Residual Capacity of Friction⁃Type High⁃Strength Bolted T⁃stub Connection with Nut Corrosion Damage

Corrosion is a primary cause of the slippage of friction⁃type high⁃strength bolted(FHSB)T⁃stub connections.This paper attempts to quantify the residual capacity of FHSB T⁃stub connections with corroded nuts.Firstly,corrosion simulation tests were conducted on 48 manually cut nuts to find out the relationship between the damage degree of nut section and the residual clamping force(RCF)of bolt.Then,static load tests were carried out on 24 FHSB T⁃stub connections with nuts of different degrees of damage to obtain the failure modes.By finite⁃element(FE)models,a comparative analysis was performed on the initial friction load(IFL)and ultimate strength(US)of each connection with corroded nuts.Finally,the parameters of 96 FE models for FHSB T⁃stub connections were analyzed and used to derive the calculation formulas for the degree of damage for each nut and the IFL and US of each connection.The results show that the RCF decay of a bolt is a quadratic function of the equivalent radius loss ratio and the shear failure after nut corrosion;the IFL of each connection had a clear linear correlation with the RCF of the corresponding bolts,and the correlation depends on the applied load and static friction on connecting plate interface induced by the clamping force;the static friction had little impact on the US of the connection;the proposed IFL and US formulas can effectively derive the residual anti⁃slip capacity of FHSB T⁃stub connections from the degree of damage of the corroded nut section.The research results provide a scientific basis for the replacement and maintenance of corroded bolts of FHSB T⁃stub connections.

Failure mechanism of bolting support and high-strength bolt-grouting technology for deep and soft surrounding rock with high stress

In deep underground mining, the surrounding rocks are very soft with high stress. Their deformation and destruction are serious, and frequent failures occur on the bolt support. The failure mechanism of bolt support is proposed to solve these problems. A calculation theory is established on the bond strength of the interface between the anchoring agent and surrounding rocks. An analysis is made on the influence law of different mechanical parameters of surrounding rocks on the interfacial bond strength. Based on the research, a new high-strength bolt-grouting technology is developed and applied on site. Besides, some helpful engineering suggestions and measures are proposed. The research shows that the serious deformation and failure, and the lower bond strength are the major factors causing frequent failures of bolt support. So, the bolt could not give full play to its supporting potential. It is also shown that as the integrity, strength, interface dilatancy and stress of surrounding rocks are improved, the bond strength will increase. So, the anchoring force on surrounding rocks can be effectively improved by employing an anchoring agent with high sand content, mechanical anchoring means, or grouting reinforcement. The new technology has advantages in a high strength, imposing pre-tightening force, and giving full play to the bolt supporting potential. Hence, it can improve the control effect on surrounding rocks. All these could be helpful references for the design of bolt support in deep underground mines.

Prying Force Calculation and Design Method for T-shaped Tensile Connector with High Strength Bolt

In order to establish the design method for T-shaped tensile connector with high strength bolt,the theoretical analysis is carried out. Firstly,it analyzes the performance of the connector and establishes prying force calculation model. Based on the model,prying force equation and function between bolt prying force and flange thickness is derived,and the min and max thickness requirement of flange plate under a certain tension load is then obtained. Finally,two simplified design methods of the connector are proposed,which are bolt pulling capacity method and flange plate bending capacity method.

Numerical Model Research on Rotational Performance of Beam-Column High-Strength Bolt Extension End-Plate Connection Node

The high-strength bolted end plate connection is widely used in the construction industry with its green environmental protection and excellent seismic performance. The joints of the joints are semi-rigid, the force performance is extremely complicated, and the experimental research cost is relatively high, and the cycle is very long. Therefore, the establishment of an efficient numerical model is of great significance for evaluating the force performance of high-strength bolt end plates. In this paper, the influence of different material models on the rotation performance of the joint is studied by numerical simulation, and the bending moment-rotation curve is obtained. The numerical simulation and the experimental results are in good agreement, so as to provide a reference for the design and application of this kind of joint.

