Effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal,porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy

The effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal(ESC),porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy was investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laboratory computed tomography(CT).Results showed that the newly developed AlSi9MnMoV alloy exhibited improved mechanical properties when compared to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.The AlSi9MnMoV alloy,which was designed with trace multicomponent additions,displays a notable grain refining effect in comparison to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.Refining elements Ti,Zr,V,Nb,B promote heterogeneous nucleation and reduce the grain size of primaryα-Al.At a lower slow shot speed,the large ESCs are easier to form and gather,developing into the dendrite net and net-shrinkage.With an increase in slow shot speed,the size and number of ESCs and porosities significantly reduce.In addition,the distribution of ESCs is more dispersed and the net-shrinkage disappears.The tensile property is greatly improved by adopting a higher slow shot speed.The ultimate tensile strength is enhanced from 260.31 MPa to 290.31 MPa(increased by 11.52%),and the elongation is enhanced from 3.72%to 6.34%(increased by 70.52%).

A new method of preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys through high-gravity combustion synthesis

A new method of high-gravity combustion synthesis(HGCS)followed by post-treatment(PT)is reported for preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys(HEAs),Cr0.9FeNi2.5V0.2Al0.5 alloy,whereby cheap thermite powder is used as the raw material.In this process,the HEA melt and the ceramic melt are rapidly formed by a strong exothermic combustion synthesis reaction and completely separated under a high-gravity field.Then,the master alloy is obtained after cooling.Subsequently,the master alloy is sequentially subjected to conventional vacuum arc melting(VAM),homogenization treatment,cold rolling,and annealing treatment to realize a tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation of 1250 MPa,1075 MPa,and 2.9%,respectively.The present method is increasingly attractive due to its low cost of raw materials and the intermediate product obtained without high-temperature heating.Based on the calculation of phase separation kinetics in the high-temperature melt,it is expected that the final alloys with high performance can be prepared directly across master alloys with higher high-gravity coefficients.

High-temperature electrochemical performance and phase composition of Ti_(0.7) Zr_(0.5) V_(0.2) Mn_(1.8-x)Ni_x hydrogen storage electrode alloys

The rapid development of electric vehicles demands the development of high performance nickel metal hydride battery that is able to endure high temperature. The discharge properties of Ti 0.7 Zr 0.5 V 0.2 Mn 1.8- x Ni x ( x =0.4, 0.8, 1.1, 1.4, 1.7)hydrogen storage alloys was investigated and its phase composition was analyzed using X ray diffraction. The results show that the cycling life was improved as the content of nickel increases. When x =0.4, 0.8, 1.1 and 1.4, the main phase is MgZn 2 type C14 Laves phase and the second one is cubic TiNi phase. When x =1.7, the Laves phase structure disappears. EDAS analysis shows that the increase of nickel content is effective in suppressing the dissolution of vanadium component in alloys. [

High Performance ZrNbAl Alloy with Low Thermal Expansion Coefficient

Thermal expansion is a common phenomenon in both metals and alloys, which is important for metallic material applications in modern industry, especially in nuclear and aerospace industries. A lower thermal expansion coefficient may cause lower thermal stress and higher accuracy. A new Zr-based alloy is developed and presented.The XRD diffraction results demonstrate that only a close-packed hexagonal phase（α or α＇ phase） exists in the microstructure. The thermal expansion and mechanical properties are studied. According to the experimental results, the new Zr-based alloy presents a low thermal expansion coefficient and good mechanical properties.Also,its thermal expansion coefficient is stable through solution treatment.

Low-temperature performance and high-rate discharge capability of AB_5-type non-stoichiometric hydrogen storage alloy

Low-temperature performance and high-rate discharge capability of AB5-type non-stoichiometric hydrogen storage are studied. X-ray diffraction(XRD),pressure-composition-temperature(PCT) curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) are applied to characterize the electrochemical properties of ABx(x=4.8,4.9,5.0,5.1,5.2) alloys. The results show that the non-stoichiometric alloys exhibit better electrochemical properties compared with that of the AB5 alloy.

Influence of high pressure and manganese addition on Fe-rich phases and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy with rheo-squeeze casting

The influence of high pressure and manganese addition on Fe-rich phases(FRPs)and mechanical properties of Al-14Si-2Fe alloy with rheo-squeeze casting(RSC)was investigated.The semi-solid alloy melt was treated by ultrasonic vibration(UV)firstly,and then formed by squeeze casting(SC).Results show that the FRPs in as-cast SC alloys are composed of coarseβ-Al5(Fe,Mn)Si,δ-Al4(Fe,Mn)Si2 and bone-shapedα-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2 phases when the pressure is 0 MPa.With RSC process,the FRPs are first refined by UV,and then the solidification under pressure further causes the grains to become smaller.The peritectic transformation occurs during the formation ofαphase.For the alloy with the same composition,the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of RSC sample is higher than that of the SC sample.With the same forming process,the UTS of Al-14Si-2Fe-0.8Mn alloy is higher than that of Al-14Si-2Fe-0.4Mn alloy.

