Diagnostic ability of ganglion cell complex thickness to detect glaucoma in high myopia eyes by Fourier domain optical coherence tomography

AIM：To evaluate the ability of macular ganglion cell complex（GCC） thickness using Fourier domain optical coherence tomography（FD-OCT） to detect glaucoma in highly myopic eyes.METHODS：Cross-sectional study.A total of 114 participants,consecutively were enrolled.Macular GCC thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL） thickness were obtained with RTVue FD-OCT.Receiver operating characteristics curves were constructed for each measurement parameter,and areas under the curves（AUCs） were compared.RESULTS：Both the average GCC and average RNFL thickness showed negative correlations with axial length（rGCC=-0.404,P=0.001;rRNFL=-0.561,P〈0.001）.The largest AUCs from GCC,and RNFL parameters were 0.968 [global loss volume（GLV）],and 0.855（average RNFL）,respectively.GLV was significantly better for detecting high myopic glaucoma than average RNFL（P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION：Macular GCC thickness has higher diagnostic power than peripapillary RNFL thickness to discriminate glaucoma patients from non-glaucoma subjects in high myopia.

Complex Precipitation Mechanism of Ti-Nb-V Microalloyed Bainitic Base High Strength Steel

The addition of high Ti(>0.1%) in microalloyed bainitic high strength steel was designed, and the precipitation morphology of steels with different Ti, Nb, and V contents was studied by utilizing transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Based on the classical nucleation-crystal growth theory and the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation, the precipitation thermodynamic and kinetic model of second phase particles in austenite was established in the form of(Nbx,Vy,Tiz)C, and the complex precipitation mechanism of second phase particles was emphatically studied. The experimental results show that the complex precipitation particles could be divided into two categories: the coarser particles with about 100 nm grain size and the independent complex precipitation particles in the form of(Nb,V,Ti)C with 35-50 nm grain size. The latter has a better precipitation strengthening effect, and the calculated PTT curve shows a typical "C" shape. When the deformed storage energy is 3 820 J·mol^-1, the fastest precipitation temperature of calculated PTT curve is 925℃, and the calculated result is essentially consistent with experimental values. The increase of Ti content increased the nose point temperature and expanded the range of fastest precipitation temperature.

Highly Efficient Organic Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on Re(I) Complexes

High response organic ultraviolet photodetectors（UV-PDs） were demonstrated with 4,4＇,4”- tris[3-methyl-pheny（phenyl）amino]triphenylamine（m-MTDATA） and two Re（Ⅰ） complexes, （bathocuproine）- Re（CO）3CI（Re-BCP） and （bathophenanthroline）Re（CO）3Cl（Re-Bphen） to act as the electron donor and acceptor, re- spectively. UV-PDs have the configuration of indium tin oxide（ITO）/m-MTDATA（25 nm）/m-MTDATA：Re-complex （25-35 nm）/Re-complex（20 nm）/LiF（l nm）/Al（200 nm） with different blend layer thicknesses of 25, 30 and 35 nm. The optimized PD based on Re-Bphen offers a corrected-dark photocurrent up to 760μA/cm^2 at -10 V, corresponding to a response of 310 mA/W which is among the best values reported for organic UV-PDs. Excellent electron transport ability makes for such high photo-to-electron conversion.

Geochemical Characteristics of Archean High-Grade Terrain of Kongling Complex and Early Crustal Evolution of Yangtze Craton

This paper reports the systematic studies of geochemistry on the meta sedimentary rocks, felsic gneisses and amphibolites of the Kongling complex from the Archean high grade terrain of the Yangtze craton. It shows that the amphibolites originated from a weakly depleted mantle resource. Nb negative anomaly, negative ε (Nd, t ) and the t DM ages which older than their isochron ages of the TTG gneisses imply the possible existence of the crust older than round about 2.7 Ga in the region. Three types of meta sedimentary rocks are identified from the Kongling complex. The first type originated from the juvenile crust with the features of the first cycle sedimentary rocks. Cratonic sedimentary rocks characterize the second type. Mobilization of REE and other elements resulted from partial melting during the migmatization is found in the third type of meta sedimentary rocks. Apart from the early TTG gneisses, some of the mafic rocks are also expected to be the source rocks of the first type of para rocks. The deposition times of the first and second type paragneisses are closed in the Neoarchean of about 2.7 Ga and the early period of Proterozoic respectively, and the period when cratonization of the Yangtze continental block completed is referred to be earlier than the Mesoproterozoic. Nd isotopic tracing on the magma sources of the Jinning granitic rocks in the region reveals that the major part of the Kongling basement is Neoarchean.