新型承插式螺栓连接柱-柱节点抗拉性能研究

为实现模块化钢结构单元房间的上下连接,提出一种新型承插式螺栓连接柱-柱节点,以有无注浆、承插深度为参数设计并制作3个足尺节点试件,并对其进行抗拉试验,分析了各节点的破坏形态、应变分布以及承载能力等,探讨了该新型节点的抗拉性能.建立了数值分析模型,进行了轴拉荷载作用下的受力性能参数化分析,研究了承插深度、螺栓直径及内套筒厚度对节点抗拉承载力的影响.基于高强螺栓的抗剪承载力,提出了适用于该新型节点的抗拉承载力计算公式.研究结果表明:该新型节点可将轴向拉力有效传递至高强螺栓,试件破坏时均出现高强螺栓群被剪断,灌浆节点试件发生破坏时,出现钢材与灌浆料界面的黏结破坏及螺栓周围局部灌浆料的压碎;高强螺栓群在拉力荷载作用下呈端部螺栓受剪较大、中心螺栓受剪较小的分布,试件破坏时,各螺栓承受的剪力趋于相等;灌浆节点与无浆节点相比,灌浆料与高强螺栓协同工作性能良好,弹性阶段最大摩擦力平均值提高64.4%,极限抗拉承载力提高14.1%;承插深度由300 mm增至500 mm,节点极限抗拉承载力提高80.9%;承插深度和螺栓直径对节点抗拉承载力影响较大,内套筒厚度对节点抗拉承载力的影响较小;根据提出的节点抗拉承载力计算公式得到的计算值与有限元模拟值吻合良好.

1300 MPa High Strength Steel for Bolt with Superior Delayed Fracture Resistance

By the increase in Mo content,the addition of microalloying elements V and Nb and by reducing the contents of Mn,P and S based on the composition of steel 42 CrMo,we have developed a 1 300 MPa-grade high strength steel(ADF1)for bolts.The sustained load bending test,sustained load tensile test and stress corrosion cracking test have been carried out to evaluate the delayed fracture resistance of steel ADFl and commercial steel 42 CrMo.The results showed that steel ADF1 has superior delayed fracture resistance to that of 42 CrMo steel.It's concluded that the superior delayed fracture resistance of ADF1 is mainly due to the increase of tempering temperature,fine homogeneously distributed MC carbide and fine prior austenite grain size.

钢-预制UHPC组合梁中高强螺栓剪力键群的抗剪性能试验研究

为研究高强螺栓作为钢-预制UHPC组合梁剪力键的抗剪性能,共设计15个推出试件,探究螺栓间距和螺栓数量对试件的破坏模式、荷载-滑移曲线、极限承载力、延性和初始抗剪刚度的影响。试验结果表明,推出试件的主要破坏模式为螺栓剪力键剪断,同时在螺栓剪切面下端有局部UHPC受压剥落,UHPC预制板只在剪力槽四周出现细微裂缝。减小螺栓间距会导致试件的抗剪性能降低;而增加螺栓数量可以有效地提高试件的抗剪性能,但也会导致单栓初始抗剪刚度下降。分析国内外现行钢-混凝土组合梁中剪力键的抗剪承载力计算公式,并以此提出一条更适用于钢-预制UHPC组合梁中高强螺栓剪力键群的抗剪承载力计算公式。对比提出公式的计算值与试验值,两者的平均比值、标准差和变异系数分别为1.02、0.02和0.02。

螺栓连接的装配式钢-混凝土组合梁抗弯性能试验研究

为了明确摩擦型高强螺栓在钢-混凝土组合梁中的适用性,以螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁足尺试件为对象开展抗弯性能试验,获得了螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁的极限承载力、初始抗弯刚度以及界面滑移等数据。此外,采用ABAQUS软件建立了螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁有限元模型,并通过试验验证了模型的可靠性。在此基础上,进行了参数化分析,讨论了螺栓预紧力和螺栓等级对螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁抗弯性能的影响。研究结果表明:试件呈现典型的弯曲破坏,螺栓连接件产生的界面摩擦力可以很好地传递纵向剪力,使螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁具有较高的初始抗弯刚度、承载力和塑性变形能力;螺栓预紧力的增大对螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁的极限承载力和初始抗弯刚度影响较小,但可有效提高其滑移荷载;螺栓等级的提高将导致螺栓连接钢-混凝土组合梁的初始抗弯刚度和滑移荷载降低。该研究结果为高强螺栓在装配式组合梁中的应用提供了参考。

