Drip fertigation and plant hedgerows significantly reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses and maintain high fruit yields in intensive orchards

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of drip fertigation combined with plant hedgerows on nitrogen and phosphorus runoff losses in intensive pear orchards in the Tai Lake Basin.Nitrogen and phosphorus runoff over a whole year were measured by using successional runoff water collection devices.The four experimental treatments were conventional fertilization(CK),drip fertigation(DF),conventional fertilization combined with plant hedgerows(C+H),and drip fertigation combined with plant hedgerows(D+H).The results from one year of continuous monitoring showed a significant positive correlation between precipitation and surface runoff discharge.Surface runoff discharge under the treatments without plant hedgerows totaled 15.86%of precipitation,while surface runoff discharge under the treatments with plant hedgerows totaled 12.82%of precipitation.Plant hedgerows reduced the number of runoff events and the amount of surface runoff.Precipitation is the main driving force for the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface runoff,and fertilization is an important factor affecting the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus.In CK,approximately 7.36%of nitrogen and 2.63%of phosphorus from fertilization entered the surface water through runoff.Drip fertigation reduced the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the surface soil and lowered the runoff loss concentrations of total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP).Drip fertigation combined with plant hedgerows significantly reduced the overall TN and TP losses by 45.38 and 36.81%,respectively,in comparison to the CK totals.Drip fertigation increased the vertical migration depth of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and reduced the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the surface soil,which increased the pear yield.The promotion of drip fertigation combined with plant hedgerows will greatly reduce the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus to runoff and maintain the high fruit yields in the intensive orchards of the Tai Lake Basin.

Nitrogen Mineralization of Prunings of Six N_2-Fixing Hedgerow Species in a Dry Valley of the Jinsha River

A litterbag experiment of 12 weeks was conducted to study nitrogenmineralization process of prunings of six nitrogen-fixing hedgerowspecies in a dry valley of the Jinsha River. Prunigns wereincorporated into soil or used as mulch. The results indicated thatpruning N of the six hedgerow species was mineralized fast in thefirst week and then decreased slowly in the rest of the study period.When prunings were incorporated into soil, the amount of nitrogenmineralized by the end of the first week accounted for 69.9/100,58.2/100, 54.5/100, 43.0/100, 29.6/100 and 20.6/100 of the total N inprungins of Desmodium rensonii, Tephrosia candida, Leucaenaleucoephala, Albizia yunnanensis, Acacia dealbata, and Acaciamearnsii, respectively.

Enhanced Species Diversity Unlocked by Habitat Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes: New Perspectives on Ecological Weed Management and Sustainable Intensification—Species Diversity and Habitat Conservation

The impulse to remain profitable by increasing agricultural production levels in view of the greater demand for food, provided impetus to production intensification. The aim of this review is to summarise current literature, reporting specifically on the impact of production intensification on habitats and yield constraints caused by weeds. Secondly, in alleviating these effects over the short term, ecological measures that enhance species diversity in conserved habitats and promote semi-natural habitats in the agricultural landscape, are discussed. In large-scale intensive agriculture, weed control is predominantly rooted in agrochemical applications in the form of herbicides. Long lasting intensive agricultural practices show discord both with the promotion of the biodiversity of microbes belowground and aboveground and with organisms involved in the breaking down of plant material. The presence of native species in the surroundings, in combination with hedgerows and field margins, with a comparatively intricate and balanced variety of plants in a sheltered environment, are essential for settlement of benign insects, particularly in the face of intensive agricultural production. The promising tactic of advantageous seed predators enables decreased herbicide applications. Crop mosaics arranged to advance compatibility at the landscape scale are important to bolster pollination services and insect management, while ecological variety in the surroundings acts as a safety net for habitat diversity. Weed control in combination with different tactics of vegetation use, comprising cover cropping, hedgerows and field margins, sets up safe havens in the landscape, and improves the diffusion of complementary life forms. Field margins perform a meaningful natural function as point of provision for forage, safe havens and distribution passageways for pollinators and insect predators. Production practices that promote more heterogeneity and combine high density semi-natural safe havens and habitat conservation in agro ecosystems are beneficial to species diversity across trophic levels and contribute to agricultural production stability and food safety.

