BACKGROUND:Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia(CAP),which have a high mortality rate.We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein(HBP)as a prognostic marke...BACKGROUND:Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia(CAP),which have a high mortality rate.We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein(HBP)as a prognostic marker of mortality in patients with DM and CAP.METHODS:This retrospective study included CAP patients who were tested for HBP at intensive care unit(ICU)admission from January 2019 to April 2020.Patients were allocated to the DM or non-DM group and paired with propensity score matching.Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes up to 90 days were evaluated.The primary outcome was the 10-day mortality.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,Kaplan-Meier analysis,and Cox regression were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Among 152 enrolled patients,60 pairs were successfully matched.There was no significant difference in 10-day mortality,while more patients in the DM group died within 28 d(P=0.024)and 90 d(P=0.008).In the DM group,HBP levels at ICU admission were higher in 10-day non-survivors than in 10-day survivors(median 182.21[IQR:55.43-300]ng/ml vs.median 66.40[IQR:34.13-107.85]ng/mL,P=0.019),and HBP levels could predict the 10-day mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.747.The cut-off value,sensitivity,and specificity were 160.6 ng/mL,66.7%,and 90.2%,respectively.Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HBP was an independent prognostic factor for 10-day(HR 7.196,95%CI:1.596-32.455,P=0.01),28-day(HR 4.381,95%CI:1.449-13.245,P=0.009),and 90-day mortality(HR 4.581,95%CI:1.637-12.819,P=0.004)in patients with DM.CONCLUSION:Plasma HBP at ICU admission was associated with the 10-day,28-day,and 90-day mortality,and might be a prognostic factor in patients with DM and CAP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Left ventricular(LV)remodeling and diastolic function in people with heart failure(HF)are correlated with iron status;however,the causality is uncertain.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study investigated th...BACKGROUND Left ventricular(LV)remodeling and diastolic function in people with heart failure(HF)are correlated with iron status;however,the causality is uncertain.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study investigated the bidirectional causal relationship between systemic iron parameters and LV structure and function in a preserved ejection fraction population.METHODS Transferrin saturation(TSAT),total iron binding capacity(TIBC),and serum iron and ferritin levels were extracted as instrumental variables for iron parameters from meta-analyses of public genome-wide association studies.Individuals without myocardial infarction history,HF,or LV ejection fraction(LVEF)<50%(n=16,923)in the UK Biobank Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study constituted the outcome dataset.The dataset included LV end-diastolic volume,LV endsystolic volume,LV mass(LVM),and LVM-to-end-diastolic volume ratio(LVMVR).We used a two-sample bidirectional MR study with inverse variance weighting(IVW)as the primary analysis method and estimation methods using different algorithms to improve the robustness of the results.RESULTS In the IVW analysis,one standard deviation(SD)increased in TSAT significantly correlated with decreased LVMVR(β=-0.1365;95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.2092 to-0.0638;P=0.0002)after Bonferroni adjustment.Conversely,no significant relationships were observed between other iron and LV parameters.After Bonferroni correction,reverse MR analysis showed that one SD increase in LVEF significantly correlated with decreased TSAT(β=-0.0699;95%CI:-0.1087 to-0.0311;P=0.0004).No heterogeneity or pleiotropic effects evidence was observed in the analysis.CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a causal relationship between TSAT and LV remodeling and function in a preserved ejection fraction population.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the application of heparin-binding protein along with albumin(HBP+ALB)in evaluating the severity of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)and compares it with single HBP,white blood cells(WBCs),C-r...Objective:To investigate the application of heparin-binding protein along with albumin(HBP+ALB)in evaluating the severity of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)and compares it with single HBP,white blood cells(WBCs),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT).Methods:A total of 226 patients with CAP admitted to the Emergency Department of Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangdong,China,between March 1,2021,and March 1,2022,were enrolled.The patients were grouped into two groups:mild CAP(n=175)and severe CAP(sCAP)(n=51).Patients'characteristics and laboratory data were obtained.ROC curve and the value of the area under the curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the predictive values of HBP,ALB,WBC,CRP,and PCT.Results:WBC count,CRP,PCT,HBP,creatinine,and D-dimer were higher in the sCAP group,while ALB was lower in the sCAP group(P<0.05)than those in the mild CAP group.The AUCs of WBC,CRP,PCT,HBP,and HBP+ALB were 0.633(95%CI:0.545-0.722,P<0.05),0.635(95%CI:0.542-0.729,P<0.05),0.705(95%CI:0.619-0.791,P<0.05),0.809(95%CI:0.736-0.883,P<0.05),and 0.889(95%CI:0.842-0.936,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusions:HBP+ALB has a higher predictive value than single HBP,PCT,CRP and WBC used alone for the early assessment of CAP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Current osteoarthritis(OA)treatments focus on symptom relief without addressing the underlying disease process.In regenerative medicine,current treatments have limitations.In regenerative medicine,more rese...BACKGROUND Current osteoarthritis(OA)treatments focus on symptom relief without addressing the underlying disease process.In regenerative medicine,current treatments have limitations.In regenerative medicine,more research is needed for intra-articular stromal vascular fraction(SVF)injections in OA,including dosage optimization,long-term efficacy,safety,comparisons with other treatments,and mechanism exploration.AIM To compare the efficacy of intra-articular SVF with corticosteroid(ICS)injections in patients with primary knee OA.METHODS The study included 50 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grades II and III OA.Patients were randomly assigned(1:1)to receive either a single intra-articular SVF injection(group A)or a single intra-articular ICS(triamcinolone)(group B)injection.Patients were followed up at 1,3,6,12,and 24 months.Visual analog score(VAS)and International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)scores were administered before the procedure and at all followups.The safety of SVF in terms of adverse and severe adverse events was recorded.Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Version 26.0,IBM Corp,Chicago,IL,United States.RESULTS Both groups had similar demographics and baseline clinical characteristics.Follow-up showed minor patient loss,resulting in 23 and 24 in groups A and B respectively.Group A experienced a notable reduction in pain,with VAS scores decreasing from 7.7 to 2.4 over 24 months,compared to a minor reduction from 7.8 to 6.2 in Group B.This difference in pain reduction in group A was statistically significant from the third month onwards.Additionally,Group A showed significant improvements in knee functionality,with IKDC scores rising from 33.4 to 83.10,whereas Group B saw a modest increase from 36.7 to 45.16.The improvement in Group A was statistically significant from 6 months and maintained through 24 months.CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that intra-articular administration of SVF can lead to reduced pain and improved knee function in patients with primary knee OA.More adequately powered,multi-center,double-blinded,randomised clinical trials with longer follow-ups are needed to further establish safety and justify its clinical use.展开更多
