Fabrication of UV-Curing Linalool-Polysiloxane Hybrid Films with High Refractive Index and Transparency

In this article,a series of high refractive indices(1.50-1.53)thiol phenyl polysiloxane(TPS)were synthesized via hydrolytic sol-gel reaction.The Fourier transform infrared spectra(FT-IR)and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra(NMR)results showed that TPS conformed to the predicted structures.Natural terpene linalool was exploited as photocrosslinker to fabricate UV-curing linalool-polysiloxane hybrid films(LPH)with TPS via photoinitiated thiol-ene reaction.LPH rapidly cured under UV irradiation at the intensity of 80 mW/cm^(2) in 30 s,exhibiting good UV-curing properties.The optical transmittance of LPH in the wavelength of 300-800 nm was over 90%,exhibiting good optical transparency.The water contact angle and water vapor permeability results showed that the introduction of phenyl groups enhance the hydrophobicity and water vapor barrier properties of LPH.The results indicated the potential of LPHs in the applications of optical functional coatings.

High Refractive Index Ti3O5 Films for Dielectric Metasurfaces

Ti33O55 films are deposited with the help of an electron beam evaporator for their applications in metasurfaces. The film of subwavelength （632nm） thickness is deposited on a silicon substrate and annealed at 400℃. The ellipsometry result shows a high refractive index above 2.5 with the minimum absorption coefficient in the visible region, which is necessary for high efficiency of transparent metasurfaces. Atomic force microscopy analysis is employed to measure the roughness of the as-deposited films. It is seen from micrographs that the deposited films are very smooth with the minimum roughness to prevent scattering and absorption losses for metasurface devices. The absence of grains and cracks can be seen by scanning electron microscope analysis, which is favorable for electron beam lithography. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals the transmission and reflection obtained from the film deposited on glass substrates. The as-deposited film shows high transmission above 60%, which is in good agreement with metasurfaces.

Research Advances in Detection Techniques of High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Refractive Index Detector

As a highly sensitive and stable detector,refractive index detector is usually used for quantitative detection of substances such as polymer,sugar and organic acid. The research reviewed the application of HPLC-RID in the fields of quantitative determination of medicine and food,in order to lay a foundation for wider use of RID.

Science Letters： How to realize a negative refractive index material at the atomic level in an optical frequency range？

The theoretical mechanism for realizing a negative refractive index material in an optical frequency range with an atomic gas system of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is studied. It is shown that under certain conditions such a dense gas can exhibit simultaneously negative permittivity and negative permeability, and negligibly small loss.

High-performance lens antenna using high refractive index metamaterials

In this paper, a high refractive index metamaterial （HRM）, whose element is composed of bilayer square patch （BSP） spaced by a dielectric plate, is proposed. By reducing the thickness of the dielectric plate and the gap between adjacent patches, the BSP can effectively enhance capacitive coupling and simultaneously suppress diamagnetic response, which significantly increases the refractive index of the proposed metamaterial. Furthermore, the high refractive index region is far away from the resonant region of the metamaterial, resulting in broadband. Based on these characteristics of BSP, a gradient refractive index （GRIN） lens with thin thickness （0.34/~0, where 2~0 is the wavelength at 5.75 GHz） is designed. By using this lens, we then design a circularly polarized horn antenna with high performance. The measurement results show that the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is 34.8% （4.75 GHz-6.75 GHz） and the antenna gain in this frequency range is increased by an average value of 3.4 dB. The proposed method opens up a new avenue to design high-performance antenna.

Detecting High-Refractive-Index Media Using Surface Plasmon Sensor with One-Dimensional Metal Diffraction Grating

We experimentally detect high-refractive-index media (n > 1.5) using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with a diffraction grating. While SPR sensors are generally based on the attenuated total reflection method using metal films, here, we focus on a method using a diffraction grating, which can detect relatively higher refractive-index media and is suitable for device miniaturization. In this study, we used the rigorous coupled-wave analysis method to simulate the dependence of the reflectance on an incident angle for media with refractive index values up to 1.700. In the experiment, a medium (n = 1.660 - 1.700) was successfully detected using this grating. Under the conditions of the grating (period: 600 nm, Au thickness: 40 nm) using a red laser (λ: 635 nm), a sharp decline in the reflectance and a rise in the transmittance at certain angles were confirmed, demonstrating the extraordinary transmission enabled by SPR. Because excitation angles changed with changes in the refractive index, we concluded that this method can be applied to sensors that detect high-refractive-index media.