High-efficiency forming processes for complex thin-walled titanium alloys components: state-of-the-art and perspectives

Complex thin-walled titanium alloy components play a key role in the aircraft,aerospace and marine industries,offering the advantages of reduced weight and increased thermal resistance.The geometrical complexity,dimensional accuracy and in-service properties are essential to fulfill the high-performance standards required in new transportation systems,which brings new challenges to titanium alloy forming technologies.Traditional forming processes,such as superplastic forming or hot pressing,cannot meet all demands of modern applications due to their limited properties,low productivity and high cost.This has encouraged industry and research groups to develop novel high-efficiency forming processes.Hot gas pressure forming and hot stamping-quenching technologies have been developed for the manufacture of tubular and panel components,and are believed to be the cut-edge processes guaranteeing dimensional accuracy,microstructure and mechanical properties.This article intends to provide a critical review of high-efficiency titanium alloy forming processes,concentrating on latest investigations of controlling dimensional accuracy,microstructure and properties.The advantages and limitations of individual forming process are comprehensively analyzed,through which,future research trends of high-efficiency forming are identified including trends in process integration,processing window design,full cycle and multi-objective optimization.This review aims to provide a guide for researchers and process designers on the manufacture of thin-walled titanium alloy components whilst achieving high dimensional accuracy and satisfying performance properties with high efficiency and low cost.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors in Alzheimer＇s disease： highly localized remodeling of a complex and diverse signaling pathway

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, the predominant form of dementia, is a chronic, incurable neurodegenerative disorder presenting with symptoms includ- ing progressive memory loss and disturbed emotional state. It has been estimated that dementia affects over 47 million people worldwide （Prince et al., 2015）, and with 60-80% of cases attributable to AD.

Highly Efficient Greenish-Yellow Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on a Novel 2,3-Diphenylimidazo[1,2-a]Pyridine Iridium(Ⅲ) Complex

A cyclometalated greenish-yellow emitter 2,3-diphenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine iridium（Ill） complex is successfully synthesized and used to fabricate phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. The optimized device exhibits a greenish-yellow emission with the peak at 523nm and a strong shoulder at 557nm, corresponding to Commission Internationale de l＇Eclairage coordinates of （0.38, 0.68）. The full width at half maximum of the device is 93 nm, which is broader than the fac-tris（2-phenylpyridine）iridium [Ir（ppy）3] based reference device of 78 nm. Meanwhile, a maximum current efficiency of 62.6 cd/A （47.51m/W） is obtained. This result is higher than a maximum current efficiency of 54.8 cd/A （431m/W） of the Ir（ppy）a based device. The results indicate that this new iridium complex may have potential applications in fabricating high color rendering index white organic light emitting diodes.

A high order boundary scheme to simulate complex moving rigid body under impingement of shock wave

In the paper, we study a high order numerical boundary scheme for solving the complex moving boundary problem on a fixed Cartesian mesh, and numerically investigate the moving rigid body with the complex boundary under the impingement of an inviscid shock wave. Based on the high order inverse Lax-Wendroff(ILW) procedure developed in the previous work(TAN, S. and SHU, C. W. A high order moving boundary treatment for compressible inviscid flows. Journal of Computational Physics, 230(15),6023–6036(2011)), in which the authors only considered the translation of the rigid body,we consider both translation and rotation of the body in this paper. In particular, we reformulate the material derivative on the moving boundary with no-penetration condition, and the newly obtained formula plays a key role in the proposed algorithm. Several numerical examples, including cylinder, elliptic cylinder, and NACA0012 airfoil, are given to indicate the effectiveness and robustness of the present method.

Effect of RE Complex Inoculation on the Fatigue Wear Behaviours of High Chromium Cast Iron

Inoculation of high chromium cast iron is made by RE complex inoculant. Influence of inoculating on rolling fatigue wear characteristics of high chromium cast iron is investigated. The experimental resutls indicate that high chromium cast iron inoculated by RE complex inoculation is improved in structure and properties, i. e. fatigue wear sevice life is prolonged and relative wear resistance is increased greatly.

