针对车辆的换算系数,现有研究较多集中于静态车辆换算系数,但静态车辆换算系数无法准确描述拥挤状态下车辆间的交互影响,未充分考虑车辆在不同交通状态下相互作用的动态变化对车辆换算系数取值的影响。为了能够适应动态交通的演化,以棋...针对车辆的换算系数,现有研究较多集中于静态车辆换算系数,但静态车辆换算系数无法准确描述拥挤状态下车辆间的交互影响,未充分考虑车辆在不同交通状态下相互作用的动态变化对车辆换算系数取值的影响。为了能够适应动态交通的演化,以棋盘式路网为研究对象,利用宏观基本图(Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram,MFD)分析了宏观基本图曲线对大型车比例的敏感性,并针对不同的交通状态提出了相应的车辆换算系数计算方法。首先构建路网微观仿真模型,利用微观仿真试验证实了路网宏观基本图的存在;然后根据仿真数据采用分段函数拟合MFD曲线,通过改变大型车的比例设计多组仿真试验,并绘制出不同大型车比例下的MFD图形,分别从定性和定量2个层面分析宏观基本图曲线对车型比例的敏感性;最后根据敏感性分析结果,利用宏观基本图提出了一种针对不同交通状态的车辆换算系数计算方法。结果表明:当路网处于非拥挤状态时,对应于MFD曲线的上升段和持续段,车辆换算系数取值仅与大型车比例有关;而当路网处于拥挤状态时,对应于MFD曲线的下降段,车辆换算系数取值不受大型车比例的影响,其仅与路网存在车辆数有关。所提方法和思想为理解车型构成对路网交通状态的影响提供了新思路,有助于为交通规划和管理部门提供政策支撑。展开更多
Ramps are vital pieces of infrastructure connecting city traffic networks to freeways.The performance of a ramp is to some extent determined by the on-ramp lane arrangement.In this paper,our primary aim is to evaluate...Ramps are vital pieces of infrastructure connecting city traffic networks to freeways.The performance of a ramp is to some extent determined by the on-ramp lane arrangement.In this paper,our primary aim is to evaluate the performance in terms of travel time and vehicle emissions for two on-ramp lane arrangements:added lane and zip merging.We estimate the travel time and CO_(2) emissions on the basis of the speed,and acceleration of vehicles in accordance with the improved comprehensive modal emission model(CMEM),and then analyse the impacts of traffic volume and heavy goods vehicles(HGVs)on travel time and emissions.The impacts of main road traffic flow on travel time and emissions for the two on-ramp lane arrangements are analysed under scenarios with traffic volumes of 800,1000,1200,1400,1600 and 1800 vehs/h/lane.Meanwhile,the relationships between travel time,emissions and various proportions of HGVs(2%,4%,6%,8%and 10%)for both on-ramp lane arrangements are evaluated as well.We eventually present emission contour charts for the two onramp lane arrangements based on the possible combinations of traffic volumes and HGV percentages.展开更多
文摘针对车辆的换算系数,现有研究较多集中于静态车辆换算系数,但静态车辆换算系数无法准确描述拥挤状态下车辆间的交互影响,未充分考虑车辆在不同交通状态下相互作用的动态变化对车辆换算系数取值的影响。为了能够适应动态交通的演化,以棋盘式路网为研究对象,利用宏观基本图(Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram,MFD)分析了宏观基本图曲线对大型车比例的敏感性,并针对不同的交通状态提出了相应的车辆换算系数计算方法。首先构建路网微观仿真模型,利用微观仿真试验证实了路网宏观基本图的存在;然后根据仿真数据采用分段函数拟合MFD曲线,通过改变大型车的比例设计多组仿真试验,并绘制出不同大型车比例下的MFD图形,分别从定性和定量2个层面分析宏观基本图曲线对车型比例的敏感性;最后根据敏感性分析结果,利用宏观基本图提出了一种针对不同交通状态的车辆换算系数计算方法。结果表明:当路网处于非拥挤状态时,对应于MFD曲线的上升段和持续段,车辆换算系数取值仅与大型车比例有关;而当路网处于拥挤状态时,对应于MFD曲线的下降段,车辆换算系数取值不受大型车比例的影响,其仅与路网存在车辆数有关。所提方法和思想为理解车型构成对路网交通状态的影响提供了新思路,有助于为交通规划和管理部门提供政策支撑。
文摘Ramps are vital pieces of infrastructure connecting city traffic networks to freeways.The performance of a ramp is to some extent determined by the on-ramp lane arrangement.In this paper,our primary aim is to evaluate the performance in terms of travel time and vehicle emissions for two on-ramp lane arrangements:added lane and zip merging.We estimate the travel time and CO_(2) emissions on the basis of the speed,and acceleration of vehicles in accordance with the improved comprehensive modal emission model(CMEM),and then analyse the impacts of traffic volume and heavy goods vehicles(HGVs)on travel time and emissions.The impacts of main road traffic flow on travel time and emissions for the two on-ramp lane arrangements are analysed under scenarios with traffic volumes of 800,1000,1200,1400,1600 and 1800 vehs/h/lane.Meanwhile,the relationships between travel time,emissions and various proportions of HGVs(2%,4%,6%,8%and 10%)for both on-ramp lane arrangements are evaluated as well.We eventually present emission contour charts for the two onramp lane arrangements based on the possible combinations of traffic volumes and HGV percentages.