Microstructure variation and growth mechanism of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy solidifi ed under high pressure

The microstructure of hypoeutectic Al-9.21wt.%Si alloy solidified under 5.5 GPa was studied. The results show that the solidification microstructure is refined. The primary a phase is the extended solid solution. The solid solubility of Si in α phase is up to 8.26wt.%. The growth mode of the α phase is cellular, and this cellular growth mechanism is interpreted in terms of the decrease of the diffusivity and the extended solid solution under high pressure. By calculation, it can be known that the the diffusivity of solute in the liquid under normal pressure is as high as two hundred times that under high pressure. The microhardness of the hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy solidified under high pressure is higher than that of solidified under normal pressure. After annealing, Si precipitates from the solid solution, the microhardness of the alloy decrease, but, still higher than that of solidified under normal pressure.

Azo dye degradation behavior of AlFeMnTiM(M = Cr, Co, Ni) high-entropy alloys

Because of the potential carcinogenic effects and difficult degradation of azo dyes, their degradation has been a longstanding problem. The degradation of azo dye Direct Blue 6(DB6) using ball-milled(BM) high-entropy alloy(HEA) powders was characterized in this work. Newly designed AlFeMnTiM(M = Cr, Co, Ni) HEAs synthesized by mechanical alloying(MA) showed excellent performance in the degradation of azo dye DB6. The degradation efficiency of AlFeMnTiCr is approximately 19 times greater than that of the widely used commercial Fe–Si–B amorphous alloy ribbons and more than 100 times greater than that of the widely used commercial zero-valent iron(ZVI) powders. The galvanic-cell effect and the unique crystal structure are responsible for the good degradation performance of the BM HEAs. This study indicates that BM HEAs are attractive, valuable, and promising environmental catalysts for wastewater contaminated by azo dyes.

Effects of magnesium and copper additions on tensile properties of Al-Si-Cr die casting alloy under as-cast and T5 conditions

Aluminum high pressure die casting(HPDC)technology has evolved in the past decades,enabling stronger and larger one-piece casting with significant part consolidation.It also offers a higher design freedom for more mass-efficient thin-walled body structures.For body structures that require excellent ductility and fracture toughness to be joined with steel sheet via self-piercing riveting(for instance,shock towers and hinge pillars,etc.),a costly T7 heat treatment comprising a solution heat treatment at elevated temperatures(450℃-500℃)followed by an over-ageing heat treatment is needed to optimize microstructure for meeting product requirement.To enable cost-efficient mass production of HPDC body structures,it is important to eliminate the expensive T7 heat treatment without sacrificing mechanical properties.Optimizing die cast alloy chemistry is a potential solution to improve fracture toughness and ductility of the HPDC components.The present study intends to tailor the Mg and Cu additions for a new Al-Si-Cr type die casting alloy(registered as A379 with The Aluminum Association,USA)to achieve the desired tensile properties without using T7 heat treatment.It was found that Cu addition should be avoided,as it is not effective in enhancing strength while degrades tensile ductility.Mg addition is very effective in improving strength and has minor impact on tensile ductility.The investigated Al-Si-Cr alloy with a nominal composition of Al-8.5wt.%Si-0.3wt.%Cr-0.2wt.%Fe shows comparable tensile properties with the T7 treated AlSi10MnMg alloy which is currently used for manufacturing shock towers and hinge pillars.

The micro structure of high carbon low alloy steel for easy drawing

For better processing performance of high carbon low alloy steel wire rod,an investigation about the influence of cementite lamellar spacing on wire 'easy drawing' performance is completed.It is pointed out that too thin cementite lamellar spacing(<80 um) reduces the strain hardening level of wire drawing, and reduce the torsion performance of drawn wire at same time.For the wire or wire rod from industrial production,compared with the micro-structure with troostite,the micro-structure with sorbite or sorbite mixed with pearlite is more suitable to the drawing process with high reduction ratio.