Fluid-induced high-temperature metasomatism at Rundv?gshetta in the Lützow-Holm Complex, East Antarctica: Implications for the role of brine during granulite formation

We report new petrological, phase equilibria modeling, and fluid inclusion data for pelitic and mafic granulites from Rundv?gshetta in the highest-grade region of the Neoproterozoic Lützow-Holm Complex(LHC),East Antarctica, and provide unequivocal evidence for fluid-rock interaction and high-temperature metasomatism in the presence of brine fluid. The studied locality is composed dominantly of well-foliated pelitic granulite(K-feldspar+quartz+sillimanite+garnet+ilmenite) with foliation-parallel bands and/or layers of mafic granulite(plagioclase+orthopyroxene+garnet+ilmenite+quartz+biotite). The boundary between the two lithologies is defined by thin(about 1 -20 cm in thick) garnet-rich layers with a common mineral assemblage of garnet+plagioclase+quartz+ilmenite+biotite ? orthopyroxene. Systematic increase of grossular and decrease of pyrope contents in garnet as well as decreasing Mg/(Fe+Mg) ratio of biotite from the pelitic granulite to garnet-rich rock and mafic granulite suggest that the garnet-rich layer was formed by metasomatic interaction between the two granulite lithologies. Phase equilibria modeling in the system NCKFMASHTO demonstrates that the metasomatism took place at 850 -860℃, which is slightly lower than the peak metamorphism of this region, and the modal abundance of garnet is the highest along the metapeliteemetabasite boundary(up to 40%), which is consistent with the field and thin section observations. The occurrence of brine(7.0 -10.9 wt.% Na Cleqfor ice melting or 25.1 -25.5 wt.% NaC leqfor hydrohalite melting) fluid inclusions as a primary phase trapped within plagioclase in the garnet-rich layer and the occurrence of Cl-rich biotite(Cl = 0.22 -0.60 wt.%) in the metasomatic rock compared to that in pelitic(0.15 -0.24 wt.%) and mafic(0.06-0.13 wt.%) granulites suggest infiltration of brine fluid could have given rise to the high-temperature metasomatism. The fluid might have been derived from external sources possibly related to the formation of major suture zones formed during the Gondwana amalgamation.

Large deformation and failure mechanism analyses of Tangba high slope with a high-intensity and complex excavation process

The Tangba high slope is mainly composed of coarse soils and supplies core wall materials for the construction of the Changheba dam. Since the filling intensity of the Changheba dam is high, the Tangba high slope suffers from a high-intensity excavation process, and reinforcement measures are usually not implemented immediately. Moreover, the distribution of useful materials is uneven and insufficient, and the mixing of different soil materials is necessary; thus, multiple simultaneous excavations and secondary excavation are inevitable. In the construction period from 2012 to 2016, large deformations occurred in this area, and one of the largest monitored horizontal deformations whose direction points to the opposite side of the valley even reached more than 8000 mm. According to field investigation, site monitoring and theoretical analysis, the large deformation in the Tangba high slope can be divided into two phases. In the first phase, the excavation construction breaks the original stress equilibrium state; in the second phase, the precipitation infiltration accelerates the deformation. Thus, the excavation construction and precipitation infiltration are the two major factors promoting the deformation, and the high-intensity and complex excavation process is the fundamental cause. Notably, rate of slope deformation significantly accelerated in rainy seasons due to precipitation infiltration; the rate also accelerated in early 2016 due to the high-intensity, complex excavation process. Comprehensively considering the above factors, timely and effective reinforcement measures are essential.

Rapid identifying high-influence nodes in complex networks

A tiny fraction of influential individuals play a critical role in the dynamics on complex systems. Identifying the influential nodes in complex networks has theoretical and practical significance. Considering the uncertainties of network scale and topology, and the timeliness of dynamic behaviors in real networks, we propose a rapid identifying method（RIM）to find the fraction of high-influential nodes. Instead of ranking all nodes, our method only aims at ranking a small number of nodes in network. We set the high-influential nodes as initial spreaders, and evaluate the performance of RIM by the susceptible-infected-recovered（SIR） model. The simulations show that in different networks, RIM performs well on rapid identifying high-influential nodes, which is verified by typical ranking methods, such as degree, closeness, betweenness,and eigenvector centrality methods.

