By using regular meteorological data, physical quantity fields, satellite pictures and Doppler radar echo data, we analyze the mesoscale features and the conditions of 4 successive heavy precipitation processes in Yun...By using regular meteorological data, physical quantity fields, satellite pictures and Doppler radar echo data, we analyze the mesoscale features and the conditions of 4 successive heavy precipitation processes in Yunnan aroused by the storm over the Bay in the early summer. The results show that the life of the storm over the Bay is usual 2 or 3 days and the cloud top temperature of the storm is always below -65℃. The storm over the Bay affects Yunnan by mesoscale convective cloud clusters, cloud system in peripheral or weaken itse,fmoving to the northeast. The Tibetan Plateau shear lines and vortexes, NE-SW convergence channels and southwest wind convergence supply favorable circulation background and dynamical conditions. There are many common features about Doppler radar echoes, the flocculent echoes with intensity about 35-45 dBZ move to the east to produce successive precipitation in Yunnan, and the mesoscale features of southwest jet and wind veering with altitude not only are favorable to transport warm and moist airflow brought to the north by the storm over the Bay. but also are favorable to convective development.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim was to study the heavy rainstorm by tropical storm ＂Meari＂ in Liaoning. [ Method] Based on the ground data, radar data, numerical report data, encrypted automatic station and NCEP reanalysis dat...[ Objective] The aim was to study the heavy rainstorm by tropical storm ＂Meari＂ in Liaoning. [ Method] Based on the ground data, radar data, numerical report data, encrypted automatic station and NCEP reanalysis data, the heavy rain process by tropical storm ＂ Meari＂ was ana- lyzed. The changes of each physical quantity were discussed while the tropical storm moving northward. [ Result] The subtropical high pressure and Mainland high pressure jointed and maintained, forced ＂ Meari＂ turned northwest. The low-level southeast jet by ＂Meari＂ provided full water trans- mission and layer unstable conditions. The heavy rain mainly distributed in the tongue area of high energy, and the total energy was a key index to predict the rainfall area. [ Condusion] The study provided reference for the report business.展开更多
The pollutants in urban storm runoff, which lead to an non-point source contamination of water environment around cities, are of great concems. The distributions of typical contaminants and the variations of their spe...The pollutants in urban storm runoff, which lead to an non-point source contamination of water environment around cities, are of great concems. The distributions of typical contaminants and the variations of their species in short term storm runoff from different land surfaces in Xiamen City were investigated. The concentrations of various contaminants, including organic matter, nutrients （i.e., N and P） and heavy metals, were significantly higher in parking lot and road runoff than those in roof and lawn runoff. The early runoff samples from traffic road and parking lot contained much high total nitrogen （TN 6-19 mg/L） and total phosphorus （TP 1-3 mg/L）. A large proportion （around 60%） of TN existed as total dissolved nitrogen （TDN） species in most runoff. The percentage of TDN and the percentage of total dissolved phosphorus remained relatively stable during the rain events and did not decrease as dramatically as TN and TP. In addition, only parking lot and road runoff were contaminated by heavy metals, and both Pb （25-120 μg/L） and Zn （0.1-1.2 mg/L） were major heavy metals contaminating both runoff. Soluble Pb and Zn were predominantly existed as labile complex species （50%-99%）, which may be adsorbed onto the surfaces of suspended particles and could be easily released out when pH decreased. This would have the great impact to the environment.展开更多
The prevailing mesoscale model MM5 (V3) is used to simulate a heavy rain case caused by interac- tion between a move-in front and topographical heterogeneities on Taiwan Island. It is found that both thermodynamic a...The prevailing mesoscale model MM5 (V3) is used to simulate a heavy rain case caused by interac- tion between a move-in front and topographical heterogeneities on Taiwan Island. It is found that both thermodynamic and dynamic ?elds along the front are heterogeneous in time and space. The heterogene- ity becomes more signi?cant as the e?ect of topography is added on. The heterogeneous distribution of physical variables along the front is the main reason for the heterogeneous frontal rain band; the optimum cooperation of the low level and upper level jet is another reason for the development of the rain band. Topography can strengthen the rainfall and causes extremely heavy rain cells. Updraft induced by topog- raphy extends to a rather low level, while the uplifted air by frontal circulation can reach to higher levels. The quasi-steady topographic circulation overlaps the frontal circulation when the front moves over Taiwan Island; the advantageous cooperation of various mesoscale conditions causes the large upward velocity on the windward side of the island.展开更多
基金Project of China Meteorological Administrator (2006): "Operation System R&D of YunnanLightning Observation and Forecast"
文摘By using regular meteorological data, physical quantity fields, satellite pictures and Doppler radar echo data, we analyze the mesoscale features and the conditions of 4 successive heavy precipitation processes in Yunnan aroused by the storm over the Bay in the early summer. The results show that the life of the storm over the Bay is usual 2 or 3 days and the cloud top temperature of the storm is always below -65℃. The storm over the Bay affects Yunnan by mesoscale convective cloud clusters, cloud system in peripheral or weaken itse,fmoving to the northeast. The Tibetan Plateau shear lines and vortexes, NE-SW convergence channels and southwest wind convergence supply favorable circulation background and dynamical conditions. There are many common features about Doppler radar echoes, the flocculent echoes with intensity about 35-45 dBZ move to the east to produce successive precipitation in Yunnan, and the mesoscale features of southwest jet and wind veering with altitude not only are favorable to transport warm and moist airflow brought to the north by the storm over the Bay. but also are favorable to convective development.