Effects of Contour Hedgerow Intercropping on Nutrient Losses from the Sloping Farmland in the Three Gorges Area,China

Eutrophication is recognized as one of the major environmental problems in the Three Gorges Reservoir.Contour hedgerows have been used as a major soil and water conservation measure in this area.Accordingly,a two-year study was conducted to investigate the effects of contour hedgerow intercropping on nutrient loss from sloping farmland in this area.Four treatments were applied:(1) Maize + Soybean,(2) Maize,(3) Maize + Alfalfa,and(4) Maize + Hemerocallis citrina Baroni.Results indicated that nutrient loss in the control treatment(Maize) was serious,especially the average loss flux of total nitrogen(2245.8 mg) and total phosphate(2434.2 mg) in a typical rainfall event.However,the nutrient losses by runoff in the other three treatments with contour hedgerow intercropping showed significant reduction.Compared with the control treatment,the total nitrogen loss in the Alfalfa and Hemerocallis citrina Baroni decreased by 80.9% and 85.0%,respectively,and the total phosphorus loss in the two treatments decreased by 91.2% and 92.5%,respectively.Therefore,it is concluded that nutrient losses could be reduced by using contour hedgerows in the Three Gorges Region.Reducing runoff volume and sediment loss was the main mechanisms of contour hedgerow intercropping to reduce nutrient loss.

Impact of Different Contour Hedgerows on Runoff,Nutrient and Soil on Sloping Farmland in Danjiangkou Reservoir Region of China

Soil and water loss has been a major environmental problem in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region.A study of 14°sloping farmland was performed on impact of different contour hedgerows on runoff,losses of soil and nutrients during 2008 and 2011,with five treatments and three replications.The winter wheat and summer maize were used as the test crops.Treatments consisted of four hedgerows:Amorpha(Amorpha fruticosa L.),Honeysuckle(Lonicera japonica Thunb.),Day-lily flower(Hemerocallis citrina Baroni.),and Sabaigrass(Eulaliopsis binata),and a control without hedgerow.Result showed that the runoff under the control treatment was much higher than that of hedgerows.Amorpha could reduce the runoff by 35.2%compared with the control.Soil losses in four hedgerows showed significant reduction in four years(e.g.,Amorpha:78.3%;Honeysuckle:77.1%).Nutrient losses in winter were much higher than that in summer,especially total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium,even though there was an abundant precipitation in summer.Hedgerows greatly affected the soil and nutrient losses on slopping farmland compared with the control treatment,especially Amorpha treatment.The present study found that the Amorpha could be used as the hedgerow species for reducing soil and water loss in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region.

Occurrence Regularity and Ecological Control Technology of Diseases of Hedgerow Commonly Used in Greening in Five Cities of Southern Jiangsu

The disease types, symptom characteristics, pathogenesis and ecological control technology of hedgerow commonly used in landscape greening in Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou were systematically studied. The results showed that there were 10 kinds of common diseases of flowers and shrubs in landscape greening in five cities of southern Jiangsu. Among them, 8 were caused by deuteromycotina and 2 were caused by subphylum basidiomycetes. It was pointed out that the disease regularity was directly related to the pathogenic bacteria, temperature and humidity, microclimate and hedgerow growth. For the first time, the ecological control method of hedgerow disease which focused on ecological health maintenance was put forward.

Hedgerow Intercropping Maize or CowpealSenna for Drymatter Production in Semi-Arid Eastern Kenya

In a long term study photosynthetically active radiation was monitored for three rainy seasons to measure the effects of hedgerow intercropping in rotation with maize and cowpea in a senna/siamea and panicum/grass strip on biomass yield and light use efficiency. Maize/cowpea intercropped with senna siamea or grass stripped were compared with sole maize and cowpea. A ceptometer was applied to measure PAR interception by sole maize or cowpea or crop/tree and grass/crop interfaces and separation of PAR used by each plant or tree/grass component. Hedgerow intercropping increased PAR interception and biomass formation. C4 plants had higher LUE than C3 plants while combining C4 and C3 in the agroforestry system lowered LUE. The tree/crop interfaces increased PAR interception than at 1 m and 2 m away from the hedgerow. The row of maize or cowpea at lm intercepted more PAR than the row at 2 m from hedgerow while the cowpea row next to the hedgerow was depressed compared to the rows in the middle rows which had higher yields. The maize or cowpea row next to the grass strip was more stressed than the rows in the middle of the alley.

