of propionic and acetic acid 135.76 and 25.45 mmol/L respectively, while, the fermented product with microwaved fiber had the highest butyric acid content (10.75 mmol/L). The amount of short-chain fatty acid increased from 12 h to 24 h and propionic acid was the predominant. On the other hand,in-vitrobile salts binding showed that extruded fiber had higher affinity with sodium deoxycholate and sodium chenodeoxycholate (66.14% and 30.25% respectively) while microwaved fiber exhibited the highest affinity with sodium taurocholate (14.38%). In the light of obtained results we can affirmed that these physical treatments significantly improved the fermentation products and bile salts binding capacity of DRBDF. Extrusion compared to the other physical treatment methods used in this study has greatly and positively influenced the fermentation and bile binding capacity of DRBDF.展开更多
Based on preparation of co-fermented defatted rice bran(DFRB)using Bacillus subtilis,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Lactobacillus plantarum and phytase,the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cofermented DFRB on ...Based on preparation of co-fermented defatted rice bran(DFRB)using Bacillus subtilis,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Lactobacillus plantarum and phytase,the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cofermented DFRB on growth performance,antioxidant capacity,immune status,gut microbiota and permeability in finishing pigs.Ninety finishing pigs(85.30±0.97 kg)were randomly assigned to 3treatments(3 replicates/treatment)with a basal diet(Ctrl),a basal diet supplemented with 10% unfermented DFRB(UFR),and a basal diet supplemented with 10% fermented DFRB(FR)for 30 d.Results revealed that the diet supplemented with FR notably(P<0.05)improved the average daily gain(ADG),gain to feed ratio(G:F)and the digestibility of crude protein,amino acids and dietary fiber of finishing pigs compared with UFR.Additionally,FR supplementation significantly(P<0.05)increased total antioxidant capacity,the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase,and decreased the content of malonaldehyde in serum.Furthermore,FR remarkably(P<0.05)increased serum levels of Ig G,antiinflammatory cytokines(IL-22 and IL-23)and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β and INF-γ).The decrease of serum diamine oxidase activity and serum D-lactate content in the FR group(P<0.05)suggested an improvement in intestinal permeability.Supplementation of FR also elevated the content of acetate and butyrate in feces(P<0.05).Moreover,FR enhanced gut microbial richness and the abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria such as Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus amylovorus.Correlation analyses indicated dietary fiber in FR was associated with improvements in immune status,intestinal permeability and the level of butyrate-producing microbe C.butyricum,which was also verified by the in vitro fermentation analysis.These findings provided an experimental and theoretical basis for the application of fermented DFRB in finishing pigs.展开更多