发动机缸盖用新型Al-Si-Cu-Mg铝合金材料

新型Al-Si-Cu-Mg铝合金材料在319.0合金的基础上,通过调整合金中Cu,Mg两种元素的含量和添加其他微量元素,同时改善了室温性能和高温性能,力学性能优于传统发动机缸盖铝合金;采用常用方法测试了新型铝合金的铸造性能,并且经过试制验证了新型铝合金铸造性能满足发动机缸盖的成型性要求;通过相图分析和显微组织观察揭示了新型铝合金的强化机理,Mg的时效强化作用优于Cu。

Research and Practice of Production Technology for High Performance Low Alloy Steels in WISCO

The product system of high strength low alloy steels (HSLA) produced by Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation (WISCO) was presented.A series of high performance structural steels have been developed for important construction projects around the world in different areas,such as bridge,pressure vessel,pipe line,shipbuilding,architecture,machinery and railway wagons.In order to promote the development of large heat input welding steel,high grade thick pipeline steel and long span bridge steel,a lot of advanced production technologies have been achieved through intensive investigation,such as the control of high purity,high homogenization and free defects in steel slabs,the rules of high melting point particle formation and distribution in micro and nano scale during steel production,and the TMCP technology for ultra low carbon bainite steel for medium and heavy plates.WISCO will carry on research and application of economic and weather-resistant steels and promote the developing and producing technologies of HSLA steel.

Al-Si合金/高钙粉煤灰基高温相变蓄热球的制备及应用性能

以高钙粉煤灰为基体材料,Al-Si共晶合金粉为相变介质,利用干压成型及混合烧结法制备了直径为15 mm蓄热球,研究了成型压力及合金粉含量对蓄热球综合性能的影响,并对其堆积承载高度及性价比进行了估算和分析。结果表明:相同成型压力下,合金粉含量越高,蓄热球的相变潜热、密度及开裂载荷越高。合金粉含量相同时,蓄热球密度及开裂载荷随成型压力的增大而增大,而相变潜热基本不受成型压力影响。蓄热球相变潜热越高其熔化功率越大,说明其相对导热性能越好,而密度对熔化功率影响不大。以单个蓄热球常温下开裂载荷的大小作为堆积体底层接触力的理论峰值,估算出对应的最大理论堆积高度范围为47.7~287.2 m,而蓄热球在高温下的堆积高度均不小于20 m。利用层次分析法(AHP)对蓄热球进行综合性价比分析,当合金粉含量为40%,成型压力为8 MPa时,蓄热球综合应用性价比较优。

Remarkable synergistic effect in cobalt-iron nitride/alloy nanosheets for robust electrochemical water splitting

Design and synthesis of noble-metal-free bifunctional catalysts for efficient and robust electrochemical water splitting are of significant importance in developing clean and renewable energy sources for sustainable energy consumption.Herein,a simple three-step strategy is reported to construct cobalt-iron nitride/alloy nanosheets on nickel foam(CoFe-NA/NF)as a bifunctional catalyst for both hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The electrocatalyst with optimized composition(CoFe-NA2/NF)can achieve ultralow overpotentials of 73 mV and 250 mV for HER and OER,respectively,at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) in 1 M KOH.Notably,the electrolyzer based on this electrocatalyst is able to boost the overall water splitting with a cell voltage of 1.564 V to deliver 10 mA cm^(-2) for at least 50 h without obvious performance decay.Furthermore,our experiment and theoretical calculation demonstrate that the combination of cobalt-iron nitride and alloy can have low hydrogen adsorption energy and facilitate water dissociation during HER.In addition,the surface reconstruction introduces metal oxyhydroxides to optimize the OER process.Our work may pave a new pathway to design bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting.

基于高磷铁矿制备Fe-P合金催化剂用于高效全解水反应

本工作首次报道了一种高磷铁矿协同纯Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)熔融还原并结合单辊旋淬技术制备Fe-P合金带材催化剂的短流程冶金工艺,该工艺具有成本低、产品附加值高、易于工业化的优点。针对电催化析氢合金催化剂低成本高效制备难题,国内外学者进行了重点研究。因此,通过短流程冶金的方法制备Fe-P合金带材催化剂并将其用于电催化制氢(HER)领域,一方面降低了冶金过程中二氧化碳和其他大气污染物的排放,另一方面为冶金资源实现“大型化、清洁化、连续化、自动化”再利用平台搭建提供了指导方案,有望解决催化剂技术在发展中存在的“卡脖子”问题。

国产Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层高钒封闭索丝耐久性研究

以国家速滑馆首次应用的国产Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层高钒封闭索丝为研究对象,对其使用性能、基本特性及耐久性等进行研究。采用了国家速滑馆内部高空索体实际服役环境处的大气暴露试验方式,综合考虑索在加工安装过程中易产生的损伤,对索丝试件进行了划痕、刮擦、焊点的预制缺陷设计,研究了含预制缺陷的国产Zn-5%Al-稀土合金镀层高钒封闭索丝在真实使用环境中的大气腐蚀行为规律,并采用力学性能测试研究了索丝在服役环境大气腐蚀作用下的力学性能变化规律及不同缺陷对力学性能的影响。结果表明,加工安装过程中在索丝表面合金镀层产生的划痕、刮擦、焊点等损伤,会破坏合金镀层的完整性。大气暴露试验和力学性能试验中,三类缺陷对索丝金属镀层防大气腐蚀性能和单丝抗拉强度均有负面影响,其中焊点缺陷影响最大,单丝抗拉强度下降约40%。

