Adaptive-Reuse of Historic Industrial Buildings and Sites in China

The paper analyzes the definite place of industrial building in the history of urban development. Due to the development of urban economy and the transition of the traditional industrial structure, many historic cities and towns both at home and abroad have witnessed a large scale "demolition" and abandonment of industrial buildings in urban renewal during last 30 years. Consequently, it has been leading to the discontinuity of urban cultural and historic context. The paper discusses and expounds the clas...

New Industrialization: Characteristics, System Development and Implementation Pathway

New industrialization in China, different from its past economic development pattern or patterns in developed nations, is the country’s theoretical innovation based on the positive and negative experiences of industrialization at home and worldwide. New industrialization has various novel characteristics, including new sources of efficiency, new factors of production, new organizational forms, and new constraints. In addition, it has certain particularities arising from modernization with Chinese characteristics. This article summarizes the characteristics of new industrialization from the perspectives of people-centered approach, quality-first concept, independent innovation, green low-carbon economics, digital-real integration, and open circulation. There are four systems for promoting new industrialization: A self-sustained scientific and technological system, a high-end advanced manufacturing system, a green low-carbon circular system, and a division of labor system with domestic and international circulation. The Chinese new industrialization proposes the pathway and policy measures considering the new global situation and the requirements of new goals of strengthening organization and leadership, reducing factor cost, accelerating independent technological innovation, smoothing domestic and international circulation, and optimizing competition environment.

Basic Characteristics of an Appropriate Waste Fillers for Solvent Free and Water-Borne Industrial Polymer Floors and Their Utilization

Recently the manufacture of epoxy coating and flooring materials begun to be under strong pressure to use more environmentally friendly raw materials in its composition.First tendency to reduce of solvents and diluents contained in the materials appeared at the end of 90´s.This situation was supported by the Council of Europe in 2004 to reduce VOC emissions to zero till 2020.Solvent materials were thus largely replaced by solvent free materials from which the volatile substances are not released into the air.But pressure continued to increase,and over the past decade began to take centre stage water-based epoxy.On the Czech market solvent based material is still occasionally used,but predominant are solvent free materials.There are no commonly used materials containing wastes as fillers in new water-borne and solvent-free epoxy materials.Characteristics identification of the waste material as a potential filler is a set of properties that determine the limits of secondary raw materials or waste as a filler.This paper describes the basic characteristics which must be selected to meet the requirements,to affect negatively the workability,sedimentation,properties and behavior of the final floor system.Some materials must comply with special requirements,such as resistance to chemicals,etc.Next part of paper talks about utilization of polymer floors and their mechanical properties.

BUILDING A MODERATELY PROSPEROUS SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS——New-Type Industrialization

After announcing the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020, the Chinese leadership also called for a new path of industrialization, putting a premium on quality and new development concepts. Unlike traditional industrialization in the broad or narrow sense, new-type industrialization features synergy between primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, integration between traditional economy and the new economy, environmental protection, technology progress, and innovation. It represents an inclusive approach to industrial development. At the fundamental level, the success of China’s new-type industrialization can be attributed to China’s inclusive learning and innovations.

Recycling of Old Industrial Buildings in Xichang

With the advent of the post-industrial era, a large number of idle old industrial buildings have been produced in the city. How to deal with idle old industrial buildings has become a reality. Taking the transformation of the factory building of Chang'an Machinery Plant in Xichang for example, the paper analyzed the recycling strategy of old industrial buildings from the basic conditions and transformation contents of the project, re-constructed the new connotation of the building, so as to exert the use value of the old industrial buildings, with a view to providing a reference for the organic renewal and sustainable development of the city.

Review of Renewal Design of Industrial Heritage from the Perspective of Green Buildings

With the acceleration of global economic development and urbanization,industrial transformation and the outstanding ecological environment problems have made industrial heritage renewal receive more and more attention.In recent years,the related research conducted from the perspective of green buildings has also become one of the new hotspots.In this paper,CiteSpace software was used to make an econometric analysis of the related research in this field from 2004 to 2022 in CNKI database from the number of published papers,keyword clustering and emergentwords,and a knowledge chart was drawn.Besides,the development process,evolution trend and frontier hot spot of related research were sorted out and summarized.The results show that ① the green renewal of domestic industrial heritage has experienced three stages:embryonic stage,exploration stage and outbreak stage.②The research focuses on experience summary and project practice exploration.③The research hotspots are mainly distributed in the directions of protection strategy,evaluation system construction,green transformation technology,urban renewal,etc.,and the perspective tends to be diversified and presents the trend of multi-disciplinary intersection.The shortcomings of the research are as follows:industrial heritage research and green building research are relatively independent,and no systematic theoretical system of green transformation of industrial heritage has been formed;there is a lack of relatively comprehensive reconstruction evaluation guidelines,andevaluation models of green transformation of industrial heritage at different levels have not been established.