【目的】建立复合酶同步酶解脱脂米糠工艺,比较其在酶解前后营养特性的变化,为脱脂米糠高值转化利用提供技术指导。【方法】以脱脂米糠为原料,先经高温糊化和高温α-淀粉酶液化,再经糖化酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶3种酶同步酶解,制备高营养...【目的】建立复合酶同步酶解脱脂米糠工艺,比较其在酶解前后营养特性的变化,为脱脂米糠高值转化利用提供技术指导。【方法】以脱脂米糠为原料,先经高温糊化和高温α-淀粉酶液化,再经糖化酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶3种酶同步酶解,制备高营养价值脱脂米糠复合酶解提取物。以还原糖得率和蛋白提取率为评价指标,针对双评价指标对工艺参数的优化有差异性,运用模糊综合评判模型对工艺参数进行双评价指标综合评判,优化建立糖化酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶3种酶复合酶解工艺。采用冷冻干燥法制备脱脂米糠热水浸提物冻干样、脱脂米糠复合酶解提取物冻干样。参考国标方法,测定脱脂米糠原料、脱脂米糠热水浸提物冻干样和脱脂米糠复合酶解提取物冻干样中固形物含量、碳水化合物物含量、可溶性膳食纤维含量和总蛋白含量,通过比较热水浸提和复合酶酶解后提取物中营养组成变化来评价复合酶解工艺优劣。利用高速氨基酸分析仪测定3种样品中氨基酸含量,并根据FAO/WHO必需氨基酸参考模式,对3种样品中的蛋白进行营养价值评价。【结果】采用模糊综合评判模型确定最佳脱脂米糠复合酶解工艺条件为:复合酶的总添加量3.5%,复合酶添加比例为糖化酶﹕酸性纤维素酶﹕酸性蛋白酶=1﹕3﹕3,酶解p H 4.1,酶解温度57.5℃,料水比1﹕5,酶解时间190 min。采用复合酶同步酶解脱脂米糠时,原料利用率、碳水化合物转化率、可溶性膳食纤维得率和蛋白提取率分别为48.34%、65.33%、6.68%和58.75%,复合酶解提取物蛋白中必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例达到36.93%。与热水浸提相比,采用复合酶解工艺原料利用率、碳水化合物转化率、可溶性膳食纤维提得率和蛋白提取率分别提高了118.73%、90.74%、284.22%和257.14%,必需氨基酸含量提高了276.33%(P<0.05)。与脱脂米糠原料相比,复合酶解提取物中可溶性膳食纤维含量提高13.62%,单位质量固形物蛋白中必需氨基酸含量提高了14.78%,其中赖氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苏氨酸和缬氨酸含量分别提高了35.38%、37.75%、40.06%和7.70%(P<0.05),必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比值(EAA/NEAA)为0.59,更加接近WHO和FAO参考标准值0.6。【结论】采用复合酶解脱脂米糠工艺可以显著提高脱脂米糠原料的利用率,复合酶解提取脱脂米糠后的可溶性固形物、可溶性碳水化合物、可溶性膳食纤维、可溶性蛋白和必需氨基酸含量较热水浸都有显著提高,这为开发脱脂米糠制备功能性食品配料提供了一条可靠途径。展开更多
文摘Defatted rice bran dietary fiber (DRBDF) was modified by micronization, ultrasound, microwave and extrusion cooking. We investigated the impacts of these physical treatments on the fermentation ability and bile salts binding capacity of DRBDF. In-vitro fermentation by human fecal bacteria of modified fibers showed that the major fermentation products were propionic, acetate and butyrate acid. Fermentation of extruded fiber gave the highest amounts of propionic and acetic acid 135.76 and 25.45 mmol/L respectively, while, the fermented product with microwaved fiber had the highest butyric acid content (10.75 mmol/L). The amount of short-chain fatty acid increased from 12 h to 24 h and propionic acid was the predominant. On the other hand,in-vitrobile salts binding showed that extruded fiber had higher affinity with sodium deoxycholate and sodium chenodeoxycholate (66.14% and 30.25% respectively) while microwaved fiber exhibited the highest affinity with sodium taurocholate (14.38%). In the light of obtained results we can affirmed that these physical treatments significantly improved the fermentation products and bile salts binding capacity of DRBDF. Extrusion compared to the other physical treatment methods used in this study has greatly and positively influenced the fermentation and bile binding capacity of DRBDF.