Joint time–frequency analysis is an emerging method for interpreting the underlying physics in fuel cells,batteries,and supercapacitors.To increase the reliability of time–frequency analysis,a theoretical correlatio...Joint time–frequency analysis is an emerging method for interpreting the underlying physics in fuel cells,batteries,and supercapacitors.To increase the reliability of time–frequency analysis,a theoretical correlation between frequency-domain stationary analysis and time-domain transient analysis is urgently required.The present work formularizes a thorough model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for electrochemical energy devices involving not only the model reduction from fractional-order models to integer-order models and from high-to low-order RC circuits but also insight into the evolution of the characteristic time constants during the whole reduction process.The following work has been carried out:(i)the model-reduction theory is addressed for typical Warburg elements and RC circuits based on the continued fraction expansion theory and the response error minimization technique,respectively;(ii)the order effect on the model reduction of typical Warburg elements is quantitatively evaluated by time–frequency analysis;(iii)the results of time–frequency analysis are confirmed to be useful to determine the reduction order in terms of the kinetic information needed to be captured;and(iv)the results of time–frequency analysis are validated for the model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for lithium-ion batteries,supercapacitors,and solid oxide fuel cells.In turn,the numerical validation has demonstrated the powerful function of the joint time–frequency analysis.The thorough model reduction of fractional impedance spectra addressed in the present work not only clarifies the relationship between time-domain transient analysis and frequency-domain stationary analysis but also enhances the reliability of the joint time–frequency analysis for electrochemical energy devices.展开更多
Mechanical excavation,blasting,adjacent rockburst and fracture slip that occur during mining excavation impose dynamic loads on the rock mass,leading to further fracture of damaged surrounding rock in three-dimensiona...Mechanical excavation,blasting,adjacent rockburst and fracture slip that occur during mining excavation impose dynamic loads on the rock mass,leading to further fracture of damaged surrounding rock in three-dimensional high-stress and even causing disasters.Therefore,a novel complex true triaxial static-dynamic combined loading method reflecting underground excavation damage and then frequent intermittent disturbance failure is proposed.True triaxial static compression and intermittent disturbance tests are carried out on monzogabbro.The effects of intermediate principal stress and amplitude on the strength characteristics,deformation characteristics,failure characteristics,and precursors of monzogabbro are analyzed,intermediate principal stress and amplitude increase monzogabbro strength and tensile fracture mechanism.Rapid increases in microseismic parameters during rock loading can be precursors for intermittent rock disturbance.Based on the experimental result,the new damage fractional elements and method with considering crack initiation stress and crack unstable stress as initiation and acceleration condition of intermittent disturbance irreversible deformation are proposed.A novel three-dimensional disturbance fractional deterioration model considering the intermediate principal stress effect and intermittent disturbance damage effect is established,and the model predicted results align well with the experimental results.The sensitivity of stress states and model parameters is further explored,and the intermittent disturbance behaviors at different f are predicted.This study provides valuable theoretical bases for the stability analysis of deep mining engineering under dynamic loads.展开更多
This article describes the solution procedure of the fractional Pade-Ⅱ equation and generalized Zakharov equation(GSEs)using the sine-cosine method.Pade-Ⅱ is an important nonlinear wave equation modeling unidirectio...This article describes the solution procedure of the fractional Pade-Ⅱ equation and generalized Zakharov equation(GSEs)using the sine-cosine method.Pade-Ⅱ is an important nonlinear wave equation modeling unidirectional propagation of long-wave in dispersive media and GSEs are used to model the interaction between one-dimensional high,and low-frequency waves.Classes of trigonometric and hyperbolic function solutions in fractional calculus are discussed.Graphical simulations of the numerical solutions are flaunted by MATLAB.展开更多
Dear Editor,Dynamics and digital circuit implementation of the fractional-order Lorenz system are investigated by employing Adomian decomposition method(ADM).Dynamics of the fractional-order Lorenz system with derivat...Dear Editor,Dynamics and digital circuit implementation of the fractional-order Lorenz system are investigated by employing Adomian decomposition method(ADM).Dynamics of the fractional-order Lorenz system with derivative order and parameter varying is analyzed by means of Lyapunov exponents(LEs),bifurcation diagram.展开更多
In regenerative medicine,the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)from the adipose tissue’s stromal vascular fraction(SVF)is a critical area of study.Our review meticulously examines the isolation process of M...In regenerative medicine,the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)from the adipose tissue’s stromal vascular fraction(SVF)is a critical area of study.Our review meticulously examines the isolation process of MSCs,starting with the extraction of adipose tissue.The choice of liposuction technique,anatomical site,and immediate processing are essential to maintain cell functionality.We delve into the intricacies of enzymatic digestion,emphasizing the fine-tuning of enzyme concentrations to maximize cell yield while preventing harm.The review then outlines the filtration and centrifugation techniques necessary for isolating a purified SVF,alongside cell viability assessments like flow cytometry,which are vital for confirming the efficacy of the isolated MSCs.We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of using autologous vs allogeneic SVF sources,touching upon immunocompatibility and logistical considerations,as well as the variability inherent in donor-derived cells.Anesthesia choices,the selection between hypo-dermic needles vs liposuction cannulas,and the role of adipose tissue lysers in achieving cellular dissociation are evaluated for their impact on SVF isolation.Centrifugation protocols are also analyzed for their part in ensuring the integrity of the SVF.The necessity for standardized MSC isolation protocols is highlighted,promoting reproducibility and successful clinical application.We encourage ongoing research to deepen the understanding of MSC biology and therapeutic action,aiming to further the field of regenerative medicine.The review concludes with a call for rigorous research,interdisciplinary collaboration,and strict adherence to ethical and regulatory standards to safeguard patient safety and optimize treatment outcomes with MSCs.展开更多