Efficient Methodology for Design of Industrial Blast Resistant Electrical Substations and Control Buildings

This paper describes economical strategies to design blast resistant electrical substations and control buildings that are commonly used at industrial plants.Limited literature addressed design aspects for this class of buildings.Furthermore,little guidelines are available in practice to regulate this type of steel construction.The first part of the paper overviews the architectural and structural layouts of electrical buildings.Blast resistance requirements for occupied control buildings are also discussed.Simplified multiple degrees of freedom(MDOF)dynamic model is also illustrated that can be utilized for analysis of the blast resistant buildings.The economical aspects and cost savings resulting in using mobile blast resistant buildings are discussed.The article also highlights the engineering challenges that are encountered in design of mobile electrical facilities.The transportation procedure and design requirements are briefly described.Guidelines are proposed to calculate the center of mass of the building combined with interior equipment.The proposed design concept for electrical and control buildings is cost effective and can be implemented in industry to reduce projects cost.

Innovative Thinking on the Renovation Design of Old Industrial Building Space

The current study investigated the value and significance of the existence of the old industrial buildings, as well as the necessity and difficulty to renovate the design. Combined with successful cases, this study analyzed and showed that one should not only deal with the relationship between the original architectural style and construction of modem cities in the process of renovation design of the old industrial building space. More attention should also be paid to create new space to meet the functional requirements of the modem features, and then complete substantial renovation of old industrial building space through the innovative design. In the use of aesthetic innovative design for the renovation of the old industrial building space, people must respect the space of old industrial buildings as the prerequisite of the renovation design. It is needed to expound the local space reconstruction methods and design principles respectively on the basis of respect. And then one should grasp the whole space and make the structured design and reasonable use according to the new space functional requirements of different functional areas. This paper attempted to learn from environmental art study on the renovation of old industrial buildings space and in terms of innovative design. The authors explored the innovative thinking on the renovation design of old industrial building space through the analysis of the reality.

A Study on the Reuse Modes and Renovation Strategies of Contemporary Chinese Urban Industrial Buildings

With the progress of urbanization in China,the pace of urban renewal is accelerating.Various factors have prompted the transformation of industrial buildings in the city.Following the transformation,old industrial buildings have shown a new look with diversification and modernization.This article briefly describes contemporary China.The background of industrial building renovation and the analysis of the redevelopment and utilization modes as well as renovation strategies in conjunction with case studies provide a summary and enlightenment for the renovation of industrial heritage buildings in the city.

Evaluation of Energy Consumption for Heating of Industrial Building in-Situ

Because of the high energy demand required to heat a production hall, the aim of this project is to find out whether it is possible to verify the heating consuming process for heating with the standard simplified calculation method [1], especially for cold regions such as Kosice (Slovakia). The energy requirement for heating a case study industrial building was evaluated using measurements and calculations.During the winter period, energy consumption was measured in the selected industrial building according to a validation standard [2]. The building is comprised of two halls. The measurements were analyzed according to the criteria used for validating residential and public buildings, with several regression dependencies taken into account in the resulting evaluation of heating energy consumption. The mathematical dependencies of measured values in real conditions are shown in this paper. In addition, the building’s heating energy demand was calculated according to the Austrian standard [3], ?NORM EN ISO 13790, the simplified calculation method for non-residential buildings. It was investigated whether the measured values could be replicated using this calculation. It was found that the precise definition of the internal heat gains is very important.

Study on the Application of Industrial Style Design in Railway Station Buildings along the Zhengzhou-Wanzhou High Speed Railway

With the improvement of economy and living quality,station buildings of high speed railway are no longer just a space to filfill the transport finction.As a business card of cities,station buildings of high speed railway prefer unique interior design,so the industrial style design featuring simplicity and variety gradually becomes a design trend.Taking the interior design of Changgebei Railway Station and Fangcheng Railway Station as an example,the paper analyzes the application of the industrial style design to high speed railway station buildings in three aspects:project overview,interior design and key issues of construction,and then reflects on and sums up the advantages and disadvantages of the design and construction.The two station buildings,among a very small quantity of station buildings nationwide where the industrial style design is adopted,provide experience and lessons while exploring a new direction for fiuture interior design of station buildings of high speed railway.