Effect of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation on EVLW and Lung Capillary Permeability of Piglets with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Insults

The effect of high frequency oscillatory ventilation（HFOV） at early stage on hemodynamic parameters, extravascular lung water（EVLW）, lung capillary permeability, CC16 and s ICAM-1 in piglets with pulmonary or extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS） was explored. Central vein pressure（CVP） and pulse indicator continuous cardiac output（Pi CCO） were monitored in 12 anesthetized and intubated healthy piglets. Pulmonary ARDS（ARDSp） and extrapulmonary ARDS（ARDSexp） models were respectively established by lung lavage of saline solution and intravenous injection of oleic acid. Then the piglets received HFOV for 4 h. EVLW index（EVLWI）, EVLW/intratroracic blood volume（ITBV） and pulmonary vascular permeability index（PVPI） were measured before and after modeling（T0 and T1）, and T2（1 h）, T3（2 h）, T4（3 h） and T5（4 h） after HFOV. CC16 and s ICAM-1 were also detected at T1 and T5. Results showed at T1, T3, T4 and T5, EVLWI was increased more significantly in ARDSp group than in ARDSexp group（P〈0.05）. The EVLWI in ARDSp group was increased at T1（P=0.008）, and sustained continuously within 2 h（P=0.679, P=0.216）, but decreased at T4（P=0.007） and T5（P=0.037）. The EVLWI in ARDSexp group was also increased at T1（P=0.003）, but significantly decreased at T3（P=0.002） and T4（P=0.019）. PVPI was increased after modeling in both two groups（P=0.004, P=0.012）, but there was no significant change within 4 h（T5） under HFOV in ARDSp group, while PVPI showed the increasing trends at first, then decreased in ARDSexp group after HFOV. The changes of EVLW/ITBV were similar to those of PVPI. No significant differences were found in ΔEVLWI（P=0.13）, ΔPVPI（P=0.28） and ΔEVLW/ITBV between the two groups（P=0.63）. The significant decreases in both CC16 and s ICAM-1 were found in both two groups 4 h after HFOV, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. It was concluded that EVLWI and lung capillary permeability were markedly increased in ARDSp and ARDSexp groups. EVLW could be decreased 4 h after the HFOV treatment. HFOV, EVLW/ITBV and PVPI were increased slightly at first, and then decreased in ARDSexp group, while in ARDSp group no significant difference was found after modeling. No significant differences were found in the decreases in EVLW and lung capillary permeability 4 h after HFOV.

Wider frequency domain for negative refraction index in a quantized composite right–left handed transmission line

The refraction index of the quantized lossy composite right-left handed transmission line（CRLH-TL） is deduced in the thermal coherence state. The results show that the negative refraction index（herein the left-handedness） can be implemented by the electric circuit dissipative factors（i.e., the resistances R and conductances G） in a higher frequency band（1.446 GHz≤ ω ≤ 15 GHz）, and flexibly adjusted by the left-handed circuit components（Cl, Ll） and the right-handed circuit components（Cr, Lr） at a lower frequency（ω = 0.995 GHz）. The flexible adjustment for left-handedness in a wider bandwidth will be significant for the microscale circuit design of the CRLH-TL and may make the theoretical preparation for its compact applications.

High index of refraction via quantum interference in a three-level system of Er^3＋-doped yttrium aluminium garnet crystal

A simple three-level system is proposed to produce high index of refraction with zero absorption in an Er^3＋-doped yttrium aluminium garnet （YAG） crystal, which is achieved for a probe field between the excited state 4I13/2 and ground state 4I15/2 by adjusting a strong coherent driving field between the upper excited state 4I11/2 and 4I15/2. It is found that the changes of the frequency of the coherent driving field and the concentration of Er^3＋ ions in the YAG crystal can maximize the index of refraction accompanied by vanishing absorption. This result could be useful for the dispersion compensation in fibre communication, laser particle acceleration, high precision magnetometry and so on.