TC4合金组织演变对力学性能的影响研究

航空发动机风扇机匣、转子叶片和钛合金整体叶盘等部件在焊接制造过程中,焊缝部位组织易发生转变,降低了焊缝疲劳性能,导致焊缝部位的开裂故障时有发生。鉴于此,主要针对TC4型钛合金在5种热处理状态下的高周疲劳性能进行研究,结果表明:在室温、700℃、800℃、900℃、1 000℃、1 100℃六种热处理状态下,TC4合金的疲劳强度分别为782.7 MPa、780 MPa、725.6 MPa、660 MPa、553.3 MPa、590 MPa,均满足95%置信度;随着热处理温度的升高,TC4合金的高周疲劳强度逐渐降低,1 100℃热处理状态下的疲劳强度略高于1 000℃热处理状态下的疲劳强度;热处理过程中产生的元素再分配过程是导致合金高周疲劳极限随着热处理温度的升高而降低的主要原因。

激光功率对FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金熔覆层组织与性能的影响

采用5种激光功率在40CrMnMo钢表面制备了FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金涂层,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、维氏显微硬度计、应力分析仪、摩擦磨损试验机和电化学工作站等对涂层的显微组织、物相、力学性能及耐蚀性能进行了研究,分析了激光功率对熔覆层组织与性能的影响。结果表明:激光熔覆制备的FeCoCrNiMn涂层的组织主要为FCC固溶体相,当激光功率大于1400 W时,涂层出现BCC相(α-Fe)结构,组织为树枝晶,晶内为马氏体;随着激光功率的增大,涂层残余应力先减小后增加,在1000 W时达到最小值,为215.3 MPa,涂层的硬度为先增大后减小,1000 W时达最大值215.4 HV0.3;激光功率1000 W时涂层的耐磨性最佳,磨损率最低,为1.406×10^(-5)g·N^(-1)·m^(-1);激光功率1200 W时涂层的耐腐蚀性最佳,涂层的自腐蚀电位最大,为-0.24 V,自腐蚀电流密度最小,为2.37×10^(-9)A·cm^(-2)。综合分析试验结果,激光熔覆制备FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金涂层的最佳激光功率为1000 W,此时熔覆涂层的表面成型质量良好、耐磨性能最佳、耐腐蚀性能良好。

Achieving ultra-high corrosion-resistant Mg-Zn-Sc alloys by forming Sc-assisted protective corrosion product film

The weak corrosion resistance of magnesium and its alloys greatly limited the industrial application.Though functional self-healing coatings have been proposed as countermeasures,repeated damages on coatings under practical installation and complex external environments could require self-adaptive cor-rosion protection against multiple abrasions.In this study,an ultra-high corrosion-resistant Mg-1Zn-1Sc(wt.%)alloy with a corrosion rate of 0.087 mm/y has been designed and prepared,which has fine grains and uniform structure of a nano-scale ScZn phase with low potential.A unique and dense corrosion prod-uct film with a three-layered structure was found and studied on Mg-1Zn-1Sc alloy,providing excellent corrosion protection.In addition,the formation and protection mechanisms of the three-layered corrosion product film on Mg-1Zn-1Sc alloy have been discussed and proposed.The growth behavior of protective corrosion product film could be driven by the synergy of Sc and Zn elements.Furthermore,with the in-crease of Sc content,the strength,plasticity,and corrosion resistance of Mg-1Zn-x Sc(x=0,0.2,0.6,1.0,in wt.%)alloys increased simultaneously.The high corrosion resistance and moderate mechanical perfor-mance qualify Mg-1Zn-1Sc alloy as a promising candidate for diverse industrial applications.

高温后铝合金T型连接梁柱节点滞回性能试验研究

为研究高温后铝合金T型连接梁柱节点滞回性能,以温度值、恒温时间为变化参数,设计了4个T型节点试件进行了高温后低周往复加载试验。通过试验观测了T型节点试件的破坏过程,同时获取了试件升温曲线、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性指标、承载力及刚度退化曲线等,并由此分析了节点破坏机理、承载能力以及抗震性能。试验结果表明:受到低周往复荷载作用后试件的破坏模式均表现为节点板的弯剪破坏,滞回曲线不饱满;高温后试件极限承载力随着恒温时间的增加而减少;与常温下的铝合金T型节点试件相比,经历高温后的试件刚度退化幅度及延性增加;螺栓滑移可增加试件耗能,但摩擦力在滑移阶段初期对常温试件产生不利影响。