钢-超薄UHPC组合构件新型界面连接的抗剪性能

为实现预制UHPC薄板与钢构件的装配式连接、后期可拆卸等目标,以及针对钢-超薄超高性能混凝土(ultra high performance concrete,UHPC)组合桥面体系中UHPC层过薄而无法采用常规抗剪连接件的问题,提出一种由预埋带垫加长套筒、高强螺栓连接组成的新型抗剪连接方式。开展了6组新型螺栓连接件的推出试验,包括5组高强螺栓和1组负泊松比螺栓连接件,分析了新型连接件的破坏形态及荷载-滑移曲线特征,研究了螺栓直径、螺栓长径比、螺栓种类等参数对极限滑移、抗剪刚度等力学性能的影响,研究结果表明:新型螺栓连接件的破坏形态均为螺栓杆被剪断,预埋带垫加长套筒底部的UHPC无损坏压溃现象;新型高强螺栓连接件的抗剪承载力、界面相对滑移随高强螺栓的直径增大而增大;高强螺栓连接件的抗剪承载力约为螺栓抗拉强度的55.8%,故建议在钢-UHPC组合构件中采用较大直径的高强螺栓连接件,有效减少抗剪连接件的数量;而负泊松比螺栓的抗剪承载力和抗剪刚度明显较小,但极限滑移却明显增大,表现出良好的延性,建议将负泊松比螺栓应用于钢-UHPC组合构件的负弯矩区段,避免负弯矩区段出现开裂。

Dynamic fracture toughness of high strength metals under impact loading:increase or decrease

An elusive phenomenon is observed in previous investigations on dynamic fracture that the dynamic fracture toughness （DFT） of high strength metals always increases with the loading rate on the order of TPa.m1/2.s-1. For the purpose of verification, variation of DFT with the loading rate for two high strength steels commonly used in the aviation industry, 30CrMnSiA and 40Cr, is studied in this work. Results of the experiments are compared, which were conducted on the modified split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB） apparatus, with striker velocities ranging from 9.2 to 24.1 m/s and a constant value of 16.3 m/s for 30CrMnSiA and 40Cr, respectively. It is observed that for 30CrMnSiA, the crack tip loading rate increases with the increase of the striker velocity, while the fracture initiation time and the DFT simultaneously decrease. However, in the tests of 40Cr, there is also an increasing tendency of DFT, similar to other reports. Through an in-depth investigation on the relationship between the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the loading rate, it is concluded that the generally increasing tendency in previous studies could be false, which is induced from a limited striker velocity domain and the errors existing in the experimental and numerical processes. To disclose the real dependency of DFT on the loading rate, experimentsneed to be performed in a comparatively large striker velocity range.

拉剪复合作用下钢-混凝土组合梁高强螺栓连接件的力学性能研究

为了探究钢-混凝土组合梁高强螺栓连接件在拉剪复合作用下的承载性能,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了推出试件有限元模型,并通过与试验结果对比验证了数值模拟的可靠性。探讨了拉拔力荷载、螺栓预拉力、混凝土强度、螺栓预留孔隙和摩擦系数等参数对极限抗剪承载力、极限滑移和滑移后刚度的影响。分析结果表明:高强螺栓连接件的抗剪承载力随着拉拔力荷载的增大而减小,随着螺栓预拉力、混凝土强度和摩擦系数的增大而提高,预留孔隙对抗剪承载力影响较小,但对刚度影响较大。提出螺栓抗拉剪共同作用承载力计算公式,在拉剪共同作用极限状态下,剪力施力比随拉力施力比的增加而减小,二者呈线性负相关关系。