A high Q terahertz metamaterial absorber using concentric elliptical ring resonators for harmful gas sensing applications

A nearly perfect metamaterial absorber is proposed that can find utility in terahertz sensing applications.The design consists of two concentric elliptical ring resonators(ERRs)whose parameters are appropriately set to achieve dual band absorption with near perfect absorption.The first absorption band at 3.62 THz having a Q-factor of 51.7 was caused due to the currents in the outer and inner ERR.The second absorption peak at 3.814 THz having a Q factor of 1411.11 was a consequence of currents flowing across the gap between the two concentric resonators.Furthermore,it is observed that the absorption bands are sensitive to the variation in refractive index of the surrounding medium.The sensitivity's in the absorption bands are 3 THz/RIU and 3.59 THz/RIU respectively.A sensor is proposed based on this design to detect harmful gases,which is demonstrated for detection of Methane and Chloroform.High Q-factor and high sensitivity of the narrow band makes the design an excellent sensor for detecting variations in the refractive index.

高效液相色谱-示差折光检测器法测定复配消毒液中3种双链季铵盐的含量

提出了高效液相色谱-示差折光检测器法测定复配消毒液中二癸基二甲基氯化铵、辛基癸基二甲基氯化铵、二辛基二甲基氯化铵等3种双链季铵盐含量的方法。复配消毒液样品经流动相稀释,以Welchrom C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,以体积比70:30的乙腈-0.01 mol·L^(-1)丁烷磺酸钠溶液的混合溶液(pH 3.5)为流动相进行洗脱,采用示差折光检测器测定3种双链季铵盐的含量。结果表明:3种双链季铵盐的质量浓度在50~1000 mg·L^(-1)内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为3.3~5.1 mg·L^(-1);对实际样品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为91.0%~105%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%~2.2%。采用独立样本t检验法比对本方法与高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器法是否具有显著性差异,结果显示两组检测结果t值为1.85,P值为0.089,表明无显著性差异。

高折射率光学树脂的研究进展

近年来,高折射率(n)光学树脂因其性能优异受到广泛关注,已广泛应用在先进光电子制造领域。本文重点介绍了增加光学树脂的n值和阿贝数(v)的设计概念,简要介绍了开发高n值光学树脂的基本方法和重要参数。综述了过去十年高折射率树脂的研究进展,从高折射率光学树脂的设计原理以及含硫型、含卤、含磷、有机-无机杂化等高折射光学树脂研究现状等方面进行梳理,并列举了高折射率光学树脂在光学胶粘剂、发光二极管(LED)封装材料、光学透镜等方面的一些应用。最后对高折射率光学树脂的未来发展进行了展望。

基于在线滤波的ENSO强度预测模型及2023/2024年El Niño强度的预测

本文利用在线滤波代替Lanczos滤波,建立实时的累积高频风指数并构建ENSO强度预测模型。结果显示,在线滤波定义的累积高频风事件与Lanczos滤波有着类似的时空分布特征,这一大气信号与海洋充放电过程是决定ENSO成熟期强度的关键信号,且在冷暖位相下呈高度非对称特征。La Niña成熟期强度主要与2月热带太平洋的暖水体积及前一年12月至当年4月赤道中西太平洋累积东风事件紧密相关。相较之下,El Niño成熟期强度则与热带太平洋更大范围的海洋充电过程和东扩的西风事件紧密联系。基于上述非对称热带海气信号构建的ENSO强度预测模型可以稳定有效且较准确地预测ENSO强度。模型在6个月的预报时效下预测2023/2024年冬季Ni1o3.4约为1.9℃,为一次强El Niño事件。

微波谐振腔的高精度校准

该文介绍了利用高精度气象参数测量仪器进行微波谐振腔真空频率校准的方法,给出了详细的计算公式和校准步骤、条件,并对采用气象参数校准方式标定的谐振腔进行了不同条件下的实际测试和比对。测试结果表明,此种校准方式可以代替真空校准,且校准后的谐振腔可以应用于实际测量。