文摘[ Objective] The aim was to study the heavy rainstorm by tropical storm ＂Meari＂ in Liaoning. [ Method] Based on the ground data, radar data, numerical report data, encrypted automatic station and NCEP reanalysis data, the heavy rain process by tropical storm ＂ Meari＂ was ana- lyzed. The changes of each physical quantity were discussed while the tropical storm moving northward. [ Result] The subtropical high pressure and Mainland high pressure jointed and maintained, forced ＂ Meari＂ turned northwest. The low-level southeast jet by ＂Meari＂ provided full water trans- mission and layer unstable conditions. The heavy rain mainly distributed in the tongue area of high energy, and the total energy was a key index to predict the rainfall area. [ Condusion] The study provided reference for the report business.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Young Scientists in Frontier Research (No.07l4161b10)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20807033)
文摘The pollutants in urban storm runoff, which lead to an non-point source contamination of water environment around cities, are of great concems. The distributions of typical contaminants and the variations of their species in short term storm runoff from different land surfaces in Xiamen City were investigated. The concentrations of various contaminants, including organic matter, nutrients （i.e., N and P） and heavy metals, were significantly higher in parking lot and road runoff than those in roof and lawn runoff. The early runoff samples from traffic road and parking lot contained much high total nitrogen （TN 6-19 mg/L） and total phosphorus （TP 1-3 mg/L）. A large proportion （around 60%） of TN existed as total dissolved nitrogen （TDN） species in most runoff. The percentage of TDN and the percentage of total dissolved phosphorus remained relatively stable during the rain events and did not decrease as dramatically as TN and TP. In addition, only parking lot and road runoff were contaminated by heavy metals, and both Pb （25-120 μg/L） and Zn （0.1-1.2 mg/L） were major heavy metals contaminating both runoff. Soluble Pb and Zn were predominantly existed as labile complex species （50%-99%）, which may be adsorbed onto the surfaces of suspended particles and could be easily released out when pH decreased. This would have the great impact to the environment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40175012 , 90302015)The Innovation Program of Chincse Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZKCX2-sw-210) the National Key Basic Research Development Progran of MSTC(Grant No.G1999043400).
文摘The prevailing mesoscale model MM5 (V3) is used to simulate a heavy rain case caused by interac- tion between a move-in front and topographical heterogeneities on Taiwan Island. It is found that both thermodynamic and dynamic ?elds along the front are heterogeneous in time and space. The heterogene- ity becomes more signi?cant as the e?ect of topography is added on. The heterogeneous distribution of physical variables along the front is the main reason for the heterogeneous frontal rain band; the optimum cooperation of the low level and upper level jet is another reason for the development of the rain band. Topography can strengthen the rainfall and causes extremely heavy rain cells. Updraft induced by topog- raphy extends to a rather low level, while the uplifted air by frontal circulation can reach to higher levels. The quasi-steady topographic circulation overlaps the frontal circulation when the front moves over Taiwan Island; the advantageous cooperation of various mesoscale conditions causes the large upward velocity on the windward side of the island.