BACKGROUND The recently introduced ultrasonic flow ratio(UFR),is a novel fast computational method to derive fractional flow reserve(FFR)from intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)images.In the present study,we evaluate the d...BACKGROUND The recently introduced ultrasonic flow ratio(UFR),is a novel fast computational method to derive fractional flow reserve(FFR)from intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)images.In the present study,we evaluate the diagnostic performance of UFR in patients with intermediate left main(LM)stenosis.METHODS This is a prospective,single center study enrolling consecutive patients with presence of intermediated LM lesions(diameter stenosis of 30%-80%by visual estimation)underwent IVUS and FFR measurement.An independent core laboratory assessed offline UFR and IVUS-derived minimal lumen area(MLA)in a blinded fashion.RESULTS Both UFR and FFR were successfully achieved in 41 LM patients(mean age,62.0±9.9 years,46.3%diabetes).An acceptable correlation between UFR and FFR was identified(r=0.688,P<0.0001),with an absolute numerical difference of 0.03(standard difference:0.01).The area under the curve(AUC)in diagnosis of physiologically significant coronary stenosis for UFR was 0.94(95%CI:0.87-1.01),which was significantly higher than angiographic identified stenosis>50%(AUC=0.66,P<0.001)and numerically higher than IVUS-derived MLA(AUC=0.82;P=0.09).Patient level diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity and specificity for UFR to identify FFR≤0.80 was 82.9%(95%CI:70.2-95.7),93.1%(95%CI:82.2-100.0),58.3%(95%CI:26.3-90.4),respectively.CONCLUSION In patients with intermediate LM diseases,UFR was proved to be associated with acceptable correlation and high accuracy with pressure wire-based FFR as standard reference.The present study supports the use of UFR for functional evaluation of intermediate LM stenosis.展开更多
In recent years,fractional-order chaotic maps have been paid more attention in publications because of the memory effect.This paper presents a novel variable-order fractional sine map(VFSM)based on the discrete fracti...In recent years,fractional-order chaotic maps have been paid more attention in publications because of the memory effect.This paper presents a novel variable-order fractional sine map(VFSM)based on the discrete fractional calculus.Specially,the order is defined as an iterative function that incorporates the current state of the system.By analyzing phase diagrams,time sequences,bifurcations,Lyapunov exponents and fuzzy entropy complexity,the dynamics of the proposed map are investigated comparing with the constant-order fractional sine map.The results reveal that the variable order has a good effect on improving the chaotic performance,and it enlarges the range of available parameter values as well as reduces non-chaotic windows.Multiple coexisting attractors also enrich the dynamics of VFSM and prove its sensitivity to initial values.Moreover,the sequence generated by the proposed map passes the statistical test for pseudorandom number and shows strong robustness to parameter estimation,which proves the potential applications in the field of information security.展开更多
Background Protamination and condensation of sperm chromatin as well as DNA integrity play an essential role during fertilization and embryo development.In some mammals,like pigs,ejaculates are emitted in three separa...Background Protamination and condensation of sperm chromatin as well as DNA integrity play an essential role during fertilization and embryo development.In some mammals,like pigs,ejaculates are emitted in three separate fractions:pre-sperm,sperm-rich(SRF)and post sperm-rich(PSRF).These fractions are known to vary in volume,sperm concentration and quality,as well as in the origin and composition of seminal plasma(SP),with differences being also observed within the SRF one.Yet,whether disparities in the DNA integrity and chromatin condensation and pro-tamination of their sperm exist has not been interrogated.Results This study determined chromatin protamination(Chromomycin A3 test,CMA_(3)),condensation(Dibromobi-mane test,DBB),and DNA integrity(Comet assay)in the pig sperm contained in the first 10 m L of the SRF(SRF-P1),the remaining portion of the sperm-rich fraction(SRF-P2),and the post sperm-rich fraction(PSRF).While chromatin protamination was found to be similar between the different ejaculate fractions(P>0.05),chromatin condensation was seen to be greater in SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 than in the PSRF(P=0.018 and P=0.004,respectively).Regarding DNA integrity,no differences between fractions were observed(P>0.05).As the SRF-P1 has the highest sperm concentra-tion and ejaculate fractions are known to differ in antioxidant composition,the oxidative stress index(OSi)in SP,calcu-lated as total oxidant activity divided by total antioxidant capacity,was tested and confirmed to be higher in the SRF-P1 than in SRF-P2 and PSRF(0.42±0.06 vs.0.23±0.09 and 0.08±0.00,respectively;P<0.01);this index,in addition,was observed to be correlated to the sperm concentration of each fraction(Rs=0.973;P<0.001).Conclusion While sperm DNA integrity was not found to differ between ejaculate fractions,SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 were observed to exhibit greater chromatin condensation than the PSRF.This could be related to the OSi of each fraction.展开更多
This article proposes a novel fractional heterogeneous neural network by coupling a Rulkov neuron with a Hopfield neural network(FRHNN),utilizing memristors for emulating neural synapses.The study firstly demonstrates...This article proposes a novel fractional heterogeneous neural network by coupling a Rulkov neuron with a Hopfield neural network(FRHNN),utilizing memristors for emulating neural synapses.The study firstly demonstrates the coexistence of multiple firing patterns through phase diagrams,Lyapunov exponents(LEs),and bifurcation diagrams.Secondly,the parameter related firing behaviors are described through two-parameter bifurcation diagrams.Subsequently,local attraction basins reveal multi-stability phenomena related to initial values.Moreover,the proposed model is implemented on a microcomputer-based ARM platform,and the experimental results correspond to the numerical simulations.Finally,the article explores the application of digital watermarking for medical images,illustrating its features of excellent imperceptibility,extensive key space,and robustness against attacks including noise and cropping.展开更多
Isotope eff ects are pivotal in understanding silicate melt evaporation and planetary accretion processes.Based on the Hertz-Knudsen equation,the current theory often fails to predict observed isotope fractionations o...Isotope eff ects are pivotal in understanding silicate melt evaporation and planetary accretion processes.Based on the Hertz-Knudsen equation,the current theory often fails to predict observed isotope fractionations of laboratory experiments due to its oversimplified assumptions.Here,we point out that the Hertz-Knudsen-equation-based theory is incomplete for silicate melt evaporation cases and can only be used for situations where the vaporized species is identical to the one in the melt.We propose a new model designed for silicate melt evaporation under vacuum.Our model considers multiple steps including mass transfer,chemical reaction,and nucleation.Our derivations reveal a kinetic isotopic fractionation factor(KIFF orα)αour model=[m(^(1)species)/m(^(2)species)]^(0.5),where m(species)is the mass of the reactant of reaction/nucleation-limiting step or species of diffusion-limiting step and superscript 1 and 2 represent light and heavy isotopes,respectively.This model can eff ectively reproduce most reported KIFFs of laboratory experiments for various elements,i.e.,Mg,Si,K,Rb,Fe,Ca,and Ti.And,the KIFF-mixing model referring that an overall rate of evaporation can be determined by two steps jointly can account for the eff ects of low P_(H2)pressure,composition,and temperature.In addition,we find that chemical reactions,diffusion,and nucleation can control the overall rate of evaporation of silicate melts by using the fitting slope in ln(−ln f)versus ln(t).Notably,our model allows for the theoretical calculations of parameters like activation energy(E_(a)),providing a novel approach to studying compositional and environmental eff ects on evaporation processes,and shedding light on the formation and evolution of the proto-solar and Earth-Moon systems.展开更多
