Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Used in Traditional Treatment of the Oral Pathology:The Ethnobotanical Survey in the Economic Capital Casablanca,Morocco(North Africa)

In order to identify the medicinal and aromatic plants most requested for the treatment of the most common oral pathology,an ethnobotanical survey was carried out in the economic capital Casablanca,Morocco.The data basis was obtained draw selected traditional herbalists based on the semi-structured questionnaire.Quantitative indices such as use value(UV),family UV(FUV),fidelity level and informant consensus factor(ICF)were intended to evaluate the importance of plant species.A total of 46 plants species belonging to 22 families that were used.Juglandaceae family showed the highest significance(FUV=0.75).We identified 40 species used for gum disease(gingivitis,periodontal abscess),15 for dental pain(toothache,tooth sensitivity),14 for halitosis,12 for oral ulcers(aphtous,mouth ulcers and herpes),3 for dental stain(teeth cleaning,sparkling and bleaching)and only 2 for tooth decay.The used plants are mainly prepared as decoction(80.4%).Syzygium aromaticum(UV=0.94)was the specie most commonly prescribed by local herbalists.The higher ICF(0.75)was registered for the use gum disease.

Doc Hay:A Chinese Herbalist Combating the 1918–1919 Influenza Pandemic in America

This is a story about a Chinese herbalist Ing“Doc”Hay who combated the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic in the America West.As an immigrant,he came to the States as a laborer,but he had knowledge of Chinese herbal medicine due to his family heritage.This made it possible for him to start practicing in the Chinese community in John Day,Oregon,until 1948 when he retired.During the time of the pandemic running wild in the 1910s,he prescribed formulas aimed at flu and boiled herbal decoction,personally delivering it to a working site for those Chinese laborers as well as non‑Chinese patients.None of the laborer patients treated by him died during this deadly pandemic.Due to his success and fame,his practice was booming even after the Chinese community disappeared in John Day in later years.Doc Hay is always remembered in the history of earlier development in eastern Oregon,so that the site of his practicing,Kam Wah Chung and Co.Building,is now a national historic landmark.And more importantly,he has also been remembered by Chinese herbal medicine practitioners in the United States.

Doc Hay: A Chinese Herbalist Combating the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic in America

This is a story about a Chinese herbalist Ing"Doc"Hay who combated the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic in the America West.As an immigrant,he came to the States as a laborer,but he had knowledge of Chinese herbal medicine due to his family heritage.This made it possible for him to start practicing in the Chinese community in John Day,Oregon,until 1948 when he retired.During the time of the pandemic miming wild in the 1910s,he prescribed formulas aimed at flu and boiled herbal decoction,personally delivering it to a working site for those Chinese laborers as well as non-Chinese patients.None of the laborer patients treated by him died during this deadly pandemic.Due to his success and fame,his practice was booming even after the Chinese community disappeared in John Day in later years.Doc Hay is always remembered in the history of earlier development in eastern Oregon,so that the site of his practicing,Kam Wah Chung and Co.Building,is now a national historic landmark.And more importantly,he has also been remembered by Chinese herbal medicine practitioners in the United States.

Assessment of perception of healthcare professionals regarding the use of herbal medicines in Islamabad, Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

Background The usage of herbal medicine for health care has gradually expanded because of its safety,effectiveness,cultural acceptance,and lack of negative effects in recent years all around the world.Plants and plant products have been used to heal and prevent illnesses with varying degrees of effectiveness throughout history.The main objective of the study is to evaluate the perception of healthcare professionals about the use of herbal medicines.Methods The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study design.The sample size was 382 participants;however,7 questionnaires were excluded because of invalid data.The 375 questionnaires were included by expert validation from which 77 were General Physicians,75 Pharmacists,74 Nutritionists,74 Nurses and 75 Herbalists.The study settings were hospitals,pharmacies&clinics of Islamabad.The data were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results Out of 375 respondents,54.7%(n=205)were males and 45.3%(n=170)were females.The majority of the respondents used internet 50.9%(n=191)as a source of information while 77.9%of participants consider that herbal medicines are safe because they are natural.Conclusion There was a significant difference seen in the perception of healthcare professionals regarding use of herbal medicines based on demographics.

Legacy of an Ancient Herbalist

LI Shizhen (1518-1593), born inQichun County, Hubei Province, wasa well-known traditional Chinese medicalscientist and botanist. He inheritedmedicinal knowledge from his father andspent a lot of time studying clinicalpractice and pharmaceuticals. He