重组人干扰素α2b凝胶联合LEEP刀宫颈锥切术对宫颈上皮内瘤样病变合并HPV感染患者免疫功能及炎症指标的影响

目的探讨重组人干扰素α2b凝胶联合子宫颈电热圈环切术(LEEP)刀(超高频电波刀)宫颈锥切术对宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)合并人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染患者免疫功能及炎症指标的影响。方法以随机数字表法将2020年1月至2022年1月收治的86例CIN合并HPV感染患者分为对照组和观察组,各43例。对照组采用LEEP刀宫颈锥切术治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合重组人干扰素α2b凝胶治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的治疗总有效率为97.67%,高于对照组的83.72%(P<0.05)。观察组的阴道微生物恢复率、HPV转阴率均高于对照组,CIN复发率低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、白细胞介素-12(IL-12)及干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平高于对照组,白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重组人干扰素α2b凝胶联合LEEP刀宫颈锥切术治疗CIN合并HPV感染患者的疗效显著。

基于高双折射侧边抛磨光子晶体光纤的表面等离激元共振双参量传感器

利用表面等离激元共振(SPR)技术设计了一款高双折射光子晶体光纤(PCF)传感器,可以实现宽范围的双参量高灵敏度传感.采用侧边抛磨的结构,内部空气孔呈三角晶格排列.金纳米层涂覆在抛磨面直接与待测物接触作为测量折射率RI的通道,更加方便检测工作的进行,靠近纤芯的椭圆孔内充满氯仿用来探测温度.两个独立的通道以及由非对称引入的双折射可以确保独自测量折射率和温度的变化,解决了交叉灵敏度问题.借助全矢量有限元软件COMSOL Multiphysics,灵活使用散射边界条件可以很好的对光子晶体光纤传感器的光学特性进行数值分析研究.实验结果表明,文中提出的传感器可以测量折射率范围为1.32~1.39,温度范围是20~60℃,在500~1100 nm的波长范围内可以观察到明显的表面等离激元共振效应.为了进一步分析该结构的性能,对主要结构参数(抛光面金膜厚度m_(1)、Ta_(2)O_(5)厚度m_(2)、中心空气孔直径d1以及占空比)做了研究分析.仿真结果得到折射率传感下的平均波长灵敏度5700 nm/RIU,最大波长灵敏度13200 nm/RIU,最大振幅灵敏度818.44 RIU^(-1),传感器的折射率分辨率为1.75×10^(-5)RIU.温度传感范围为20~60℃,得到最大波长灵敏度为2.6 nm/℃,最大振幅灵敏度为0.363℃-1,以及传感器的温度分辨率为3.84×10^(-2)℃.该工作对于高灵敏度、实时、分布式、多参量测量SPR传感器的设计和实现具有指导意义.

示差折光检测器高效液相色谱法测定中间馏分芳烃含量的不确定度分析

采用示差折光检测器高效液相色谱法测定中间馏分芳烃含量,使用不确定度评估方法来建立数学模型,对不确定性来源进行分析,计算各个不确定度分量的结果,然后评估合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。评定结果表明,标准溶液配制过程产生的不确定度分量最大,其中以质量称量过程中的不确定度最大,其次是定容和标准物质纯度引入的不确定度;标准曲线拟合引入的不确定度次之。此外,值得关注的还有数值修约和测量重复性引入的不确定度。取置信区间为95%,包含因子k=2,总多环芳烃质量分数测定结果为10.4%±1.1%,总芳烃质量分数测定结果为23.9%±2.7%。