A theoretical study on gaseous pollutant flushing of natural ventilation driven by buoyancy forces in industrial buildings

The acceleration of industrialization worsening indoor environments of industrial buildings has drawn more attention in recent years.Natural ventilation can improve indoor air quality(IAQ)and reduce carbon emissions.To evaluate gaseous pollutant levels in industrial buildings for the development of buoyancy-driven natural ventilation,two theoretical models of pollutant flushing(Model I and Model II)are developed based on the existing thermal stratification theory in combination with the mixing characteristics of lower pollutant.The results show that indoor pollutant flushing is mainly dependent on the pollution source intensity and effective ventilation area.The mixing characteristics of lower pollutant has an important effect on pollutant stratification and evolution during ventilation,but it does not change the prediction results at steady state.When the dimensionless pollution source intensity is larger than 1,the pollution source should be cleaned up or other ventilation methods should be used instead to improve IAQ.In addition,the comparisons between Model I and Model II on instantaneous pollutant concentration are significantly influenced by the pollution source intensity,and the actual pollutant concentration is more likely to be between the predicted values of Model I and Model II.To reduce pollutant concentration to a required level,the pollution source intensity should be in a certain range.The theoretical models as well as the necessary conditions for ventilation effectiveness obtained can be used for the ventilation optimization design of industrial buildings.

Running States of China's Iron & Steel,Nonferrous,and Building Materials Industries in 2012

Iron ＆ Steel Industry China＇s outputs of crude steel, steel products, coke and ferrous alloys in 2012 were 716.54 million tons （up 3.1% YOY）, 051.86 million tons （up 7.7% YOY）, 443.23 million tons （up 5.2% YOY） and 31.29 million tons （up 15% YOY）,

Defects in Concrete Elements: A Study of Residential Buildings of 30 Years and above in Onitsha Metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria

Building defect is an issue in existing buildings that needs urgent tackling to prevent further problems. This study assessed the defects in concrete elements in residential buildings of 30 years and above in the Onitsha metropolis of Anambra State, Nigeria. Data collection instruments in the study include structured questionnaire, interviews, visual inspection/observations, archival records, recordings, photographs;and non-destructive testing of the concrete elements in an existing building in the study area. The population of this study constituted of the construction registered professionals and the existing buildings in study area. The sample for the study was based on the calculated sample size using Taro Yamani Formula. A total of 158 registered professionals were sampled from the population of 260. The questionnaires were purposively distributed to the registered professionals up to the required sample sizes of 158 and 129 questionnaires were properly filled and returned. The study used the SPSS and Microsoft Excel to analyze the data. The results were analyzed in percentages and figures using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of pie charts and tables. The finding of the study revealed that the causes and effects of structural defects on the concrete elements in existing buildings in the study area according to the rating are;exposed/corrosion of the embedded metals, faulty workmanship, overload and impacts, chemical attack, freeze-thaw deterioration, fire/heat, restraint to volume change. The visual observation revealed that the structural elements are characterized by heavy defects such as deep vertical, horizontal and diagonal cracks, exposed/ corrosion of the embedded metals, spalling of the concrete slabs. The existence of defects in the concrete members led to the low compressive strength of the concrete elements and the structural instability of the existing buildings as revealed by the non-destructive test. The non-destructive test result revealed that most of the tested concrete elements have low compressive strength value and such were remarked poor as they did not satisfy the assumed value. Essentially, the study concluded by recommending that regular monitoring, inspections and non-destructive testing of concrete elements should be conducted on existing aged and defected buildings to detect the structural stability of the buildings;and it is imperative to evacuate occupants from heavy structurally deteriorated and defected buildings since most of them have lost their residual design life span and ability to sustain imposed loads.

Imperatives for Academia-Industry Collaboration in Building Construction Research in Ghana

Academia and industry research enables researchers to conduct research projects that are more relevant to current business practices and context. Although, several construction research works have been done by the academics in the tertiary institutions in Ghana, it is sad to know that, a large number of these research works have not moved from the pure stage to the applied stage. This study seeks to establish the imperative of academia and industry collaboration in building research in Ghana. A total of 116 construction practising professionals consisting of Ghana Institute of Construction (GIOC) corporate members (QS, Architects, Engineers and so on) from the industry, and academics from tertiary academic institutions (That’s, Lecturers from KNUST and UEW) that run postgraduate construction programmes in Ghana as at February 2016 constituted the respondents for this study. Census and systematic sampling techniques were used for the sampled population. Descriptive statistics was employed in the data analysis for the mean and standard deviation (SD) score values of variables. The most imperatives for academia and industry collaboration were found to be: ensuring research findings solve socio-economic and development problems, the intermittent collapse of buildings, support for the local industries to produce quality materials locally to feed the construction industry, proper contract documentations and administration. This research would bring to light the urgent issues in the construction industry that calls for greater collaboration between the academia and industry in Ghana. It reveals a deeper understanding on the need for collaborative research in the Ghanaian construction industry, by providing the most imperatives to academia-industry collaborative research in Ghana.

