Standard has played an important role in modern enterprises and society through the encouragement of technology innovation and distribution. Based on the survey of 30 typical enterprises in the field of automobile in ...Standard has played an important role in modern enterprises and society through the encouragement of technology innovation and distribution. Based on the survey of 30 typical enterprises in the field of automobile in Shanghai, this paper makes quantitative analysis on comprehensive contribution of standard to automobile industry and accomplishes the demonstration of standard comprehensive evaluation index system. The analysis shows that standardization makes obvious contribution to Shanghai automobile industry.展开更多
Assessment standard for green store building of national standard has been compiled. The index has been given by experts' subjective assignment based on experience. Analytic hierarchy process has been used,making ...Assessment standard for green store building of national standard has been compiled. The index has been given by experts' subjective assignment based on experience. Analytic hierarchy process has been used,making questionnaires of experts,using pairwise comparison and calculating the weight of each index. The weight of index in assessment would not only make quantitative evaluation on the whole situation of green store buildings,but also provide the foundation for compilation and revision.展开更多
Quantitative evaluation was conducted on rural tourist resources in Xichang City by national standard resources grading method and analytic hierarchy process. It was concluded that rural tourist resources in Xichang C...Quantitative evaluation was conducted on rural tourist resources in Xichang City by national standard resources grading method and analytic hierarchy process. It was concluded that rural tourist resources in Xichang City were diversified in resources type and high in resources value and there were excellent rural tourist resources. The study provided a scientific and quantitative evaluation for reasonable development of rural tourism.展开更多
The drought has enormous adverse effects on agriculture,water resources and environment,and causes damages around the world.Drought risk assessment and prioritization of drought management can help decision makers and...The drought has enormous adverse effects on agriculture,water resources and environment,and causes damages around the world.Drought risk assessment and prioritization of drought management can help decision makers and planners to manage the adverse effects of drought.This paper aims to determine the risk of drought in Iran.At the first stage,standardized precipitation index(SPI)was calculated for the period 1981–2016.Then the probability map of different drought classes or drought hazard probability map were prepared.After that the indicator-based vulnerability assessment method was used to determine the drought vulnerability index.Five indices including climate,topography,waterway density,land use and groundwater resources were chosen as the most critical factors of drought in Iran and followed by the analytical hierarchy process questionnaire,the weights of each index were obtained based on expert opinions.Fuzzy membership maps of each index and sub-index were prepared using ArcGIS software.The drought vulnerability map of Iran was plotted using these weights and maps of each indicator.Finally,the drought risk map of Iran was provided by multiplying drought hazard and vulnerability maps.According to the 43-completed questionnaires by experts,climate index has the highest vulnerability to drought.Climate does not have an important role in drought hazard index,but it is the most crucial factor to classified drought vulnerability index.The results showed that central,northeast,southeast and west parts of Iran are at high risks of drought.There are regions with different risks in Iran due to unusual weather and climatic conditions.We realized that the climate and the groundwater situation is almost the same in the central,east and south parts of Iran,because the land use plays a crucial role in the drought vulnerability and risk in these areas.The drought risk decreases from the center of Iran to the southwest and northwest.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Shanghai Technical Standard Project(Grant No.06DZ05134)
文摘Standard has played an important role in modern enterprises and society through the encouragement of technology innovation and distribution. Based on the survey of 30 typical enterprises in the field of automobile in Shanghai, this paper makes quantitative analysis on comprehensive contribution of standard to automobile industry and accomplishes the demonstration of standard comprehensive evaluation index system. The analysis shows that standardization makes obvious contribution to Shanghai automobile industry.
基金Sponsored by the National Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs of Ministry of Science & Technology of China(Grant No.2012BAJ10B02)
文摘Assessment standard for green store building of national standard has been compiled. The index has been given by experts' subjective assignment based on experience. Analytic hierarchy process has been used,making questionnaires of experts,using pairwise comparison and calculating the weight of each index. The weight of index in assessment would not only make quantitative evaluation on the whole situation of green store buildings,but also provide the foundation for compilation and revision.
基金Supported by Research Result of Key Subject of Postgraduate Scientific Research Initiation of Xichang College~~
文摘Quantitative evaluation was conducted on rural tourist resources in Xichang City by national standard resources grading method and analytic hierarchy process. It was concluded that rural tourist resources in Xichang City were diversified in resources type and high in resources value and there were excellent rural tourist resources. The study provided a scientific and quantitative evaluation for reasonable development of rural tourism.
文摘The drought has enormous adverse effects on agriculture,water resources and environment,and causes damages around the world.Drought risk assessment and prioritization of drought management can help decision makers and planners to manage the adverse effects of drought.This paper aims to determine the risk of drought in Iran.At the first stage,standardized precipitation index(SPI)was calculated for the period 1981–2016.Then the probability map of different drought classes or drought hazard probability map were prepared.After that the indicator-based vulnerability assessment method was used to determine the drought vulnerability index.Five indices including climate,topography,waterway density,land use and groundwater resources were chosen as the most critical factors of drought in Iran and followed by the analytical hierarchy process questionnaire,the weights of each index were obtained based on expert opinions.Fuzzy membership maps of each index and sub-index were prepared using ArcGIS software.The drought vulnerability map of Iran was plotted using these weights and maps of each indicator.Finally,the drought risk map of Iran was provided by multiplying drought hazard and vulnerability maps.According to the 43-completed questionnaires by experts,climate index has the highest vulnerability to drought.Climate does not have an important role in drought hazard index,but it is the most crucial factor to classified drought vulnerability index.The results showed that central,northeast,southeast and west parts of Iran are at high risks of drought.There are regions with different risks in Iran due to unusual weather and climatic conditions.We realized that the climate and the groundwater situation is almost the same in the central,east and south parts of Iran,because the land use plays a crucial role in the drought vulnerability and risk in these areas.The drought risk decreases from the center of Iran to the southwest and northwest.