A significant obstacle impeding the advancement of the time fractional Schrodinger equation lies in the challenge of determining its precise mathematical formulation.In order to address this,we undertake an exploratio...A significant obstacle impeding the advancement of the time fractional Schrodinger equation lies in the challenge of determining its precise mathematical formulation.In order to address this,we undertake an exploration of the time fractional Schrodinger equation within the context of a non-Markovian environment.By leveraging a two-level atom as an illustrative case,we find that the choice to raise i to the order of the time derivative is inappropriate.In contrast to the conventional approach used to depict the dynamic evolution of quantum states in a non-Markovian environment,the time fractional Schrodinger equation,when devoid of fractional-order operations on the imaginary unit i,emerges as a more intuitively comprehensible framework in physics and offers greater simplicity in computational aspects.Meanwhile,we also prove that it is meaningless to study the memory of time fractional Schrodinger equation with time derivative 1<α≤2.It should be noted that we have not yet constructed an open system that can be fully described by the time fractional Schrodinger equation.This will be the focus of future research.Our study might provide a new perspective on the role of time fractional Schrodinger equation.展开更多
It is well-known that the equilibrium isotope fractionation of mercury(Hg)includes classical massdependent fractionations(MDFs)and nuclear volume effect(NVE)induced mass-independent fractionations(MIFs).However,the ef...It is well-known that the equilibrium isotope fractionation of mercury(Hg)includes classical massdependent fractionations(MDFs)and nuclear volume effect(NVE)induced mass-independent fractionations(MIFs).However,the effect of the NVE on these kinetic processes is not known.The total fractionations(MDFs+NVEinduced MIFs)of several representative Hg-incorporated substances were selected and calculated with ab initio calculations in this work for both equilibrium and kinetic processes.NVE-induced MIFs were calculated with scaled contact electron densities at the nucleus through systematic evaluations of their accuracy and errors using the Gaussian09 and DIRAC19 packages(named the electron density scaling method).Additionally,the NVE-induced kinetic isotope effect(KIE)of Hg isotopes are also calculated with this method for several representative Hg oxidation reactions by chlorine species.Total KIEs for 202 Hg/^(198)Hg ranging from−2.27‰to 0.96‰are obtained.Three anomalous^(202)Hg-enriched KIEs(δ^(202)Hg/^(198)Hg=0.83‰,0.94‰,and 0.96‰,)caused by the NVE are observed,which are quite different from the classical view(i.e.,light isotopes react faster than the heavy ones).The electron density scaling method we developed in this study can provide an easier way to calculate the NVE-induced KIEs for heavy isotopes and serve to better understand the fractionation mechanisms of mercury isotope systems.展开更多
For each real number x∈(0,1),let[a_(1)(x),a_(2)(x),…,a_n(x),…]denote its continued fraction expansion.We study the convergence exponent defined byτ(x)=inf{s≥0:∞∑n=1(a_(n)(x)a_(n+1)(x))^(-s)<∞},which reflect...For each real number x∈(0,1),let[a_(1)(x),a_(2)(x),…,a_n(x),…]denote its continued fraction expansion.We study the convergence exponent defined byτ(x)=inf{s≥0:∞∑n=1(a_(n)(x)a_(n+1)(x))^(-s)<∞},which reflects the growth rate of the product of two consecutive partial quotients.As a main result,the Hausdorff dimensions of the level sets ofτ(x)are determined.展开更多
Let B^(H) be a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index 1/2≤H<1.In this paper,we consider the equation(called the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with a linear self-repelling drift)dX_(t)^(H)=dB_(t)^(H)+σ X_(t)^(H)...Let B^(H) be a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index 1/2≤H<1.In this paper,we consider the equation(called the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with a linear self-repelling drift)dX_(t)^(H)=dB_(t)^(H)+σ X_(t)^(H)dt+vdt-θ(∫_(0)^(t)(X_(t)^(H)-X_(s)^(H))ds)dt,whereθ<0,σ,v∈ℝ.The process is an analogue of self-attracting diffusion(Cranston,Le Jan.Math Ann,1995,303:87–93).Our main aim is to study the large time behaviors of the process.We show that the solution X^(H)diverges to infinity as t tends to infinity,and obtain the speed at which the process X^(H)diverges to infinity.展开更多
The goal of this research is to develop a new,simplified analytical method known as the ARA-residue power series method for obtaining exact-approximate solutions employing Caputo type fractional partial differential e...The goal of this research is to develop a new,simplified analytical method known as the ARA-residue power series method for obtaining exact-approximate solutions employing Caputo type fractional partial differential equations(PDEs)with variable coefficient.ARA-transform is a robust and highly flexible generalization that unifies several existing transforms.The key concept behind this method is to create approximate series outcomes by implementing the ARA-transform and Taylor’s expansion.The process of finding approximations for dynamical fractional-order PDEs is challenging,but the ARA-residual power series technique magnifies this challenge by articulating the solution in a series pattern and then determining the series coefficients by employing the residual component and the limit at infinity concepts.This approach is effective and useful for solving a massive class of fractional-order PDEs.Five appealing implementations are taken into consideration to demonstrate the effectiveness of the projected technique in creating solitary series findings for the governing equations with variable coefficients.Additionally,several visualizations are drawn for different fractional-order values.Besides that,the estimated findings by the proposed technique are in close agreement with the exact outcomes.Finally,statistical analyses further validate the efficacy,dependability and steady interconnectivity of the suggested ARA-residue power series approach.展开更多
This paper deals with the radial symmetry of positive solutions to the nonlocal problem(-Δ)_(γ)~su=b(x)f(u)in B_(1){0},u=h in R~N B_(1),where b:B_1→R is locally Holder continuous,radially symmetric and decreasing i...This paper deals with the radial symmetry of positive solutions to the nonlocal problem(-Δ)_(γ)~su=b(x)f(u)in B_(1){0},u=h in R~N B_(1),where b:B_1→R is locally Holder continuous,radially symmetric and decreasing in the|x|direction,F:R→R is a Lipschitz function,h:B_1→R is radially symmetric,decreasing with respect to|x|in R^(N)/B_(1),B_(1) is the unit ball centered at the origin,and(-Δ)_γ~s is the weighted fractional Laplacian with s∈(0,1),γ∈[0,2s)defined by(-△)^(s)_(γ)u(x)=CN,slimδ→0+∫R^(N)/B_(δ)(x)u(x)-u(y)/|x-y|N+2s|y|^(r)dy.We consider the radial symmetry of isolated singular positive solutions to the nonlocal problem in whole space(-Δ)_(γ)^(s)u(x)=b(x)f(u)in R^(N)\{0},under suitable additional assumptions on b and f.Our symmetry results are derived by the method of moving planes,where the main difficulty comes from the weighted fractional Laplacian.Our results could be applied to get a sharp asymptotic for semilinear problems with the fractional Hardy operators(-Δ)^(s)u+μ/(|x|^(2s))u=b(x)f(u)in B_(1)\{0},u=h in R^(N)\B_(1),under suitable additional assumptions on b,f and h.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2501800)Leader Project of Henan Province Health Young and Middle-aged Professor(HNSWJW2020013).