基金Science and Technology Projects of Zhejiang(2022C02043,2021C02008,CTZB-2020080127)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35)National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs。
文摘Based on preparation of co-fermented defatted rice bran(DFRB)using Bacillus subtilis,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Lactobacillus plantarum and phytase,the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cofermented DFRB on growth performance,antioxidant capacity,immune status,gut microbiota and permeability in finishing pigs.Ninety finishing pigs(85.30±0.97 kg)were randomly assigned to 3treatments(3 replicates/treatment)with a basal diet(Ctrl),a basal diet supplemented with 10% unfermented DFRB(UFR),and a basal diet supplemented with 10% fermented DFRB(FR)for 30 d.Results revealed that the diet supplemented with FR notably(P<0.05)improved the average daily gain(ADG),gain to feed ratio(G:F)and the digestibility of crude protein,amino acids and dietary fiber of finishing pigs compared with UFR.Additionally,FR supplementation significantly(P<0.05)increased total antioxidant capacity,the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase,and decreased the content of malonaldehyde in serum.Furthermore,FR remarkably(P<0.05)increased serum levels of Ig G,antiinflammatory cytokines(IL-22 and IL-23)and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β and INF-γ).The decrease of serum diamine oxidase activity and serum D-lactate content in the FR group(P<0.05)suggested an improvement in intestinal permeability.Supplementation of FR also elevated the content of acetate and butyrate in feces(P<0.05).Moreover,FR enhanced gut microbial richness and the abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria such as Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus amylovorus.Correlation analyses indicated dietary fiber in FR was associated with improvements in immune status,intestinal permeability and the level of butyrate-producing microbe C.butyricum,which was also verified by the in vitro fermentation analysis.These findings provided an experimental and theoretical basis for the application of fermented DFRB in finishing pigs.
文摘【目的】建立复合酶同步酶解脱脂米糠工艺,比较其在酶解前后营养特性的变化,为脱脂米糠高值转化利用提供技术指导。【方法】以脱脂米糠为原料,先经高温糊化和高温α-淀粉酶液化,再经糖化酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶3种酶同步酶解,制备高营养价值脱脂米糠复合酶解提取物。以还原糖得率和蛋白提取率为评价指标,针对双评价指标对工艺参数的优化有差异性,运用模糊综合评判模型对工艺参数进行双评价指标综合评判,优化建立糖化酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶3种酶复合酶解工艺。采用冷冻干燥法制备脱脂米糠热水浸提物冻干样、脱脂米糠复合酶解提取物冻干样。参考国标方法,测定脱脂米糠原料、脱脂米糠热水浸提物冻干样和脱脂米糠复合酶解提取物冻干样中固形物含量、碳水化合物物含量、可溶性膳食纤维含量和总蛋白含量,通过比较热水浸提和复合酶酶解后提取物中营养组成变化来评价复合酶解工艺优劣。利用高速氨基酸分析仪测定3种样品中氨基酸含量,并根据FAO/WHO必需氨基酸参考模式,对3种样品中的蛋白进行营养价值评价。【结果】采用模糊综合评判模型确定最佳脱脂米糠复合酶解工艺条件为:复合酶的总添加量3.5%,复合酶添加比例为糖化酶﹕酸性纤维素酶﹕酸性蛋白酶=1﹕3﹕3,酶解p H 4.1,酶解温度57.5℃,料水比1﹕5,酶解时间190 min。采用复合酶同步酶解脱脂米糠时,原料利用率、碳水化合物转化率、可溶性膳食纤维得率和蛋白提取率分别为48.34%、65.33%、6.68%和58.75%,复合酶解提取物蛋白中必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例达到36.93%。与热水浸提相比,采用复合酶解工艺原料利用率、碳水化合物转化率、可溶性膳食纤维提得率和蛋白提取率分别提高了118.73%、90.74%、284.22%和257.14%,必需氨基酸含量提高了276.33%(P<0.05)。与脱脂米糠原料相比,复合酶解提取物中可溶性膳食纤维含量提高13.62%,单位质量固形物蛋白中必需氨基酸含量提高了14.78%,其中赖氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苏氨酸和缬氨酸含量分别提高了35.38%、37.75%、40.06%和7.70%(P<0.05),必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比值(EAA/NEAA)为0.59,更加接近WHO和FAO参考标准值0.6。【结论】采用复合酶解脱脂米糠工艺可以显著提高脱脂米糠原料的利用率,复合酶解提取脱脂米糠后的可溶性固形物、可溶性碳水化合物、可溶性膳食纤维、可溶性蛋白和必需氨基酸含量较热水浸都有显著提高,这为开发脱脂米糠制备功能性食品配料提供了一条可靠途径。