Thermodynamics of clayedrug complex dispersions: Isothermal titration calorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography

An understanding of the thermodynamics of the complexation process utilized in sustaining drug release in clay matrices is of great importance.Several characterisation techniques as well as isothermal calorimetry were utilized in investigating the adsorption process of a model cationic drug(diltiazem hydrochloride,DIL)onto a pharmaceutical clay system(magnesium aluminium silicate,MAS).X-ray powder diffraction(XRPD),attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATRFTIR)and optical microscopy confirmed the successful formation of the DIL-MAS complexes.Drug quantification from the complexes demonstrated variable behaviour in the differing media used with DIL degrading to desacetyl diltiazem hydrochloride(DC-DIL)in the 2 M HCl media.Here also,the authors report for the first time two binding processes that occurred for DIL and MAS.A competitor binding model was thus proposed and the thermodynamics obtained suggested their binding processes to be enthalpy driven and entropically unfavourable.This information is of great importance for a formulator as care and consideration should be given with appropriate media selection as well as the nature of binding in complexes.

Fairness in Olympic sports:How can we control the increasing complexity of doping use in high performance sports?

With the Rio Olympics just a few months past,we remember the excitement,the incredible performances,and the controversies.As happens so often,the Olympic Games focus attention not only on athletic achievements but also on how athletes may reach ever-increasing levels of performance.Doping,medical

SVNTHESES AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO HIGH VALENCE VANADIUM COMPLEXES (?) SCHIFF-BASE LIGAND WITH RICH PHENOLATE OXVGEN AND THEIR CONVERSION

Two vanadium complexes of schiff base vith rich phenolate oxygen,o-(?)-salicylideneamino- methylphenol,had been synthesized and characterized.One is a V(Ⅳ)complex with an interaction via vanadyl oxygen and the other is a novel dinuclear V(V,V)complex with an oxo bridge.The conversion between the two complexes had been discussed.

Multiresolution method for bending of plates with complex shapes

A high-accuracy multiresolution method is proposed to solve mechanics problems subject to complex shapes or irregular domains.To realize this method,we design a new wavelet basis function,by which we construct a fifth-order numerical scheme for the approximation of multi-dimensional functions and their multiple integrals defined in complex domains.In the solution of differential equations,various derivatives of the unknown function are denoted as new functions.Then,the integral relations between these functions are applied in terms of wavelet approximation of multiple integrals.Therefore,the original equation with derivatives of various orders can be converted to a system of algebraic equations with discrete nodal values of the highest-order derivative.During the application of the proposed method,boundary conditions can be automatically included in the integration operations,and relevant matrices can be assured to exhibit perfect sparse patterns.As examples,we consider several second-order mathematics problems defined on regular and irregular domains and the fourth-order bending problems of plates with various shapes.By comparing the solutions obtained by the proposed method with the exact solutions,the new multiresolution method is found to have a convergence rate of fifth order.The solution accuracy of this method with only a few hundreds of nodes can be much higher than that of the finite element method(FEM)with tens of thousands of elements.In addition,because the accuracy order for direct approximation of a function using the proposed basis function is also fifth order,we may conclude that the accuracy of the proposed method is almost independent of the equation order and domain complexity.

High efficiency spreading spectrum modulation using double orthogonal complex sequences

This paper presents a novel scheme of high efficiency spreading spectrum modulation using double orthogonal complex sequences(DoCS).In this scheme,input data bit-stream is split into many groups with length M.Each group is then mapped into a word of width M and then utilized to select one sequence from 2M-2 DoCS sequences each with length L.After that,the selected sequence is modulated on carrier in quadrature phase shift keying(QPSK) mode.In addition,a new method named forward phase correction(FPC) is put forward for carrier recovery.Theoretical analysis and bit-error-ratio(BER) experiment results indicate that the proposed scheme has better performance than the conventional direct sequence spread spectrum(DSSS) scheme both in bandwidth efficiency and processing gain of the receiver.

高直链玉米淀粉棕榈酸芦丁复合物的制备及性质

以玉米淀粉为原料,以棕榈酸和芦丁为客体制备淀粉复合物,利用XRD、IR及DSC对淀粉棕榈酸及淀粉棕榈酸芦丁复合物进行结构表征。结果表明:形成的淀粉棕榈酸及淀粉棕榈酸芦丁复合物均为V型结晶结构,且随着直链淀粉含量和棕榈酸用量的增加淀粉棕榈酸复合物结晶度及V型复合物比例增大,芦丁的添加影响棕榈酸在淀粉中的存在形态,三者相互作用导致淀粉的结晶性降低,抑制淀粉老化。