栓接装配式钢-混凝土组合梁及其抗剪键的力学性能研究

为了探究摩擦型高强度螺栓在装配式钢-混凝土组合梁中的适用性,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立推出试件和简支梁试件的有限元模型。在试验结果验证模拟可靠性的基础上,研究螺栓预拉力、螺栓孔径、混凝土强度和螺栓强度等因素对单个抗剪键及整体组合梁的影响。分析结果表明:抗剪键的受力过程分为摩擦、滑移、承压和破坏4个阶段;螺栓预拉力、混凝土强度的增大有利于提高摩擦型高强度螺栓的极限承载力和承压抗剪刚度,较大的混凝土孔隙显著降低了螺栓抗剪刚度;提高螺栓预紧力或提高混凝土强度均可增强钢与混凝土部件的组合作用,相反,在抗剪连接程度不变的情况下,提高螺栓等级导致界面刚度分布不均,不利于滑移控制。

Research on Bolt Support Technology in Soft Coal Seam Roadway

In order to solve the problem of surrounding rock control in soft coal seam roadway, taking the centralized return airway of No. 2 coal seam in Liangdu Coal Industry as the research background, the mechanical conditions of roadway surrounding rock were analyzed by means of field investigation, rock mechanics experiment and numerical simulation. The design principles of roadway support in soft coal seam were put forward: high strength anchor cable support, high preload support and high stiffness support. The bearing capacity of surrounding rock was strengthened by anchor cable support, and the deformation and failure of surrounding rock were effectively controlled. Through the numerical simulation method, the deformation and plastic failure range of roadwaysunder different support schemes are compared and analyzed. The support scheme of centralized transportation roadway is studied and determined, and the field test is carried out, which effectively controls the deformation of surrounding rock of roadway in weak coal seam.

喷砂处理钢板高强度螺栓摩擦型连接循环抗剪试验研究

为了解决地震下高强度螺栓抗剪连接承载力性能的问题,对钢板喷砂处理的不同螺栓尺寸和孔型的36个高强度螺栓抗剪连接件进行了双剪、单剪和夹紫铜片双剪的循环加载试验,获得了连接件抗剪承载力、抗滑移系数、滑移前变形、刚度、滑移后的滑动承载力、实测摩擦因数、名义摩擦因数和螺栓拉力。结果表明:双剪连接刚度大,单剪连接滑移前变形是双剪连接的1.8倍;在喷砂钢板间夹紫铜片后抗滑移系数提高约16.1%并可减小摩擦力离散性和滑移噪声;螺栓垫圈与喷砂钢板间的摩擦力对单剪抗剪承载力有提高作用;提出修正的单剪连接抗滑移承载力公式;给出双剪、单剪和夹紫铜片双剪连接的滑移前变形建议取值,提出3类连接的滑动承载力公式。

方钢管柱对穿螺栓柱-柱拼接节点轴压承载性能试验研究

小尺寸闭口截面柱的螺栓拼接技术国内外研究较少,提出了一种新型的以内套筒作为连接件,以高强度螺栓和对穿螺栓作为紧固件的拼接节点形式。通过轴压破坏试验分析节点的受力特性、承载力和破坏方式,提出节点强度设计建议。结果表明,节点连接安全可靠,但由于存在螺栓滑移,适用于承受静力荷载和间接承受动力荷载的连接中。

端板攻丝高强度螺栓连接受力性能试验研究

对10.9S级M16、M20高强度螺栓和Q345B端板攻丝连接与传统高强度螺栓连接受力性能进行试验对比,研究了其在单向受拉、单向受剪以及拉-剪复合受力状态下的破坏形态、受力机理和极限承载能力。试验结果表明:单向受拉时,极限承载能力和变形与传统连接方式基本一致;单向受剪时,即使是厚径比为0.8的M20螺栓,仍可实现栓杆剪断,而端板攻丝孔内牙体无明显变形破坏且攻丝连接件形式早期滑移量明显较小;拉-剪复合受力时,随着拉剪比从0.58增大到1.73,破坏形态由剪切破坏转变为受拉破坏。因此,为确保端板攻丝牙体无明显破坏,应考虑螺栓与板厚的合理设计,建议M20螺栓在单向受拉和拉-剪复合受力时厚径比不小于0.9d,3种受力状态下高强度螺栓端板攻丝连接方式的承载力与传统连接方式基本一致。试验结果分析可为工程设计提供参考依据。