文摘BACKGROUND:Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia(CAP),which have a high mortality rate.We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein(HBP)as a prognostic marker of mortality in patients with DM and CAP.METHODS:This retrospective study included CAP patients who were tested for HBP at intensive care unit(ICU)admission from January 2019 to April 2020.Patients were allocated to the DM or non-DM group and paired with propensity score matching.Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes up to 90 days were evaluated.The primary outcome was the 10-day mortality.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,Kaplan-Meier analysis,and Cox regression were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Among 152 enrolled patients,60 pairs were successfully matched.There was no significant difference in 10-day mortality,while more patients in the DM group died within 28 d(P=0.024)and 90 d(P=0.008).In the DM group,HBP levels at ICU admission were higher in 10-day non-survivors than in 10-day survivors(median 182.21[IQR:55.43-300]ng/ml vs.median 66.40[IQR:34.13-107.85]ng/mL,P=0.019),and HBP levels could predict the 10-day mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.747.The cut-off value,sensitivity,and specificity were 160.6 ng/mL,66.7%,and 90.2%,respectively.Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HBP was an independent prognostic factor for 10-day(HR 7.196,95%CI:1.596-32.455,P=0.01),28-day(HR 4.381,95%CI:1.449-13.245,P=0.009),and 90-day mortality(HR 4.581,95%CI:1.637-12.819,P=0.004)in patients with DM.CONCLUSION:Plasma HBP at ICU admission was associated with the 10-day,28-day,and 90-day mortality,and might be a prognostic factor in patients with DM and CAP.
基金funded by the Key Research and Development of the Gansu Province(No.20YF8FA 079)the Construction Project of the Gansu Clinical Medical Research Center(No.18JR2FA003).
文摘BACKGROUND Left ventricular(LV)remodeling and diastolic function in people with heart failure(HF)are correlated with iron status;however,the causality is uncertain.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study investigated the bidirectional causal relationship between systemic iron parameters and LV structure and function in a preserved ejection fraction population.METHODS Transferrin saturation(TSAT),total iron binding capacity(TIBC),and serum iron and ferritin levels were extracted as instrumental variables for iron parameters from meta-analyses of public genome-wide association studies.Individuals without myocardial infarction history,HF,or LV ejection fraction(LVEF)<50%(n=16,923)in the UK Biobank Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study constituted the outcome dataset.The dataset included LV end-diastolic volume,LV endsystolic volume,LV mass(LVM),and LVM-to-end-diastolic volume ratio(LVMVR).We used a two-sample bidirectional MR study with inverse variance weighting(IVW)as the primary analysis method and estimation methods using different algorithms to improve the robustness of the results.RESULTS In the IVW analysis,one standard deviation(SD)increased in TSAT significantly correlated with decreased LVMVR(β=-0.1365;95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.2092 to-0.0638;P=0.0002)after Bonferroni adjustment.Conversely,no significant relationships were observed between other iron and LV parameters.After Bonferroni correction,reverse MR analysis showed that one SD increase in LVEF significantly correlated with decreased TSAT(β=-0.0699;95%CI:-0.1087 to-0.0311;P=0.0004).No heterogeneity or pleiotropic effects evidence was observed in the analysis.CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a causal relationship between TSAT and LV remodeling and function in a preserved ejection fraction population.
文摘Objective:To investigate the application of heparin-binding protein along with albumin(HBP+ALB)in evaluating the severity of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)and compares it with single HBP,white blood cells(WBCs),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT).Methods:A total of 226 patients with CAP admitted to the Emergency Department of Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangdong,China,between March 1,2021,and March 1,2022,were enrolled.The patients were grouped into two groups:mild CAP(n=175)and severe CAP(sCAP)(n=51).Patients'characteristics and laboratory data were obtained.ROC curve and the value of the area under the curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the predictive values of HBP,ALB,WBC,CRP,and PCT.Results:WBC count,CRP,PCT,HBP,creatinine,and D-dimer were higher in the sCAP group,while ALB was lower in the sCAP group(P<0.05)than those in the mild CAP group.The AUCs of WBC,CRP,PCT,HBP,and HBP+ALB were 0.633(95%CI:0.545-0.722,P<0.05),0.635(95%CI:0.542-0.729,P<0.05),0.705(95%CI:0.619-0.791,P<0.05),0.809(95%CI:0.736-0.883,P<0.05),and 0.889(95%CI:0.842-0.936,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusions:HBP+ALB has a higher predictive value than single HBP,PCT,CRP and WBC used alone for the early assessment of CAP.
文摘BACKGROUND Current osteoarthritis(OA)treatments focus on symptom relief without addressing the underlying disease process.In regenerative medicine,current treatments have limitations.In regenerative medicine,more research is needed for intra-articular stromal vascular fraction(SVF)injections in OA,including dosage optimization,long-term efficacy,safety,comparisons with other treatments,and mechanism exploration.AIM To compare the efficacy of intra-articular SVF with corticosteroid(ICS)injections in patients with primary knee OA.METHODS The study included 50 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grades II and III OA.Patients were randomly assigned(1:1)to receive either a single intra-articular SVF injection(group A)or a single intra-articular ICS(triamcinolone)(group B)injection.Patients were followed up at 1,3,6,12,and 24 months.Visual analog score(VAS)and International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)scores were administered before the procedure and at all followups.The safety of SVF in terms of adverse and severe adverse events was recorded.Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Version 26.0,IBM Corp,Chicago,IL,United States.RESULTS Both groups had similar demographics and baseline clinical characteristics.Follow-up showed minor patient loss,resulting in 23 and 24 in groups A and B respectively.Group A experienced a notable reduction in pain,with VAS scores decreasing from 7.7 to 2.4 over 24 months,compared to a minor reduction from 7.8 to 6.2 in Group B.This difference in pain reduction in group A was statistically significant from the third month onwards.Additionally,Group A showed significant improvements in knee functionality,with IKDC scores rising from 33.4 to 83.10,whereas Group B saw a modest increase from 36.7 to 45.16.The improvement in Group A was statistically significant from 6 months and maintained through 24 months.CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that intra-articular administration of SVF can lead to reduced pain and improved knee function in patients with primary knee OA.More adequately powered,multi-center,double-blinded,randomised clinical trials with longer follow-ups are needed to further establish safety and justify its clinical use.
