Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that contributes to the risk of end-stage kidney disease(ESKD).Wide glycemic var-iations,such as hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia,are broadly fou...Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that contributes to the risk of end-stage kidney disease(ESKD).Wide glycemic var-iations,such as hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia,are broadly found in diabetic patients with DKD and especially ESKD,as a result of impaired renal metabolism.It is essential to monitor glycemia for effective management of DKD.Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)has long been considered as the gold standard for monitoring glycemia for>3 months.However,assessment of HbA1c has some bias as it is susceptible to factors such as anemia and liver or kidney dysfunction.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)has provided new insights on glycemic assessment and management.CGM directly measures glucose level in interstitial fluid,reports real-time or retrospective glucose concentration,and provides multiple glycemic metrics.It avoids the pitfalls of HbA1c in some contexts,and may serve as a precise alternative to estimation of mean glucose and glycemic variability.Emerging studies have demonstrated the merits of CGM for precise monitoring,which allows fine-tuning of glycemic management in diabetic patients.Therefore,CGM technology has the potential for better glycemic monitoring in DKD patients.More research is needed to explore its application and management in different stages of DKD,including hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.展开更多
Background Extra glucose load in peritoneal dialysis is an important cause of newly-occurred diabetic mellitus, which initiates insulin treatment in some of the dialytic patients. The purpose of this study was to disc...Background Extra glucose load in peritoneal dialysis is an important cause of newly-occurred diabetic mellitus, which initiates insulin treatment in some of the dialytic patients. The purpose of this study was to discuss the influence of the peritoneal transfer status on fasting blood glucose in non-diabetic nephropathy patients who are on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD）. Methods One hundred and forty-five patients with total KTN per week over 2.0 were recruited, including 60 males and 85 females. Fasting blood glucose （FBG）, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, blood albumin, blood lipid profile and blood C-reactive protein （CRP） were analyzed at the beginning of the peritoneal dialysis and after 12 months. A peritoneal equilibration test （PET） was carried out at the 3rd month of CAPD, and meantime residual renal function, peritoneal solute clearance rate, ultrafiltration volume and urine volume were also evaluated. Results Twenty-one cases were identified as a low transfer group （L）, 32 cases as a low average transfer group （LA）, 58 cases as a high average transfer group （HA） and 34 cases as a high transfer group （H）. At the end of the 12th month, 83 cases had elevated FBG. Through stepwise multiple regression analysis we found the FBG level in these patients was positively related to glucose load and CRP, and negatively related to glucose absorption in the peritoneum （D/D0） and blood albumin （P 〈0.05）. Kaplan-Meier analysis during a 48-month follow-up found the morbidity of hyperglycemia to be 17/34 cases （50.1%） in the high transfer group, 20/58 cases （34.5%） in the high average transfer group, 11/32 cases （34.3%） in the low average transfer group, and 1/21 cases （5.4%） in the low transfer group. Conclusions Patients with high peritoneal transfer capacity might have the highest morbidity from hyperglycemia among patients with these four different peritoneal transfer status. Glucose load, baseline CRP and FBG level before peritoneal dialysis, and D/D0 can efficiently predict hyperglycemia in CAPD patients.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,No.LY23H050005and Zhejiang Medical Technology Project,No.2022RC009.
文摘Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that contributes to the risk of end-stage kidney disease(ESKD).Wide glycemic var-iations,such as hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia,are broadly found in diabetic patients with DKD and especially ESKD,as a result of impaired renal metabolism.It is essential to monitor glycemia for effective management of DKD.Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)has long been considered as the gold standard for monitoring glycemia for>3 months.However,assessment of HbA1c has some bias as it is susceptible to factors such as anemia and liver or kidney dysfunction.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)has provided new insights on glycemic assessment and management.CGM directly measures glucose level in interstitial fluid,reports real-time or retrospective glucose concentration,and provides multiple glycemic metrics.It avoids the pitfalls of HbA1c in some contexts,and may serve as a precise alternative to estimation of mean glucose and glycemic variability.Emerging studies have demonstrated the merits of CGM for precise monitoring,which allows fine-tuning of glycemic management in diabetic patients.Therefore,CGM technology has the potential for better glycemic monitoring in DKD patients.More research is needed to explore its application and management in different stages of DKD,including hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.
文摘Background Extra glucose load in peritoneal dialysis is an important cause of newly-occurred diabetic mellitus, which initiates insulin treatment in some of the dialytic patients. The purpose of this study was to discuss the influence of the peritoneal transfer status on fasting blood glucose in non-diabetic nephropathy patients who are on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD）. Methods One hundred and forty-five patients with total KTN per week over 2.0 were recruited, including 60 males and 85 females. Fasting blood glucose （FBG）, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, blood albumin, blood lipid profile and blood C-reactive protein （CRP） were analyzed at the beginning of the peritoneal dialysis and after 12 months. A peritoneal equilibration test （PET） was carried out at the 3rd month of CAPD, and meantime residual renal function, peritoneal solute clearance rate, ultrafiltration volume and urine volume were also evaluated. Results Twenty-one cases were identified as a low transfer group （L）, 32 cases as a low average transfer group （LA）, 58 cases as a high average transfer group （HA） and 34 cases as a high transfer group （H）. At the end of the 12th month, 83 cases had elevated FBG. Through stepwise multiple regression analysis we found the FBG level in these patients was positively related to glucose load and CRP, and negatively related to glucose absorption in the peritoneum （D/D0） and blood albumin （P 〈0.05）. Kaplan-Meier analysis during a 48-month follow-up found the morbidity of hyperglycemia to be 17/34 cases （50.1%） in the high transfer group, 20/58 cases （34.5%） in the high average transfer group, 11/32 cases （34.3%） in the low average transfer group, and 1/21 cases （5.4%） in the low transfer group. Conclusions Patients with high peritoneal transfer capacity might have the highest morbidity from hyperglycemia among patients with these four different peritoneal transfer status. Glucose load, baseline CRP and FBG level before peritoneal dialysis, and D/D0 can efficiently predict hyperglycemia in CAPD patients.