Avian diversity in hedgerows,preference to hedgerow types and their conservation at Angacha (Kembatta),central Ethiopia

The present study aimed to investigate avian diversity in hedgerows at Angacha, in the Kembatta zone, Ethiopia. Transect and point-count methods were deployed to determine avian diversity, species richness, similarity and preferences across five sub study sites. Diversity and preferences of birds to hedgerow types varied in relation to their vegetation composition and structure. Five endemic species, i.e., Rüppel’s Black Chat (Cossyfa semirufa), the White-cheeked Turaco (Tauraco leucotis), the Banded Barbet (Lybius undatus), the Abyssinian Oriole (Oriolus monacha) and the Wattled Ibis (Bostrychia carucullatta) were recorded in the thick hedgerow type. Thickness, height and width of hedgerows affected the diversity, distribution and habitat preference of birds. Thick hedgerow types showed the highest avian species diversity, richness and similarity. There was a high correlation between the hedgerow diversity and its bird diversity, which was directly associated with habitat quality. Bird species diversity and preference for hedgerow types require important conservation and management priorities.

固氮植物篱改善退化坡耕地土壤养分状况的效果

在四川宁南县坡地农业实验站对固氮植物篱在坡耕地上防治水土流失和改良土壤的效果进行了长期定位研究．结果表明等高固氮植物篱在防治土壤养分退化方面效果明显：与传统顺坡种植（ＣＫ） 相比，在坡耕地上培植新银合欢（Ｌｅｕｃａｅｎａｌｅｕｃｏｃｅｐｈａｌａ） 等高植物篱和山毛豆（Ｔｅｐｈｒｏｓｉａ ｃａｎｄｉｄａ）等高植物篱，正常耕作３～６ ａ 后，作物带土壤全氮可增加８０％ ～１３０％ ，有机质增加２０％ ～４０％ ，有效钾和阳离子交换量等养分均有不同程度增加．由于肥力状况改善，等高植物篱处理的农作物产量也明显高于ＣＫ．

固氮植物篱防治坡耕地土壤侵蚀效果研究

土壤侵蚀是坡耕地土壤退化的主要影响因子之一。在金沙江干热河谷区坡耕地的实验表明， 沿坡耕地等高线种植高密度高固氮植物篱并合理经营，可有效防治土壤侵蚀。１９９７ 年植物篱处理的土壤侵蚀量减少到对照的１４ ．５ ％ ～２３ ．９ ％ ，１９９８ 年侵蚀量仅为对照的１ ％ ～３ ％ 。坡耕地土壤侵蚀集中发生在雨季中期。土壤侵蚀过程也是土壤养分加速流失的过程，分析表明流失土壤中全氮和有机质在侵蚀土壤中含量分别是表土平均含量的２ ．３ 倍和２ ．４７ 倍以上。在培植等高植物篱系统后，经过４ ～７ ａ 的正常耕作，坡耕地可形成以植物篱为地埂的梯地。

等高固氮植物篱模式对坡耕地土壤养分的影响

对坡耕地土壤剖面养分的研究结果表明,等高固N植物篱模式对养分的影响表现在对养分的归还和在土壤剖面的再分配。培植植物篱5年后,该系统中与植物篱不同距离位点0～40cm土层土壤有机质和全N含量分别比对照高1.2～2.3倍和0.5～1.7倍,有效磷和速效钾显著增加,表明植物篱可有效改善土壤养分状况。研究结果还表明在植物篱模式下0～60cm土层土壤有机质和全N含量均比种植带相应土层高,0～20cm土层有效磷和有效钾含量明显比种植带各位点相应土层高,表明植物篱与农作物之间无养分竞争;种植带下部0～40cm土层养分状况比种植带中部和上部相应土层优越,种植带上部各土层养分状况最差;植物篱内40cm以下土层中有效磷和速效钾含量比种植带下相同土层低,说明植物篱根系可将土壤深层的P、K吸收并通过刈割枝叶返还种植带,发挥养分泵的功能。因此,植物篱通过生物固N和养分泵的功能提高种植带上层土壤养分含量和促进矿质养分循环。