钢-混凝土组合梁高强螺栓抗剪连接件受剪性能

采用ABAQUS有限元软件对钢-混凝土组合梁高强螺栓抗剪连接件的受剪性能进行三维实体有限元非线性分析,模型考虑钢梁、混凝土板和高强螺栓等材料非线性以及各部件之间的接触关系,在试验验证的基础上探讨混凝土强度以及高强螺栓直径、屈服强度、长径比和预紧力等参数对抗剪承载力的影响,分析结果表明:高强螺栓连接件的抗剪承载力随混凝土强度、螺栓直径与屈服强度的增大而提高。通过拟合建立考虑混凝土强度、高强螺栓直径和屈服强度影响的单个连接件抗剪承载力计算式,并对现行规范中栓钉受剪计算公式和国外学者及本文提出的高强螺栓受剪计算公式的计算值进行比较,结果表明本文提出的计算式具有较高的精度。

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁单边高强螺栓端板连接框架的拟静力试验研究

为获悉半刚性钢管混凝土框架结构在地震作用下的抗震性能和破坏机理,进行2榀两层单跨钢管混凝土柱与钢梁单边高强螺栓端板连接框架试件的拟静力试验,包括1个圆形和1个方形钢管混凝土框架。研究柱截面类型和端板类型对框架破坏形式和抗震性能的影响。详细地观察了框架在低周反复荷载作用下的受力全过程和破坏特征,分析此类结构的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、强度和刚度退化规律、耗能能力等抗震性能指标,并结合现有规范评价结构的延性。试验结果表明,此类半刚性连接钢管混凝土框架结构具有良好的滞回性能和耗能能力,其延性系数μ=2.41-3.75,能量耗散系数E=0.823-0.955;在柱截面含钢率相同条件下,方钢管混凝土框架试件的极限承载力和耗能能量均高于圆钢管混凝土框架试件;梁柱节点采用单边高强螺栓端板连接具有典型的半刚性特征,连接可靠和耗能效果好。研究成果将为我国装配式组合结构设计理论与应用提供科学依据。

高强螺栓连接钢梁-混凝土柱组合节点的抗震性能

提出了一种螺栓端板连接的钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱新型组合节点,为了研究这种新型节点的抗震性能,对两组足尺试件进行了模拟地震加载试验。试验结果表明,两组试件均具有较高的承载力、良好的延性和耗能能力,它们的延性系数都超过4。由于试件JD02采用了比试件JD01更厚的端板、更大直径的高强螺栓,破坏形态由JD01的螺栓断裂变成JD02螺栓断裂同时还发生梁铰破坏。结果表明,JD02具有更高的承载力、更大的延性和更好的耗能能力。由试验结果可看出,这种新型节点具有优良的抗震性能;影响其抗震性能的主要因素是高强螺栓的预拉力和端板的厚度。

钢板加固螺栓球节点力学性能试验研究

针对螺栓球节点高强螺栓漏拧、少拧的情况,实际工程中常采用焊接钢板加固螺栓球节点来保障螺栓球节点承载力。为探究钢板加固螺栓球节点的破坏形式及极限承载力规律,对三组高强螺栓拧入深度0.5d(d为螺栓直径)螺栓球节点采用钢板加固并进行受拉承载力试验。试验结果表明,钢板加固螺栓球节点虽能提高节点的承载力,但试件高强螺栓和钢板变形很难协调,共同受力不理想,易发生局部破坏。故对原有加固方法进行改进,并进行加固后螺栓球节点拉伸破坏试验。结果表明,改进后的钢板加固螺栓球节点力学性能得到很好的提升,可为螺栓节点加固提供保障。