基金support from the National Science Foundation of China(22078190)the National Key R&D Plan of China(2020YFB1505802).
文摘Joint time–frequency analysis is an emerging method for interpreting the underlying physics in fuel cells,batteries,and supercapacitors.To increase the reliability of time–frequency analysis,a theoretical correlation between frequency-domain stationary analysis and time-domain transient analysis is urgently required.The present work formularizes a thorough model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for electrochemical energy devices involving not only the model reduction from fractional-order models to integer-order models and from high-to low-order RC circuits but also insight into the evolution of the characteristic time constants during the whole reduction process.The following work has been carried out:(i)the model-reduction theory is addressed for typical Warburg elements and RC circuits based on the continued fraction expansion theory and the response error minimization technique,respectively;(ii)the order effect on the model reduction of typical Warburg elements is quantitatively evaluated by time–frequency analysis;(iii)the results of time–frequency analysis are confirmed to be useful to determine the reduction order in terms of the kinetic information needed to be captured;and(iv)the results of time–frequency analysis are validated for the model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for lithium-ion batteries,supercapacitors,and solid oxide fuel cells.In turn,the numerical validation has demonstrated the powerful function of the joint time–frequency analysis.The thorough model reduction of fractional impedance spectra addressed in the present work not only clarifies the relationship between time-domain transient analysis and frequency-domain stationary analysis but also enhances the reliability of the joint time–frequency analysis for electrochemical energy devices.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52109119)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(No.2021GXNSFBA075030)+2 种基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Project(No.Guike AD20325002)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Fund Project(No.2022 M723408)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research)(No.IWHR-SKL-202202).
文摘Mechanical excavation,blasting,adjacent rockburst and fracture slip that occur during mining excavation impose dynamic loads on the rock mass,leading to further fracture of damaged surrounding rock in three-dimensional high-stress and even causing disasters.Therefore,a novel complex true triaxial static-dynamic combined loading method reflecting underground excavation damage and then frequent intermittent disturbance failure is proposed.True triaxial static compression and intermittent disturbance tests are carried out on monzogabbro.The effects of intermediate principal stress and amplitude on the strength characteristics,deformation characteristics,failure characteristics,and precursors of monzogabbro are analyzed,intermediate principal stress and amplitude increase monzogabbro strength and tensile fracture mechanism.Rapid increases in microseismic parameters during rock loading can be precursors for intermittent rock disturbance.Based on the experimental result,the new damage fractional elements and method with considering crack initiation stress and crack unstable stress as initiation and acceleration condition of intermittent disturbance irreversible deformation are proposed.A novel three-dimensional disturbance fractional deterioration model considering the intermediate principal stress effect and intermittent disturbance damage effect is established,and the model predicted results align well with the experimental results.The sensitivity of stress states and model parameters is further explored,and the intermittent disturbance behaviors at different f are predicted.This study provides valuable theoretical bases for the stability analysis of deep mining engineering under dynamic loads.
文摘This article describes the solution procedure of the fractional Pade-Ⅱ equation and generalized Zakharov equation(GSEs)using the sine-cosine method.Pade-Ⅱ is an important nonlinear wave equation modeling unidirectional propagation of long-wave in dispersive media and GSEs are used to model the interaction between one-dimensional high,and low-frequency waves.Classes of trigonometric and hyperbolic function solutions in fractional calculus are discussed.Graphical simulations of the numerical solutions are flaunted by MATLAB.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62061008,62071496,61901530)。
文摘Dear Editor,Dynamics and digital circuit implementation of the fractional-order Lorenz system are investigated by employing Adomian decomposition method(ADM).Dynamics of the fractional-order Lorenz system with derivative order and parameter varying is analyzed by means of Lyapunov exponents(LEs),bifurcation diagram.
文摘In regenerative medicine,the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)from the adipose tissue’s stromal vascular fraction(SVF)is a critical area of study.Our review meticulously examines the isolation process of MSCs,starting with the extraction of adipose tissue.The choice of liposuction technique,anatomical site,and immediate processing are essential to maintain cell functionality.We delve into the intricacies of enzymatic digestion,emphasizing the fine-tuning of enzyme concentrations to maximize cell yield while preventing harm.The review then outlines the filtration and centrifugation techniques necessary for isolating a purified SVF,alongside cell viability assessments like flow cytometry,which are vital for confirming the efficacy of the isolated MSCs.We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of using autologous vs allogeneic SVF sources,touching upon immunocompatibility and logistical considerations,as well as the variability inherent in donor-derived cells.Anesthesia choices,the selection between hypo-dermic needles vs liposuction cannulas,and the role of adipose tissue lysers in achieving cellular dissociation are evaluated for their impact on SVF isolation.Centrifugation protocols are also analyzed for their part in ensuring the integrity of the SVF.The necessity for standardized MSC isolation protocols is highlighted,promoting reproducibility and successful clinical application.We encourage ongoing research to deepen the understanding of MSC biology and therapeutic action,aiming to further the field of regenerative medicine.The review concludes with a call for rigorous research,interdisciplinary collaboration,and strict adherence to ethical and regulatory standards to safeguard patient safety and optimize treatment outcomes with MSCs.
基金supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2022–12M-C&TB-043).