植物篱枝叶有机碳分解研究

研究植物篱枝叶的分解和养分矿化过程对该模式下养分的有效利用具有重要意义。在金沙江干热河谷坡耕地上利用分解袋法对新银合欢、山蚂蝗等 6个植物篱树种枝叶的分解进行了研究 ,结果显示山蚂蝗和新银合欢分解最快 ,前 2个星期有机碳分解了48 6 %和 5 0 0 % ;山毛豆和云南合欢次之 ,前 4星期有机碳累积分解量为 5 1 5 %和 45 6 % ;圣诞树和黑荆树分解最慢 ;将枝叶埋入土壤中比覆盖地表分解快。有机碳的分解规律可以用单指数模型Ct=C0 (1 e kt)和双指数模型Ct=C0 1 (1 e k1t) +C0 2 (1 e k2 t)拟合 (式中 ,Ct 为有机碳累积分解量占全碳百分数 ,C0 、C0 1 和C0 2 分别为易分解有机碳和难分解有机碳百分数 ,k和k1分别为易分解有机碳分解常数 ,k2 为难分解有机碳分解常数 ) ,双指数模型更具合理性。研究表明有机碳的累积分解量与枝叶初始C/N比呈负相关 ,枝叶分解速度可用有机碳 (或易分解有机碳 )半减期来衡量。

干旱河谷区坡耕地等高植物篱种植系统土壤水分动态研究

金沙江干旱河谷区坡耕地固氮植物篱种植模式的研究结果表明 ,植物篱与农作物利用土壤水分的深度不同 ,植物篱在旱季主要利用 5 0 cm以下深层土壤水分来度过严酷的旱季 ,在雨季促进水分向深层土壤渗透 ,提高 0～ 15 0 cm土层贮水量 ;据剖面含水量的变异程度可将剖面分为 4个层次 :水分剧变层、水分渐变层、水分弱变层和水分稳定层 ,其中植物篱模式下剧变层为 0～ 30 cm,渐变层为 30～ 10 0 cm ,弱变层为 10 0～ 15 0 cm,稳定层在15 0 cm以下 ,而传统耕作坡地和裸坡地 (梯地 )分别为剧变层 0～ 30 cm,渐变层为 30～ 5 0 cm,弱变层为 5 0～ 12 0cm ,稳定层在 12 0 cm以下 ,渐变层厚度显著小于植物篱种植模式。植物篱模式提高系统中土壤水分周转库容 ,不仅有利于雨季调节地表径流 ,而且有利于旱季改善土壤水分条件。在时间上 ,一个旱季 -雨季周期内干热河谷坡耕地土壤水分动态可分为 3个时期 :水分消耗期。

长江上游不同植物篱系统土壤抗冲、抗蚀特征

在对长江上游现有植物篱-坡耕地系统中土壤抗冲、抗蚀性及土壤理化性质的测定的基础上,对坡耕地-植物篱系统抗冲性和抗蚀性特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系进行了研究,结果表明:(1)3种不同植物篱带内土壤抗蚀性和抗冲性指数得到显著改善,土壤抗蚀性在植物篱系统中、植物篱带上、带内、带下和植物篱带间坡耕地表现出一定的差异性;(2)土壤抗冲性与总孔隙度、土壤体积含水量、饱和导水率、水稳性团聚体、土壤粘粒含量、土壤有机质、土壤容重、土壤抗蚀指数等土壤理化性质指标呈显著的相关关系。利用回归方法建立了土壤抗冲性(即土壤抗冲性指数)模型,土壤抗冲性指数与土壤性质各指标的模型具有极显(P<0.01)著相关性。

