Aerosol samples were collected at altitudes from 584 m a.s.l.to 3,804 m a.s.l.at seven sites of the eastern Tianshan.The occurrence,distribution,and possible sources of 47 trace metals—including alkali metals and alk...Aerosol samples were collected at altitudes from 584 m a.s.l.to 3,804 m a.s.l.at seven sites of the eastern Tianshan.The occurrence,distribution,and possible sources of 47 trace metals—including alkali metals and alkali earth metals,transition metals,lanthanoids,and heavy metals—were investigated.It was found that four sampling sites(Shuinichang,1,691 m a.s.l.;Urumqi City,809 m a.s.l.;Fu Kang Station,584 m a.s.l.;and Bogeda Glacier No.4,3,613 m a.s.l.)were contaminated mainly by heavy metals.Other three high-altitude sites(Urumqi Glacier No.1,3,804 m a.s.l.;Wang Feng road-maintenance station,3,039 m a.s.l.;and Tianshan Glaciology Station,2,135 m a.s.l.)were not polluted.The aerosol particles were clustered into two dominant types:crust-originated particles and pollution-derived particles.Aerosols from UG1,WF,and TGS were characterized by crust-originated particles such as clay,plagioclase,dolomite,alkali feldspar,and biotite;while those from SNC,Urumqi,FK,and BG4 were characterized by high content of Cl-rich particles,S-rich particles,and soot.The backward-trajectories results indicated that air masses arriving at SNC,Urumqi,FK,and BG4 were identified as the more polluted source,when compared to the short-range air mass transport from the North to UGI and WF.Relatively lower altitude,as well as terrain blocking,might be another important reason for the gradient difference in pollution influence among these seven places in the Urumqi River Basin.展开更多
Daily samples of aerosol（n=27） were collected from September 21 st to October 4th, 2013 in Fukang（44.17°N, 88.45°E, 475 m a.s.l.）, Xinjiang, Northwest China. The enrichment factors（EFc） of selected 49 ...Daily samples of aerosol（n=27） were collected from September 21 st to October 4th, 2013 in Fukang（44.17°N, 88.45°E, 475 m a.s.l.）, Xinjiang, Northwest China. The enrichment factors（EFc） of selected 49 elements showed that the aerosols had extremely high concentrations of heavy metals, probably indicating their anthropogenic origins. Morphology of individual aerosol particles was determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Based on morphology and elemental composition, the particles were clustered into three dominant types：（Ⅰ） crustal originated particles： Si/Al-rich particles（36%） and Si/Fe-rich particles（24%）;（Ⅱ） mixed source particles; and（Ⅲ） pollution derived particles： Pb-rich particles（10%）. The backward trajectories were calculated using the HYSPLIT model, and the results indicated the different anthropogenic sources for heavy metals in Fukang aerosols. Air mass from north was identified as the most polluted source when compared to south and west.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41201065 41121001, 41261017, 41171057, 41161012)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China (41121001)+3 种基金the foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars of CAREERI, CAS (51Y251B51)the SKLCS foundation (Grant No. SKLCSZZ-2012-01-01)the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB951003, 2010CB951404)the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-EW-311)
文摘Aerosol samples were collected at altitudes from 584 m a.s.l.to 3,804 m a.s.l.at seven sites of the eastern Tianshan.The occurrence,distribution,and possible sources of 47 trace metals—including alkali metals and alkali earth metals,transition metals,lanthanoids,and heavy metals—were investigated.It was found that four sampling sites(Shuinichang,1,691 m a.s.l.;Urumqi City,809 m a.s.l.;Fu Kang Station,584 m a.s.l.;and Bogeda Glacier No.4,3,613 m a.s.l.)were contaminated mainly by heavy metals.Other three high-altitude sites(Urumqi Glacier No.1,3,804 m a.s.l.;Wang Feng road-maintenance station,3,039 m a.s.l.;and Tianshan Glaciology Station,2,135 m a.s.l.)were not polluted.The aerosol particles were clustered into two dominant types:crust-originated particles and pollution-derived particles.Aerosols from UG1,WF,and TGS were characterized by crust-originated particles such as clay,plagioclase,dolomite,alkali feldspar,and biotite;while those from SNC,Urumqi,FK,and BG4 were characterized by high content of Cl-rich particles,S-rich particles,and soot.The backward-trajectories results indicated that air masses arriving at SNC,Urumqi,FK,and BG4 were identified as the more polluted source,when compared to the short-range air mass transport from the North to UGI and WF.Relatively lower altitude,as well as terrain blocking,might be another important reason for the gradient difference in pollution influence among these seven places in the Urumqi River Basin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41201065,41121001,41261017,41171057,41161012)the fund for Creative Research Groups of China(No.41121001)+3 种基金the foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars of CAREERI,CAS(No.51Y251B51)the SKLCS Foundation(No.SKLCSZZ-201201-01)the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2010CB951003,2010CB951404)the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2EW-311)
文摘Daily samples of aerosol（n=27） were collected from September 21 st to October 4th, 2013 in Fukang（44.17°N, 88.45°E, 475 m a.s.l.）, Xinjiang, Northwest China. The enrichment factors（EFc） of selected 49 elements showed that the aerosols had extremely high concentrations of heavy metals, probably indicating their anthropogenic origins. Morphology of individual aerosol particles was determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Based on morphology and elemental composition, the particles were clustered into three dominant types：（Ⅰ） crustal originated particles： Si/Al-rich particles（36%） and Si/Fe-rich particles（24%）;（Ⅱ） mixed source particles; and（Ⅲ） pollution derived particles： Pb-rich particles（10%）. The backward trajectories were calculated using the HYSPLIT model, and the results indicated the different anthropogenic sources for heavy metals in Fukang aerosols. Air mass from north was identified as the most polluted source when compared to south and west.