Development of Tender Price Indices for the Ghanaian Building Industry

Tender price indices (TPI) remain an optimum process for predicting tender prices. There have been several indices’ developments in the Ghanaian Building Industry (GBI) to help in cost management practices, for instance, building cost indices, and material indices among others. Notwithstanding, there are no indices for forecasting tender price at the design stage of building projects in the Ghanaian Building Industry. The motivation of this study is to develop tender price indices that would facilitate easy prediction of the initial cost of building projects. Through a thorough literature review and secondary data collection, the index was formulated using Laspeyres with Excel spreadsheet for the actual index. The variables considered include preliminaries and measured work sections which include the substructure, concrete work, reinforcement, masonry, lining/sheathing, window/door/stairs, metalwork, surface finishes, sanitary appliances/fitting and electrical supply/power light system of the Bills of Quantities. The finding of the study shows that on average there is a change in price of about 4.42 per cent within the eight-year period from 2008 to 2016. The study has developed tender price indices for the Ghanaian Building industry for the facilitation of the easy prediction of the tender prices at the initial design stage, however, the indices have an error margin of ±3. The development of these indices will serve as the basis for further development of other indices in GBI such as locational indices and value-based indices for effective cost management practices.

Building the Green Industry in Qaidam Basin on the Basis of Multidiscipline Studies of Salinology

Thanks to the efforts on prospecting and exploiting of salt lakes,new cities and towns have grown up in Qaidam Basin,which used to be untraversed deserts and saline and alkaline lands.And these progress have made great

Human Resource Management in the Building Industry： International Comparison

This paper summarizes the results of the international questionnaire survey which took place at the start of 2013 in order to examine, judge, and compare the implemented concept and procedures of human resource management in the questioned building companies operating in the Visegrad Four countries （the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and the Slovak Republic） and the Federal Republic of Germany, and proposes an optimal approach to human resource management in the context of the current and expected economic development. The questionnaire survey was based on the assumption that effective human resource management is a condition of the successful function of each building company and that human resource management is that area of management which distinguishes the successful building companies from the unsuccessful ones. In total, 202 companies from the Czech Republic, 105 companies from Hungary, 100 companies from Poland, 102 companies from the Slovak Republic, and 99 companies from the Federal Republic of Germany took part in the questionnaire survey. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that among the building companies questioned in individual countries, there was no substantial difference in the overall concept and in the partial procedures of human resource management. The implemented concept and procedures in the questioned building companies show significant merits and surprising shortcomings, whereas it is difficult to prove an unequivocal connection between the efficiency of human resource management and the success of building companies. This relationship is determined by a series of other political, economic, legal, social, cultural, technical, demographic, and natural effects which are not related to the efficiency of human resource management or to the performance of the workforce of building companies.

China's Building Materials Industry

China’s building materials industry experienced great development in 1993 with rapid increases in production and record output and profits. The industry produced 360 million tons of cement, 96.163 million cases of plate glass, 20.4 million pieces of sanitation ceramics and 173 million square metres of construction ceramics, showing rises of 12.89, 12.83, 123.8 and 127 percent respectively over the previous year. The output of cement and

Human Resource Controlling and Human Resource Management： Practice of Small and Medium-Sized Building Companies in the Czech Republic

The aim of this paper is to define the nature, present the possibilities, and discuss the problems of using human resource controlling in small and medium-sized building companies. This paper is based on the assumption that expedient human resource controlling is an effective human resource management tool that achieves the required performance of employees and expected competitiveness of a building company. This paper uses the results of a questionnaire survey conducted in November 2013 to analyze human resource management in building companies in the Czech Republic and specify the organization and conditions of human resource management. Some 81 small （less than 50 employees） and 66 medium-sized （50-249 employees） building companies operating in the Czech Republic took part in the questionnaire survey. The results of the questionnaire survey showed the lack of concept and random nature of human resource management in most small and medium-sized building companies. Of course, in terms of the present economic trend, it is above all important for small and medium-sized companies to develop their adaptability to the building market and to be able to deal with a variety of construction works. It is effective human resource management supported by expedient human resources that serves this purpose.