基于酰胺基柱的HPLC-RID同时测定异麦芽酮糖中5种糖的含量及其影响因素

研究高效液相色谱-示差折光检测法(HPLC-RID)同时测定异麦芽酮糖产品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、异麦芽酮糖和海藻酮糖的含量及影响因素。方法采用酰胺基柱,通过精密度试验、t检验确证方法准确性,通过单因素试验和谱图比较确定色谱条件和前处理条件对分离的影响。结果表明,流动相中乙腈的增加能加强糖在酰胺基柱上的保留,三乙胺能显著消除果糖、葡萄糖和海藻酮糖在分离时产生的分裂峰或分叉峰并影响谱图中负峰的位置;样液介质中乙腈、三乙胺分别主要影响溶剂峰和负峰(峰的极性和大小)。在流动相中乙腈、三乙胺体积分数分别为75%、0.05%、柱温45℃、流速1.0 mL/min、进样体积10μL条件下,5种糖在10 min内基本基线分离,且色谱柱pH耐受安全,实际样品测定结果与COA无显著差异(p=0.05),精密度均小于1.3%,均满足相关检测标准的要求。

高频超声下老年女性腓肠肌形态参数与身体活动能力的相关性分析

背景:高频超声技术的应用为老年人骨骼肌形态的精准评估提供了有效工具,但获取的骨骼肌形态参数与身体活动能力之间的关联性尚不明确。目的:探究高频超声成像技术下老年女性腓肠肌形态学参数与身体活动能力的相关性,进而发现老年人身体活动能力的有效预测指标。方法:于上海杉达学院周边社区招募年龄>60周岁,具有独立活动能力的老年女性受试者59例,采集受试者腓肠肌高频超声图像,获取相关参数:包括肌肉厚度、肌纤维长度、羽状角和肌纤维长度/肌肉厚度(fiber length/muscle thickness,Lf/Tm)指数;并进行身体活动能力测试:包括10 m步行、计时起立行走、30 s坐站和握力的测试,对各形态参数和身体活动能力测试指标进行相关性分析。结果与结论:①各骨骼肌形态参数间均存在显著相关性(P<0.05);②羽状角与10 m步行测试结果呈负相关(r=-0.35,P<0.05),与计时起立行走测试结果呈正相关(r=0.32,P<0.05);③Lf/Tm指数与10 m步行测试、握力测试结果呈正相关(r=0.39,P<0.01;r=0.30,P<0.05),与计时起立行走测试结果呈负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.05);④结果表明:腓肠肌羽状角和Lf/Tm指数与老年女性身体活动能力表现出了较好的相关性,可作为身体活动能力预测的有效指标。

高频震荡通气联合枸橼酸咖啡因注射液治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效及对心肌损伤标志物和氧化应激的影响

目的探讨高频震荡通气(HFOV)联合枸橼酸咖啡因治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)的疗效。方法前瞻性将2021年1月至2023年12月收治于成都市妇女儿童中心医院的NRDS患儿118例作为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各59例。对照组予以HFOV通气治疗,观察组予以HFOV通气联合枸橼酸咖啡因治疗。治疗7 d后,对两组患儿进行疗效评价;比较两组机械通气时间、用氧时间、呼吸暂停次数,并比较两组治疗前和治疗7 d后的血气指标、心肌损伤指标[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)]和氧化应激指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛]水平;统计并比较两组并发症情况。结果治疗7 d后,观察组的总有效率为94.92%,高于对照组(81.36%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组机械通气时间、用氧时间分别为(5.37±1.42)、(7.13±1.39)d,均短于对照组[(6.48±1.51)、(8.44±1.54)d],呼吸暂停次数为(5.17±0.87)次,少于对照组[(6.89±1.25)次],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗7 d后的PaO_(2)和氧合指数分别为(72.69±6.31)mmHg、116.58±9.41,均高于对照组[(67.89±5.96)mmHg、105.78±10.21],PaCO_(2)为(41.88±5.31)mmHg,低于对照组[(44.89±4.97)mmHg],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗7 d后的血清CK-MB、LDH水平分别为(34.55±3.55)、(281.36±42.47)U/L,均低于对照组[(41.78±5.36)、(349.41±46.51)U/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗7 d后的血清SOD水平为(27.62±5.78)U/mL,高于对照组[(24.31±5.21)U/mL],丙二醛水平为(23.45±3.24)μmol/L,低于对照组[(30.48±3.96)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组的总并发症发生率分别为7例(11.86%)、13例(22.03%),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HFOV联合枸橼酸咖啡因治疗NRDS有较好疗效,能够改善血气指标,减轻心肌损伤和氧化应激。