目的研究影响饮用水中细菌总数测定的实验条件及理化指标。方法对我国北方某市市区配水管网中总余氯、自由余氯、浊度、可同化有机碳(assimilable organic carbon,AOC)等水质指标进行监测。结果采用R2A培养基(R2A Agar medium)及较长的...目的研究影响饮用水中细菌总数测定的实验条件及理化指标。方法对我国北方某市市区配水管网中总余氯、自由余氯、浊度、可同化有机碳(assimilable organic carbon,AOC)等水质指标进行监测。结果采用R2A培养基(R2A Agar medium)及较长的培养时间得到的细菌总数,能较好地反映饮用水中微生物的水平;余氯与细菌总数有较好的负相关关系;浊度与细菌总数之间存在较好的正相关关系,而AOC与细菌总数的比较,二者似乎无相关关系。结论在水质条件相对较为复杂的小区中,影响水质的因素很多,不能用单一指标代表,要综合考虑各种因素。展开更多
采用定量盘法(HPC for Quanti-Tray)与平皿计数法对水中菌落总数进行检测。比较结果显示,两种方法具有相关性,且没有统计学意义上的显著性差异。采用定量盘法测定水中菌落总数具有操作简便、结果容易读取、人为误差少、可以采用与总大...采用定量盘法(HPC for Quanti-Tray)与平皿计数法对水中菌落总数进行检测。比较结果显示,两种方法具有相关性,且没有统计学意义上的显著性差异。采用定量盘法测定水中菌落总数具有操作简便、结果容易读取、人为误差少、可以采用与总大肠菌群酶底物法检测同样的试验平台等优点,满足了实验室检测水中菌落总数的要求。展开更多
The efficiency of chlorine and chloramines disinfection on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system was investigated by using heterotrophic bacterial spread plate technique. The experiment...The efficiency of chlorine and chloramines disinfection on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system was investigated by using heterotrophic bacterial spread plate technique. The experiments were carried out with four annular reactors (ARs) with stainless steel (SS) or copper (Cu) material slides. The results showed that there were fewer bacteria attached to Cu slides without a disinfectant compared with those attached to SS slides. When the water was disinfected with chloramines, the heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) on the biofilm attached to the Cu slides were significantly lower (by 3.46 log CFU/cm2) than those attached to the SS slides. Likewise, the biofilm HPC numbers on the Cu slides were slightly lower (by 1.19 log CFU/cm2) than those on the SS slides disinfected with chlorine. In a quasi-steady state, the HPC levels on Cu slides can be reduced to 3.0 log CFU/cm2 with chlorine and to about 0.9 log CFU/cm2 with chloramines. The addition of chloramines resulted in a more efficient reduction of biofilm heterotrophic bacteria than did chlorine. We concluded that the chlorine and chloramines levels usually employed in water distribution system were not sufficient to prevent the growth and development of microbial biofilm. The combination of copper pipe slides and chloramines as the disinfectant was the most efficient combination to bring about diminished bacterial levels.展开更多
文摘目的研究影响饮用水中细菌总数测定的实验条件及理化指标。方法对我国北方某市市区配水管网中总余氯、自由余氯、浊度、可同化有机碳(assimilable organic carbon,AOC)等水质指标进行监测。结果采用R2A培养基(R2A Agar medium)及较长的培养时间得到的细菌总数,能较好地反映饮用水中微生物的水平;余氯与细菌总数有较好的负相关关系;浊度与细菌总数之间存在较好的正相关关系,而AOC与细菌总数的比较,二者似乎无相关关系。结论在水质条件相对较为复杂的小区中,影响水质的因素很多,不能用单一指标代表,要综合考虑各种因素。
文摘采用定量盘法(HPC for Quanti-Tray)与平皿计数法对水中菌落总数进行检测。比较结果显示,两种方法具有相关性,且没有统计学意义上的显著性差异。采用定量盘法测定水中菌落总数具有操作简便、结果容易读取、人为误差少、可以采用与总大肠菌群酶底物法检测同样的试验平台等优点,满足了实验室检测水中菌落总数的要求。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50878164)the National Key Technologies Supporting Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period (Nos. 2006BAJ08B02 and 2006BAJ08B06)the Program for Young Excellent Talents in Tongji University (No. 2007KJ016), China
文摘The efficiency of chlorine and chloramines disinfection on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system was investigated by using heterotrophic bacterial spread plate technique. The experiments were carried out with four annular reactors (ARs) with stainless steel (SS) or copper (Cu) material slides. The results showed that there were fewer bacteria attached to Cu slides without a disinfectant compared with those attached to SS slides. When the water was disinfected with chloramines, the heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) on the biofilm attached to the Cu slides were significantly lower (by 3.46 log CFU/cm2) than those attached to the SS slides. Likewise, the biofilm HPC numbers on the Cu slides were slightly lower (by 1.19 log CFU/cm2) than those on the SS slides disinfected with chlorine. In a quasi-steady state, the HPC levels on Cu slides can be reduced to 3.0 log CFU/cm2 with chlorine and to about 0.9 log CFU/cm2 with chloramines. The addition of chloramines resulted in a more efficient reduction of biofilm heterotrophic bacteria than did chlorine. We concluded that the chlorine and chloramines levels usually employed in water distribution system were not sufficient to prevent the growth and development of microbial biofilm. The combination of copper pipe slides and chloramines as the disinfectant was the most efficient combination to bring about diminished bacterial levels.