文摘BACKGROUND The recently introduced ultrasonic flow ratio(UFR),is a novel fast computational method to derive fractional flow reserve(FFR)from intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)images.In the present study,we evaluate the diagnostic performance of UFR in patients with intermediate left main(LM)stenosis.METHODS This is a prospective,single center study enrolling consecutive patients with presence of intermediated LM lesions(diameter stenosis of 30%-80%by visual estimation)underwent IVUS and FFR measurement.An independent core laboratory assessed offline UFR and IVUS-derived minimal lumen area(MLA)in a blinded fashion.RESULTS Both UFR and FFR were successfully achieved in 41 LM patients(mean age,62.0±9.9 years,46.3%diabetes).An acceptable correlation between UFR and FFR was identified(r=0.688,P<0.0001),with an absolute numerical difference of 0.03(standard difference:0.01).The area under the curve(AUC)in diagnosis of physiologically significant coronary stenosis for UFR was 0.94(95%CI:0.87-1.01),which was significantly higher than angiographic identified stenosis>50%(AUC=0.66,P<0.001)and numerically higher than IVUS-derived MLA(AUC=0.82;P=0.09).Patient level diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity and specificity for UFR to identify FFR≤0.80 was 82.9%(95%CI:70.2-95.7),93.1%(95%CI:82.2-100.0),58.3%(95%CI:26.3-90.4),respectively.CONCLUSION In patients with intermediate LM diseases,UFR was proved to be associated with acceptable correlation and high accuracy with pressure wire-based FFR as standard reference.The present study supports the use of UFR for functional evaluation of intermediate LM stenosis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62071496,61901530,and 62061008)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(Grant No.2020JJ5767).
文摘In recent years,fractional-order chaotic maps have been paid more attention in publications because of the memory effect.This paper presents a novel variable-order fractional sine map(VFSM)based on the discrete fractional calculus.Specially,the order is defined as an iterative function that incorporates the current state of the system.By analyzing phase diagrams,time sequences,bifurcations,Lyapunov exponents and fuzzy entropy complexity,the dynamics of the proposed map are investigated comparing with the constant-order fractional sine map.The results reveal that the variable order has a good effect on improving the chaotic performance,and it enlarges the range of available parameter values as well as reduces non-chaotic windows.Multiple coexisting attractors also enrich the dynamics of VFSM and prove its sensitivity to initial values.Moreover,the sequence generated by the proposed map passes the statistical test for pseudorandom number and shows strong robustness to parameter estimation,which proves the potential applications in the field of information security.
基金This research was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation scheme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No.801342(Tecniospring INDUSTRYGrant:TECSPR-19-1-0003)+4 种基金the Ministry of Science and Innovation,Spain(Grants:PID2020-113320RB-I00,PID2020-113493RB-I00,RYC2021-034546-I and RYC2021-034764-I)the Catalan Agency for Management of University and Research Grants,Regional Government of Catalonia,Spain(Grants:2017-SGR-1229 and 2021-SGR-00900)the Seneca Foundation,Regional Government of Murcia,Spain(Grant:21935/PI/22)La Marato de TV3 Foundation(Grant:214/857-202039)and the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA).
文摘Background Protamination and condensation of sperm chromatin as well as DNA integrity play an essential role during fertilization and embryo development.In some mammals,like pigs,ejaculates are emitted in three separate fractions:pre-sperm,sperm-rich(SRF)and post sperm-rich(PSRF).These fractions are known to vary in volume,sperm concentration and quality,as well as in the origin and composition of seminal plasma(SP),with differences being also observed within the SRF one.Yet,whether disparities in the DNA integrity and chromatin condensation and pro-tamination of their sperm exist has not been interrogated.Results This study determined chromatin protamination(Chromomycin A3 test,CMA_(3)),condensation(Dibromobi-mane test,DBB),and DNA integrity(Comet assay)in the pig sperm contained in the first 10 m L of the SRF(SRF-P1),the remaining portion of the sperm-rich fraction(SRF-P2),and the post sperm-rich fraction(PSRF).While chromatin protamination was found to be similar between the different ejaculate fractions(P>0.05),chromatin condensation was seen to be greater in SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 than in the PSRF(P=0.018 and P=0.004,respectively).Regarding DNA integrity,no differences between fractions were observed(P>0.05).As the SRF-P1 has the highest sperm concentra-tion and ejaculate fractions are known to differ in antioxidant composition,the oxidative stress index(OSi)in SP,calcu-lated as total oxidant activity divided by total antioxidant capacity,was tested and confirmed to be higher in the SRF-P1 than in SRF-P2 and PSRF(0.42±0.06 vs.0.23±0.09 and 0.08±0.00,respectively;P<0.01);this index,in addition,was observed to be correlated to the sperm concentration of each fraction(Rs=0.973;P<0.001).Conclusion While sperm DNA integrity was not found to differ between ejaculate fractions,SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 were observed to exhibit greater chromatin condensation than the PSRF.This could be related to the OSi of each fraction.
文摘This article proposes a novel fractional heterogeneous neural network by coupling a Rulkov neuron with a Hopfield neural network(FRHNN),utilizing memristors for emulating neural synapses.The study firstly demonstrates the coexistence of multiple firing patterns through phase diagrams,Lyapunov exponents(LEs),and bifurcation diagrams.Secondly,the parameter related firing behaviors are described through two-parameter bifurcation diagrams.Subsequently,local attraction basins reveal multi-stability phenomena related to initial values.Moreover,the proposed model is implemented on a microcomputer-based ARM platform,and the experimental results correspond to the numerical simulations.Finally,the article explores the application of digital watermarking for medical images,illustrating its features of excellent imperceptibility,extensive key space,and robustness against attacks including noise and cropping.
基金supported by Chinese NSF project(42,130,114)the strategic priority research program(B)of CAS(XDB41000000)the pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies No.D020202 funded by Chinese National Space Administration(CNSA)and Guizhou Provincial 2021 Science and Technology Subsidies(No.GZ2021SIG).
文摘Isotope eff ects are pivotal in understanding silicate melt evaporation and planetary accretion processes.Based on the Hertz-Knudsen equation,the current theory often fails to predict observed isotope fractionations of laboratory experiments due to its oversimplified assumptions.Here,we point out that the Hertz-Knudsen-equation-based theory is incomplete for silicate melt evaporation cases and can only be used for situations where the vaporized species is identical to the one in the melt.We propose a new model designed for silicate melt evaporation under vacuum.Our model considers multiple steps including mass transfer,chemical reaction,and nucleation.Our derivations reveal a kinetic isotopic fractionation factor(KIFF orα)αour model=[m(^(1)species)/m(^(2)species)]^(0.5),where m(species)is the mass of the reactant of reaction/nucleation-limiting step or species of diffusion-limiting step and superscript 1 and 2 represent light and heavy isotopes,respectively.This model can eff ectively reproduce most reported KIFFs of laboratory experiments for various elements,i.e.,Mg,Si,K,Rb,Fe,Ca,and Ti.And,the KIFF-mixing model referring that an overall rate of evaporation can be determined by two steps jointly can account for the eff ects of low P_(H2)pressure,composition,and temperature.In addition,we find that chemical reactions,diffusion,and nucleation can control the overall rate of evaporation of silicate melts by using the fitting slope in ln(−ln f)versus ln(t).Notably,our model allows for the theoretical calculations of parameters like activation energy(E_(a)),providing a novel approach to studying compositional and environmental eff ects on evaporation processes,and shedding light on the formation and evolution of the proto-solar and Earth-Moon systems.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foun dation of China(Grant No.11274398).