紫色丘陵区蓑草植物篱的减流减沙效应及其机理

四川盆地紫色丘陵区位于长江上游，是我国土壤侵蚀最重要的地区之一，土壤侵蚀速率高达每平方公里每年3200—7900t。该区域是四川省和重庆市的重要粮食生产基地，人口密集。高垦殖、高复种，高强度的土地利用不仅造成严重的水土流失，而且制约了区域农业和农村经济的可持续发展。应用植物篱农作系统改善土壤抗侵蚀环境，减少水土流失是紫色丘陵高垦殖生态脆弱区生态环境建设的重要内容。蓑草根系发达，地上部生物量大，对土壤的覆盖保护好，且其生长盛期与降雨高蜂同步，具有显著的水土流失防治效果。在120cm×90cm土体内，蓑草根系总长98714．8cm，相当于缠绕整个土体235圈，正是根系的这种缠绕固结作用显著提高了土壤抗侵蚀的能力。蓑草根系平均直径0．20—0．50mm，95％的根系平均直径小于0．40mm，根系总表面积10139．68cm^2．在土壤表层根系表面积高达土体表面积的2～3倍，根系表面对土壤颗粒的巨大吸附作用是蓑草显著提高土壤抗侵蚀能力的另一个重要原因。2003—2004年的监测结果表明，在12度坡度情况下，坡改梯后净作蓑草（PECC）年径流量仅为49．90m^3／hm^2，年土壤流失量为155．78kg／hm^2。而未坡改梯且农作（FNC）情况下，年径流量314．29m^3／hm^2为前者的6．30倍，年土壤流失量3322．50kg／hm^2为前者的21．33倍；在24度坡度情况下，坡改梯后土埂及边坡种植蓑草、坡面农作（PERBC）年径流量248．04m^3／hm^2。年土壤流失量612．00kg／hm^2，坡改梯后净作蓑草（PECC）径流量42．44m3／hm^2，土壤流失量153．75kkg／hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作（FNC）情况下年径流量高达785．73m^3／hm^2，分别为处理1的3．17倍，处理2的18．52倍，年土壤流失t高达37503kg／hm^2。分别为处理1的61．33倍。处理2的244．12倍。

植物篱枝叶中P、K、Ca和Mg的矿化过程

对新银合欢、山蚂蝗等 6种植物篱枝叶中养分矿化过程的研究结果表明 :枝叶中P、K、Ca和Mg随不同树种和不同处理而异 ,以圣诞树和黑荆树的矿化最慢 ,埋入土壤的新银合欢枝叶比置于地表的矿化快 ;在前 4～ 6wk内矿化均较快 ,累积矿化量达到比较稳定的水平 ,在 12wk内所有枝叶中K矿化比例为 80 %～ 95 % ,P为 6 0 %～ 85 % ,Ca为 2 5 %～ 72 % ,Mg为 2 0 %～ 6 4% .除K外 ,埋入土壤的枝叶中P、Ca和Mg累积矿化量在矿化过程中波动较大 ,而覆盖地表的枝叶则随时间平稳上升 .枝叶分解过程中残余物的P、K、Ca和Mg存在一个相对富集时期 ,P和K含量在前12wk趋于降低 ,而残余物中Ca和Mg含量趋于升高 .植物篱枝叶中P、K、Ca、Mg的矿化过程可用单指数模型Mt% =M0 %〔1-exp(-kt)〕较好拟合 (式中Mt%和M0 %分别为t时刻枝叶中某养分矿化百分比和该养分的矿化势 ,k为该养分的矿化常数 ) ,P、Ca和Mg在矿化过程中波动较大 ,通过单指数模型拟合所得到的这 6种植物篱枝叶中矿质元素矿化的半减期与实际观测结果接近 .在实际应用中 ,可以根据相应植物篱枝叶养分矿化的半减期、初始矿化势率 ,以及农作物生长对养分的需要 ,合理制定植物篱的刈割时间和枝叶的使用时间与方式 ,充分发挥枝叶养分的作用和提高农作物产量 .图 4表 6参

三峡库区植物篱系统土壤颗粒分形特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系

在对长江三峡库区坡耕地植物篱系统调查样地土壤样品颗粒分析的基础上,对植物篱系统内土壤颗粒分布及土壤分形维数与土壤物理性质和土壤养分含量的关系进行了研究,结果表明:(1)乔木类、草本类和灌木类植物篱带间坡耕地土壤砂粒含量比其对应的植物篱带内土壤沙砾平均含量分别高10.4%,13.7%和9.2%;而黏粒含量在植物篱带内富集,其平均含量比植物篱带间坡耕地土壤黏粒含量分别高14.3%,19.5%和10.7%;(2)土壤分形维数与土壤黏粒和土壤粉粒含量具有显著(P<0.01)的正相关关系,而与土壤砂粒含量显著负相关。(3)土壤分形维数与土壤孔隙度、含水量和土壤饱和导水率极显著正相关,而土壤容重与分形维数呈显著负相关关系。土壤分形维数与土壤有机质、土壤全氮、土壤有效氮、土壤全钾、土壤有效钾、土壤全磷含量和阳离子交换量显著相关,而土壤有效磷含量和土壤分形维数相关性不显著。