文摘A significant obstacle impeding the advancement of the time fractional Schrodinger equation lies in the challenge of determining its precise mathematical formulation.In order to address this,we undertake an exploration of the time fractional Schrodinger equation within the context of a non-Markovian environment.By leveraging a two-level atom as an illustrative case,we find that the choice to raise i to the order of the time derivative is inappropriate.In contrast to the conventional approach used to depict the dynamic evolution of quantum states in a non-Markovian environment,the time fractional Schrodinger equation,when devoid of fractional-order operations on the imaginary unit i,emerges as a more intuitively comprehensible framework in physics and offers greater simplicity in computational aspects.Meanwhile,we also prove that it is meaningless to study the memory of time fractional Schrodinger equation with time derivative 1<α≤2.It should be noted that we have not yet constructed an open system that can be fully described by the time fractional Schrodinger equation.This will be the focus of future research.Our study might provide a new perspective on the role of time fractional Schrodinger equation.
基金This paper is supported by Chinese NSF project(42130114)the strategic priority research program(B)of CAS(XDB41000000)the pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies No.D020202 funded by Chinese National Space Administration(CNSA)。
文摘It is well-known that the equilibrium isotope fractionation of mercury(Hg)includes classical massdependent fractionations(MDFs)and nuclear volume effect(NVE)induced mass-independent fractionations(MIFs).However,the effect of the NVE on these kinetic processes is not known.The total fractionations(MDFs+NVEinduced MIFs)of several representative Hg-incorporated substances were selected and calculated with ab initio calculations in this work for both equilibrium and kinetic processes.NVE-induced MIFs were calculated with scaled contact electron densities at the nucleus through systematic evaluations of their accuracy and errors using the Gaussian09 and DIRAC19 packages(named the electron density scaling method).Additionally,the NVE-induced kinetic isotope effect(KIE)of Hg isotopes are also calculated with this method for several representative Hg oxidation reactions by chlorine species.Total KIEs for 202 Hg/^(198)Hg ranging from−2.27‰to 0.96‰are obtained.Three anomalous^(202)Hg-enriched KIEs(δ^(202)Hg/^(198)Hg=0.83‰,0.94‰,and 0.96‰,)caused by the NVE are observed,which are quite different from the classical view(i.e.,light isotopes react faster than the heavy ones).The electron density scaling method we developed in this study can provide an easier way to calculate the NVE-induced KIEs for heavy isotopes and serve to better understand the fractionation mechanisms of mercury isotope systems.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(21B0070)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20231452)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30922010809)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11801591,11971195,12071171,12171107,12201207,12371072)。
文摘For each real number x∈(0,1),let[a_(1)(x),a_(2)(x),…,a_n(x),…]denote its continued fraction expansion.We study the convergence exponent defined byτ(x)=inf{s≥0:∞∑n=1(a_(n)(x)a_(n+1)(x))^(-s)<∞},which reflects the growth rate of the product of two consecutive partial quotients.As a main result,the Hausdorff dimensions of the level sets ofτ(x)are determined.
文摘Let B^(H) be a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index 1/2≤H<1.In this paper,we consider the equation(called the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with a linear self-repelling drift)dX_(t)^(H)=dB_(t)^(H)+σ X_(t)^(H)dt+vdt-θ(∫_(0)^(t)(X_(t)^(H)-X_(s)^(H))ds)dt,whereθ<0,σ,v∈ℝ.The process is an analogue of self-attracting diffusion(Cranston,Le Jan.Math Ann,1995,303:87–93).Our main aim is to study the large time behaviors of the process.We show that the solution X^(H)diverges to infinity as t tends to infinity,and obtain the speed at which the process X^(H)diverges to infinity.
文摘The goal of this research is to develop a new,simplified analytical method known as the ARA-residue power series method for obtaining exact-approximate solutions employing Caputo type fractional partial differential equations(PDEs)with variable coefficient.ARA-transform is a robust and highly flexible generalization that unifies several existing transforms.The key concept behind this method is to create approximate series outcomes by implementing the ARA-transform and Taylor’s expansion.The process of finding approximations for dynamical fractional-order PDEs is challenging,but the ARA-residual power series technique magnifies this challenge by articulating the solution in a series pattern and then determining the series coefficients by employing the residual component and the limit at infinity concepts.This approach is effective and useful for solving a massive class of fractional-order PDEs.Five appealing implementations are taken into consideration to demonstrate the effectiveness of the projected technique in creating solitary series findings for the governing equations with variable coefficients.Additionally,several visualizations are drawn for different fractional-order values.Besides that,the estimated findings by the proposed technique are in close agreement with the exact outcomes.Finally,statistical analyses further validate the efficacy,dependability and steady interconnectivity of the suggested ARA-residue power series approach.
基金supported by the NSFC(12001252)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20232ACB211001)。
文摘This paper deals with the radial symmetry of positive solutions to the nonlocal problem(-Δ)_(γ)~su=b(x)f(u)in B_(1){0},u=h in R~N B_(1),where b:B_1→R is locally Holder continuous,radially symmetric and decreasing in the|x|direction,F:R→R is a Lipschitz function,h:B_1→R is radially symmetric,decreasing with respect to|x|in R^(N)/B_(1),B_(1) is the unit ball centered at the origin,and(-Δ)_γ~s is the weighted fractional Laplacian with s∈(0,1),γ∈[0,2s)defined by(-△)^(s)_(γ)u(x)=CN,slimδ→0+∫R^(N)/B_(δ)(x)u(x)-u(y)/|x-y|N+2s|y|^(r)dy.We consider the radial symmetry of isolated singular positive solutions to the nonlocal problem in whole space(-Δ)_(γ)^(s)u(x)=b(x)f(u)in R^(N)\{0},under suitable additional assumptions on b and f.Our symmetry results are derived by the method of moving planes,where the main difficulty comes from the weighted fractional Laplacian.Our results could be applied to get a sharp asymptotic for semilinear problems with the fractional Hardy operators(-Δ)^(s)u+μ/(|x|^(2s))u=b(x)f(u)in B_(1)\{0},u=h in R^(N)\B_(1),under suitable additional assumptions on b,f and h.