农林复合经营模式对干热河谷退化坡地土壤水分参数的影响

土壤水分状况是制约金沙江干热河谷植被恢复和造林的主要因素 ,改善土壤水分性质是实现该区域生态恢复重建和农业持续发展的必然途径。长期的实验和示范结果显示等高植物篱模式是一种非常适合干旱河谷环境的有极大应用潜力的水土保持和肥力改善、退化生境重建和植被恢复的农林复合经营模式。经过实地研究和实验室分析 ,结果表明等高固氮植物篱模式 0～ 30 cm和 30～ 70 cm土层容重与对照分别在 0 .0 5和 0 .10水平差异显著 ,而对 70 cm以下土壤无显著差异 ;0～ 30 cm土壤水总库容和有效库容分别比对照提高了 5 .5 %和 4 2 .4 % ,30～70 cm土壤水总库容和有效库容分别提高了 5 .8%和 32 .6 % ;土壤饱和导水率、吸渗率和稳定入渗率比对照增大 ,同时比对照土壤提高低吸力段土壤比水容量和土壤饱和水含量 ,从而有效改善了坡地退化土壤的水分入渗性能和水分状况。

旱坡地“作物-植物篱”系统能流特征研究

通过连续2年的定位试验,对坡度为8-20°的旱坡地“作物-植物篱”系统能流特征如能结构、能效率进行了研究,结果表明:①“作物-植物篱”系统产出能和输入能的数量和结构的变化主要受到植物篱子系统类型的影响。与大面积旱坡地传统农作物生产系统如“小麦/花生(或玉米)/甘薯”比较:由于果树、草本等植物篱的冠层及根系在形态和空间分布上与作物的异质性,形成了对光、热、水、土、肥等资源的连续、多层次的利用,因此能有效提高系统的光能利用率、人工输入能效率,耕地单位面积总产出能也会增加,坡度越大,相对增幅亦越大;由于能极显著减少无机能施入量,这有利于降低化肥农药使用量,减少对环境的污染和破坏。②“作物-果树类植物篱”系统输入能总量和有机能输入量大幅度增加,因此有利于优化输入能结构,促进坡地生态系统良性循环和集约高效农业发展。③“作物-草本植物篱”系统人工辅助能的输入量大幅度下降,由于它所需投入能少,有机能耗和无机能耗均低,人工输入能效率很高而生物产量也较高,并且它们提高了与其间作的其他作物的能量产投比,因此提升了整个系统能量产投比率;由于保水固土的生态功能显著,使它能在四川广大山地、丘陵区退耕还林还草工程中发挥重要作用。

基于GIS的农林复合经营的侵蚀控制模拟研究

根据张家口郭家梁试验场的小区资料 ,建立了小流域侵蚀产沙模型以及植物篱侵蚀控制模型 ;并在 GIS的支持下 ,从小流域数字高程模型 (DEM)中提取基于地块间水沙汇流网络 ,生成基于地块的水沙运移网络图 ,并将地块间的水沙汇流过程引入小流域侵蚀产沙的模拟中 ,实现了侵蚀产沙模型与地理信息系统 (GIS)的深层次耦合 ,模拟出坡面水沙在小流域的空间运动过程。 1995～ 1999年的青边口河小流域模拟结果表明 :坡耕地、荒坡地、低覆盖的天然草地的平均侵蚀模数最大 ,是侵蚀控制的重点土地利用类型。在坡耕地、荒坡地、低覆盖的天然草地配置面积占流域总面积的 18.2 %的植物篱 -农作系统 (10 m带间距的二年生紫穗槐植物篱 ) ,利用次降雨资料的计算模拟结果表明 ,对径流的控制效果在 8.1%～ 46 .2 %之间 ,对侵蚀模数的控制效果在 42 .9%～ 5 0 .2 %之间 ;养分流失的模拟分析表明 ,在现有条件下有机质的损失较大 ,而通过配置植物篱